![Dějiny křesťanství](https://i.pinimg.com/1200x/52/f3/e1/52f3e1a47ad23b47ea826300f9e0af18.jpg)
Dějiny křesťanství Časová osa
Arianismus
Křížové výpravy
Západní schizma
Reformace
Aféra Galileo
Protireformace
Obnovovací hnutí
Epilog
přílohy
postavy
Reference
![Dějiny křesťanství](https://i.pinimg.com/1200x/52/f3/e1/52f3e1a47ad23b47ea826300f9e0af18.jpg)
![Apoštolský věk](https://i.pinimg.com/600x/7a/9b/11/7a9b112272a4d8192b8d35fb2d66d2a0.jpg)
Apoštolský věk
Rome, Metropolitan City of Rom![Ante-Nicene období](https://i.pinimg.com/600x/5f/7b/3a/5f7b3a132e5a2745223761f27cb1f30b.jpg)
Ante-Nicene období
Jerusalem, Israel![Napětí na východě a západě](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/DebateBetweenCatholicsAndOrientalChristiansInThe13thCenturyAcre1290.jpg/600px-DebateBetweenCatholicsAndOrientalChristiansInThe13thCenturyAcre1290.jpg)
Napětí na východě a západě
Rome, Metropolitan City of Rom![arianismus](https://i.pinimg.com/600x/a4/64/ae/a464ae6a1b603c3a6abd91f1eef412da.jpg)
arianismus
Alexandria, Egypt![Pronásledování křesťanů](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Jean-L%C3%A9on_G%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_-_The_Christian_Martyrs%27_Last_Prayer_-_Walters_37113.jpg/600px-Jean-L%C3%A9on_G%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_-_The_Christian_Martyrs%27_Last_Prayer_-_Walters_37113.jpg)
Pronásledování křesťanů
Rome, Metropolitan City of Rom![Milánský edikt](https://i.pinimg.com/600x/fb/20/fe/fb20fe57eb84f4d585fead640c3eb9f6.jpg)
Milánský edikt
Milano, Metropolitan City of M![Raně křesťanské mnišství](https://i.pinimg.com/600x/ae/9f/b1/ae9fb14000ca22bed7cc30657ee6cee2.jpg)
Raně křesťanské mnišství
Nag Hammadi, Egypt![První ekumenické koncily](https://i.pinimg.com/600x/a3/82/bf/a382bf92796ed43582d597407d381f21.jpg)
První ekumenické koncily
İznik, Bursa, Turkey![Nicejské vyznání](https://i.pinimg.com/600x/17/57/6a/17576a860478e1e3c6d6b25ab2dc7f08.jpg)
Nicejské vyznání
İznik, Bursa, Turkey![Křesťanství jako římské státní náboženství](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Sylvester_I_and_Constantine.jpg/600px-Sylvester_I_and_Constantine.jpg)
Křesťanství jako římské státní náboženství
Thessalonica, Greece![Nestoriánské schizma](https://i.pinimg.com/600x/fd/32/96/fd3296189333fba1040088338012adcb.jpg)
Nestoriánské schizma
Persia![Křesťanství ve středověku](https://i.pinimg.com/600x/3e/5c/57/3e5c57df0dbaa613730283b4d866ca98.jpg)
Křesťanství ve středověku
İstanbul, Turkey![Christianizace Evropy](https://i.pinimg.com/600x/ac/b5/ed/acb5edd663c6df7a0db57388f29c0dfd.jpg)
Christianizace Evropy
Europe![Christianizace Slovanů](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Lebedev_baptism.jpg/600px-Lebedev_baptism.jpg)
Christianizace Slovanů
Balkans![Rané křesťanství v Číně](https://i.pinimg.com/600x/e1/00/b1/e100b1b9bfc9fd557436cb4c383eafd1.jpg)
Rané křesťanství v Číně
China![Christianizace Skandinávie](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/Wenzel_Torn%C3%B8e_-_Ansgar_-_1895.png)
Christianizace Skandinávie
Scandinavia![Byzantský ikonoklasmus](https://i.pinimg.com/600x/91/9e/89/919e89c09773ce4f0c06c33c2a96414d.jpg)
Byzantský ikonoklasmus
İstanbul, Turkey![Fotské schizma](https://i.pinimg.com/600x/4c/45/0a/4c450abdeb0d5adf3f08f658ba1cf1b3.jpg)
Fotské schizma
Bulgaria![Klášterní reforma](https://i.pinimg.com/600x/e2/a1/4d/e2a14d05962b4a94aabced0b3f28c86b.jpg)
Klášterní reforma
Europe![Rozkol mezi východem a západem](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Jehan_Georges_Vibert_-_The_Schism%2C_1874.jpg/600px-Jehan_Georges_Vibert_-_The_Schism%2C_1874.jpg)
Rozkol mezi východem a západem
Europe![Kontroverze o investituře](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Emile_Delper%C3%A9e_-_Martin_Luther_at_the_Diet_of_Worms.jpg/600px-Emile_Delper%C3%A9e_-_Martin_Luther_at_the_Diet_of_Worms.jpg)
Kontroverze o investituře
Worms, Germany![křížové výpravy](https://i.pinimg.com/600x/da/63/e6/da63e6d63479b5590aa7f79b79918b30.jpg)
křížové výpravy
Jerusalem, Israel![Středověká inkvizice](https://i.pinimg.com/600x/03/97/6b/03976b190799266ae54a8d3fbb33bfb7.jpg)
Středověká inkvizice
France![Avignonské papežství](https://i.pinimg.com/600x/4a/69/87/4a698772618e3d4ca5f209b6d69dc81a.jpg)
Avignonské papežství
Avignon, France![Západní schizma](https://i.pinimg.com/600x/ce/9c/0a/ce9c0a2908ab2dd3c22e8aef7523ad13.jpg)
Západní schizma
Europe![Christianizace Ameriky](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Leutze%2C_Emanuel_%E2%80%94_Storming_of_the_Teocalli_by_Cortez_and_His_Troops_%E2%80%94_1848.jpg/600px-Leutze%2C_Emanuel_%E2%80%94_Storming_of_the_Teocalli_by_Cortez_and_His_Troops_%E2%80%94_1848.jpg)
Christianizace Ameriky
Mexico![reformace](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Martin_Luther_by_Cranach-restoration.jpg/600px-Martin_Luther_by_Cranach-restoration.jpg)
reformace
Germany![Křesťanství na Filipínách](https://i.pinimg.com/600x/ea/0f/7f/ea0f7fc8f2de5ef0b1d99ae792ea4a38.jpg)
Křesťanství na Filipínách
Philippines![Puritánská migrace do Nové Anglie](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/George-Henry-Boughton-Pilgrims-Going-To-Church.jpg/600px-George-Henry-Boughton-Pilgrims-Going-To-Church.jpg)
Puritánská migrace do Nové Anglie
New England, USA![Aféra Galileo](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6b/Galileo_before_the_Holy_Office_-_Joseph-Nicolas_Robert-Fleury%2C_1847.png)
Aféra Galileo
Pisa, Province of Pisa, Italy![Protireformace](https://i.pinimg.com/600x/32/72/e1/3272e19b0f622884fb3a295ed8e725d5.jpg)
Protireformace
Trento, Autonomous Province of![První velké probuzení](https://i.pinimg.com/600x/98/5e/e5/985ee5b3d36547e9224f05c5ec452ffe.jpg)
První velké probuzení
Britain, United Kingdom![Obnovovací hnutí](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Ulrich-Zwingli-1.jpg/600px-Ulrich-Zwingli-1.jpg)
Obnovovací hnutí
United States![Křesťanství v Indonésii](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_De_zendingspredikant_Ds._Van_Dijk_brengt_gezeten_op_een_Soembanees_graf_het_evangelie_aan_de_Soembanezen_TMnr_10000756.jpg/600px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_De_zendingspredikant_Ds._Van_Dijk_brengt_gezeten_op_een_Soembanees_graf_het_evangelie_aan_de_Soembanezen_TMnr_10000756.jpg)
Křesťanství v Indonésii
Indonesia![křesťanský fundamentalismus](https://i.pinimg.com/600x/53/a5/15/53a51532c617cf7a205c6765d638fbc0.jpg)
křesťanský fundamentalismus
United States![Druhý vatikánský koncil](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Second_Vatican_Council_by_Lothar_Wolleh_001.jpg/600px-Second_Vatican_Council_by_Lothar_Wolleh_001.jpg)
Druhý vatikánský koncil
St. Peter's Basilica, Piazza S![Katolicko-pravoslavný ekumenismus](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Te_Deum_Ecum%C3%A9nico_2009.jpg/600px-Te_Deum_Ecum%C3%A9nico_2009.jpg)
Katolicko-pravoslavný ekumenismus
Rome, Metropolitan City of RomEpilog
EuropeHistoryMaps Shop
![](https://shop.history-maps.com/cdn/shop/files/continentalarmy600px.jpg?v=1715410562)
Heroes of the American Revolution Painting
Explore the rich history of the American Revolution through this captivating painting of the Continental Army. Perfect for history enthusiasts and art collectors, this piece brings to life the bravery and struggles of early American soldiers.
Appendices
APPENDIX 1
Christian Denominations Family Tree | Episode 1: Origins & Early Schisms
![Play button](https://i.pinimg.com/564x/e6/d3/3e/e6d33ea020dfb3984d956364c51e7c30.jpg)
APPENDIX 2
Christian Denominations Family Tree | Episode 2: Roman Catholic & Eastern Orthodox Churches
![Play button](https://i.pinimg.com/564x/e6/d3/3e/e6d33ea020dfb3984d956364c51e7c30.jpg)
APPENDIX 3
Introduction to the Bible (from an academic point of view)
![Play button](https://i.pinimg.com/564x/e6/d3/3e/e6d33ea020dfb3984d956364c51e7c30.jpg)
APPENDIX 4
The Christian Church Explained in 12 Minutes
![Play button](https://i.pinimg.com/564x/e6/d3/3e/e6d33ea020dfb3984d956364c51e7c30.jpg)
APPENDIX 5
Catholic vs Orthodox - What is the Difference Between Religions?
![Play button](https://i.pinimg.com/564x/e6/d3/3e/e6d33ea020dfb3984d956364c51e7c30.jpg)
APPENDIX 6
Early Christian Schisms - How the Modern Church was Formed
![Play button](https://i.pinimg.com/564x/e6/d3/3e/e6d33ea020dfb3984d956364c51e7c30.jpg)
Characters
![Martin Luther](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Lucas_Cranach_d.%C3%84._-_Martin_Luther%2C_1528_%28Veste_Coburg%29.jpg/400px-Lucas_Cranach_d.%C3%84._-_Martin_Luther%2C_1528_%28Veste_Coburg%29.jpg)
Martin Luther
German Priest
![Jesus](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Spas_vsederzhitel_sinay.jpg/400px-Spas_vsederzhitel_sinay.jpg)
Jesus
Religious Leader
![Johannes Gutenberg](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Gutenberg.jpg/400px-Gutenberg.jpg)
Johannes Gutenberg
Printer
![Jerome](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Jacques_Blanchard_-_Hl._Hieronymus.jpg/400px-Jacques_Blanchard_-_Hl._Hieronymus.jpg)
Jerome
Translator of Bible into Latin
![Francis of Assisi](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Cigoli%2C_san_francesco.jpg/400px-Cigoli%2C_san_francesco.jpg)
Francis of Assisi
Founder of the Franciscans
![Theodosius I](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Bust_of_Theodosius_I.jpg/400px-Bust_of_Theodosius_I.jpg)
Theodosius I
Roman Emperor
![John Calvin](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/58/John_Calvin_Museum_Catharijneconvent_RMCC_s84_cropped.png)
John Calvin
French Theologian
![Augustine of Canterbury](https://i.pinimg.com/400x/f5/98/4b/f5984b7144d7389b60c0d621a3035ef7.jpg)
Augustine of Canterbury
Founder of the English Church
![Pope Urban II](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Urban2_a.jpg/400px-Urban2_a.jpg)
Pope Urban II
Inspired the Crusades
![Paul the Apostle](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Saint_Paul%2C_Rembrandt_van_Rijn_%28and_Workshop%3F%29%2C_c._1657.jpg/400px-Saint_Paul%2C_Rembrandt_van_Rijn_%28and_Workshop%3F%29%2C_c._1657.jpg)
Paul the Apostle
Christian Apostle
![Benedictines](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Clear_Creek_Monks.jpg/400px-Clear_Creek_Monks.jpg)
Benedictines
Monastic Religious Order
![Mormons](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/15/Latter_Day_Saint_confirmation_%28Mayhew_1852%29.png)
Mormons
Religious Group
![Cistercians](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/J%C3%B6rg_Breu_d._%C3%84._002.jpg/400px-J%C3%B6rg_Breu_d._%C3%84._002.jpg)
Cistercians
Catholic Religious Order
![Twelve Apostles](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/The_Last_Supper_-_Leonardo_Da_Vinci_-_High_Resolution_32x16.jpg/400px-The_Last_Supper_-_Leonardo_Da_Vinci_-_High_Resolution_32x16.jpg)
Twelve Apostles
Disciples of Jesus
![John the Baptist](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Titian_-_St_John_the_Baptist_in_the_Desert_-_WGA22807.jpg/400px-Titian_-_St_John_the_Baptist_in_the_Desert_-_WGA22807.jpg)
John the Baptist
Prophet
![Arius](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Saint_Nicholas_of_Myra_slapping_Arius_at_the_Council_of_Nicaea_Greek_Icon.jpg/400px-Saint_Nicholas_of_Myra_slapping_Arius_at_the_Council_of_Nicaea_Greek_Icon.jpg)
Arius
Cyrenaic Presbyter
![Nestorius](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5e/Nestorius_Hooghe_1688.png)
Nestorius
Archbishop of Constantinople
![Ebionites](https://i.pinimg.com/1200x/81/84/31/81843163ac105b5973b905f096759029.jpg)
Ebionites
Jewish Christian Sect
![John Wesley](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/John_Wesley_by_George_Romney.jpg/400px-John_Wesley_by_George_Romney.jpg)
John Wesley
Theologian
![Church Fathers](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Otsy.jpg/400px-Otsy.jpg)
Church Fathers
Christian Theologians and Writers
![James](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Saint_James_the_Just.jpg/400px-Saint_James_the_Just.jpg)
James
Brother of Jesus
![Augustine of Hippo](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Triunfo_de_San_Agust%C3%ADn.jpg/400px-Triunfo_de_San_Agust%C3%ADn.jpg)
Augustine of Hippo
Berber Theologian
![Gregory the Illuminator](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Gregory_the_Illuminator.jpg/400px-Gregory_the_Illuminator.jpg)
Gregory the Illuminator
Armenia Religious Leader
![Puritans](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/George-Henry-Boughton-Pilgrims-Going-To-Church.jpg/400px-George-Henry-Boughton-Pilgrims-Going-To-Church.jpg)
Puritans
English Protestants
![Thomas Aquinas](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/St-thomas-aquinas.jpg/400px-St-thomas-aquinas.jpg)
Thomas Aquinas
Philosopher
![Pope Gregory I](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Gregorythegreat.jpg/400px-Gregorythegreat.jpg)
Pope Gregory I
Bishop of Rome
![Benedict of Nursia](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Memling%2C_Trittico_di_Benedetto_Portinari%2C_San_Benedetto.jpg/400px-Memling%2C_Trittico_di_Benedetto_Portinari%2C_San_Benedetto.jpg)
Benedict of Nursia
Founder of the Benedictines
![Constantine the Great](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Dame-Schmuckkasten-Trier.jpg/400px-Dame-Schmuckkasten-Trier.jpg)
Constantine the Great
Roman Emperor
![John Wycliffe](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Wycliffe_by_Kirby.jpg/400px-Wycliffe_by_Kirby.jpg)
John Wycliffe
Catholic Priest
![Saint Lawrence](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/St._Lawrence_Distributing_the_Treasures_of_the_Church_-_Bernardo_Strozzi_-_Google_Cultural_Institute.jpg/400px-St._Lawrence_Distributing_the_Treasures_of_the_Church_-_Bernardo_Strozzi_-_Google_Cultural_Institute.jpg)
Saint Lawrence
Roman Deacon
- Barnett, Paul (2002). Jesus, the Rise of Early Christianity: A History of New Testament Times. InterVarsity Press. ISBN 0-8308-2699-8.
- Berard, Wayne Daniel (2006), When Christians Were Jews (That Is, Now), Cowley Publications, ISBN 1-56101-280-7
- Bermejo-Rubio, Fernando (2017). Feldt, Laura; Valk, Ülo (eds.). "The Process of Jesus' Deification and Cognitive Dissonance Theory". Numen. Leiden: Brill Publishers. 64 (2–3): 119–152. doi:10.1163/15685276-12341457. eISSN 1568-5276. ISSN 0029-5973. JSTOR 44505332. S2CID 148616605.
- Bird, Michael F. (2017), Jesus the Eternal Son: Answering Adoptionist Christology, Wim. B. Eerdmans Publishing
- Boatwright, Mary Taliaferro; Gargola, Daniel J.; Talbert, Richard John Alexander (2004), The Romans: From Village to Empire, Oxford University Press, ISBN 0-19-511875-8
- Bokenkotter, Thomas (2004), A Concise History of the Catholic Church (Revised and expanded ed.), Doubleday, ISBN 0-385-50584-1
- Brown, Schuyler. The Origins of Christianity: A Historical Introduction to the New Testament. Oxford University Press (1993). ISBN 0-19-826207-8
- Boyarin, Daniel (2012). The Jewish Gospels: the Story of the Jewish Christ. The New Press. ISBN 978-1-59558-878-4.
- Burkett, Delbert (2002), An Introduction to the New Testament and the Origins of Christianity, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-00720-7
- Cohen, Shaye J.D. (1987), From the Maccabees to the Mishnah, The Westminster Press, ISBN 0-664-25017-3
- Cox, Steven L.; Easley, Kendell H. (2007), Harmony of the Gospels, ISBN 978-0-8054-9444-0
- Croix, G. E. M. de Sainte (1963). "Why Were The Early Christians Persecuted?". Past and Present. 26 (1): 6–38. doi:10.1093/past/26.1.6.
- Croix, G. E. M. de Sainte (2006), Whitby, Michael (ed.), Christian Persecution, Martyrdom, And Orthodoxy, Oxford: Oxford University Press, ISBN 0-19-927812-1
- Cross, F. L.; Livingstone, E. A., eds. (2005), The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church (3rd Revised ed.), Oxford: Oxford University Press, doi:10.1093/acref/9780192802903.001.0001, ISBN 978-0-19-280290-3
- Cullmann, Oscar (1949), The Earliest Christian Confessions, translated by J. K. S. Reid, London: Lutterworth
- Cullmann, Oscar (1966), A. J. B. Higgins (ed.), The Early Church: Studies in Early Christian History and Theology, Philadelphia: Westminster
- Cwiekowski, Frederick J. (1988), The Beginnings of the Church, Paulist Press
- Dauphin, C. (1993), "De l'Église de la circoncision à l'Église de la gentilité – sur une nouvelle voie hors de l'impasse", Studium Biblicum Franciscanum. Liber Annuus XLIII, archived from the original on 9 March 2013
- Davidson, Ivor (2005), The Birth of the Church: From Jesus to Constantine, AD 30-312, Oxford
- Davies, W. D. (1965), Paul and Rabbinic Judaism (2nd ed.), London
- Draper, JA (2006). "The Apostolic Fathers: the Didache". Expository Times. Vol. 117, no. 5.
- Dunn, James D. G. (1982), The New Perspective on Paul. Manson Memorial Lecture, 4 november 1982
- Dunn, James D. G. (1999), Jews and Christians: The Parting of the Ways, AD 70 to 135, Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing, ISBN 0-8028-4498-7
- Dunn, James D. G. "The Canon Debate". In McDonald & Sanders (2002).
- Dunn, James D. G. (2005), Christianity in the Making: Jesus Remembered, vol. 1, Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing, ISBN 978-0-8028-3931-2
- Dunn, James D. G. (2009), Christianity in the Making: Beginning from Jerusalem, vol. 2, Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing, ISBN 978-0-8028-3932-9
- Dunn, James D. G. (Autumn 1993). "Echoes of Intra-Jewish Polemic in Paul's Letter to the Galatians". Journal of Biblical Literature. Society of Biblical Literature. 112 (3): 459–77. doi:10.2307/3267745. JSTOR 3267745.
- Eddy, Paul Rhodes; Boyd, Gregory A. (2007), The Jesus Legend: A Case for the Historical Reliability of the Synoptic Jesus Tradition, Baker Academic, ISBN 978-0-8010-3114-4
- Ehrman, Bart D. (2003), Lost Christianities: The Battles for Scripture and the Faiths We Never Knew, Oxford: Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-972712-4, LCCN 2003053097
- Ehrman, Bart D. (2005) [2003]. "At Polar Ends of the Spectrum: Early Christian Ebionites and Marcionites". Lost Christianities: The Battles for Scripture and the Faiths We Never Knew. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 95–112. ISBN 978-0-19-518249-1.
- Ehrman, Bart (2012), Did Jesus Exist?: The Historical Argument for Jesus of Nazareth, Harper Collins, ISBN 978-0-06-208994-6
- Ehrman, Bart (2014), How Jesus became God: The Exaltation of a Jewish Preacher from Galilee, Harper Collins
- Elwell, Walter; Comfort, Philip Wesley (2001), Tyndale Bible Dictionary, Tyndale House Publishers, ISBN 0-8423-7089-7
- Esler, Philip F. (2004), The Early Christian World, Routledge, ISBN 0-415-33312-1
- Finlan, Stephen (2004), The Background and Content of Paul's Cultic Atonement Metaphors, Society of Biblical Literature
- Franzen, August (1988), Kirchengeschichte
- Frassetto, Michael (2007). Heretic Lives: Medieval Heresy from Bogomil and the Cathars to Wyclif and Hus. London: Profile Books. pp. 7–198. ISBN 978-1-86197-744-1. OCLC 666953429. Retrieved 9 May 2022.
- Fredriksen, Paula (2018), When Christians Were Jews: The First Generation, New Haven and London: Yale University Press, ISBN 978-0-300-19051-9
- Grant, M. (1977), Jesus: An Historian's Review of the Gospels, New York: Scribner's
- Gundry, R.H. (1976), Soma in Biblical Theology, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
- Hunter, Archibald (1973), Works and Words of Jesus
- Hurtado, Larry W. (2004), Lord Jesus Christ: Devotion to Jesus in Earliest Christianity, Grand Rapids, Michigan and Cambridge, U.K.: Wm. B. Eerdmans, ISBN 978-0-8028-3167-5
- Hurtado, Larry W. (2005), How on Earth Did Jesus Become a God? Historical Questions about Earliest Devotion to Jesus, Grand Rapids, Michigan and Cambridge, U.K.: Wm. B. Eerdmans, ISBN 978-0-8028-2861-3
- Johnson, L.T., The Real Jesus, San Francisco, Harper San Francisco, 1996
- Keck, Leander E. (1988), Paul and His Letters, Fortress Press, ISBN 0-8006-2340-1
- Komarnitsky, Kris (2014), "Cognitive Dissonance and the Resurrection of Jesus", The Fourth R Magazine, 27 (5)
- Kremer, Jakob (1977), Die Osterevangelien – Geschichten um Geschichte, Stuttgart: Katholisches Bibelwerk
- Lawrence, Arren Bennet (2017), Comparative Characterization in the Sermon on the Mount: Characterization of the Ideal Disciple, Wipf and Stock Publishers
- Loke, Andrew Ter Ern (2017), The Origin of Divine Christology, vol. 169, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-1-108-19142-5
- Ludemann, Gerd, What Really Happened to Jesus? trans. J. Bowden, Louisville, Kentucky: Westminster John Knox Press, 1995
- Lüdemann, Gerd; Özen, Alf (1996), De opstanding van Jezus. Een historische benadering (Was mit Jesus wirklich geschah. Die Auferstehung historisch betrachtet), The Have/Averbode
- McDonald, L. M.; Sanders, J. A., eds. (2002), The Canon Debate, Hendrickson
- Mack, Burton L. (1995), Who wrote the New Testament? The making of the Christian myth, HarperSan Francisco, ISBN 978-0-06-065517-4
- Mack, Burton L. (1997) [1995], Wie schreven het Nieuwe Testament werkelijk? Feiten, mythen en motieven. (Who Wrote the New Testament? The Making of the Christian Myth), Uitgeverij Ankh-Hermes bv
- Maier, P. L. (1975), "The Empty Tomb as History", Christianity Today
- McGrath, Alister E. (2006), Christianity: An Introduction, Wiley-Blackwell, ISBN 1-4051-0899-1
- Milavec, Aaron (2003). The Didache: Faith, Hope, & Life of the Earliest Christian Communities, 50-70 C.E. Newman Press. ISBN 978-0-8091-0537-3.
- Moss, Candida (2012). "Current Trends in the Study of Early Christian Martyrdom". Bulletin for the Study of Religion. 41 (3): 22–29. doi:10.1558/bsor.v41i3.22.
- Netland, Harold (2001), Encountering Religious Pluralism: The Challenge to Christian Faith & Mission, InterVarsity Press
- Neufeld (1964), The Earliest Christian Confessions, Grand Rapids: Eerdmans
- O'Collins, Gerald (1978), What are They Saying About the Resurrection?, New York: Paulist Press
- Pagels, Elaine (2005), De Gnostische Evangelien (The Gnostic Gospels), Servire
- Pannenberg, Wolfhart (1968), Jesus – God and Man, translated by Lewis Wilkins; Duane Pribe, Philadelphia: Westminster
- Pao, David W. (2016), Acts and the Isaianic New Exodus, Wipf and Stock Publishers
- Redford, Douglas (2007), The Life and Ministry of Jesus: The Gospels, ISBN 978-0-7847-1900-8
- Rowland, Christopher (1985). Christian Origins: An Account of the Setting and Character of the Most Important Messianic Sect of Judaism. SPCK. ISBN 9780281041107.
- Smith, J. L. (September 1969). "Resurrection Faith Today" (PDF). Theological Studies. 30 (3): 393–419. doi:10.1177/004056396903000301. S2CID 170845348. Retrieved 10 February 2022.
- Stendahl, Krister (July 1963). "The Apostle Paul and the Introspective Conscience of the West" (PDF). Harvard Theological Review. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Harvard Divinity School. 56 (3): 199–215. doi:10.1017/S0017816000024779. ISSN 1475-4517. JSTOR 1508631. LCCN 09003793. OCLC 803348474. S2CID 170331485. Archived (PDF) from the original on 24 December 2021. Retrieved 12 February 2022.
- Tabor, James D. (1998), "Ancient Judaism: Nazarenes and Ebionites", The Jewish Roman World of Jesus, Department of Religious Studies at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte
- Talbert, Charles H. (2011), The Development of Christology during the First Hundred Years: and Other Essays on Early Christian Christology. Supplements to Novum Testamentum 140., Leiden: Brill Publishers
- Wilken, Robert Louis (2013). "Beginning in Jerusalem". The First Thousand Years: A Global History of Christianity. Choice Reviews Online. Vol. 50. New Haven and London: Yale University Press. pp. 6–16. doi:10.5860/choice.50-5552. ISBN 978-0-300-11884-1. JSTOR j.ctt32bd7m.5. LCCN 2012021755. S2CID 160590164. Retrieved 20 July 2021.
- Wilckens, Ulrich (1970), Auferstehung, Stuttgart and Berlin: Kreuz Verlag
- Wright, N.T. (1992), The New Testament and the People of God, Fortress Press, ISBN 0-8006-2681-8
- Wylen, Stephen M. (1995), The Jews in the Time of Jesus: An Introduction, Paulist Press, ISBN 0-8091-3610-4