Tarihin Netherlands

Tarihin Netherlands tarihi ne na masu safarar ruwa da ke bunƙasa a cikin ƙoramar ƙoramar ƙasa da ke kan Tekun Arewa a arewa maso yammacin Turai.Bayanai sun fara ne daga ƙarni huɗu a lokacin da yankin ya kafa yankin iyakar daular Roma.Hakan ya biyo bayan matsin lamba daga al'ummar Jamusawa da ke tafiya zuwa yamma.Yayin da ikon Romawa ya rushe kuma Tsakiyar Tsakiya ta fara, manyan al'ummomin Jamus guda uku sun haɗu a yankin, Frisians a arewa da yankunan bakin teku, Low Saxons a arewa maso gabas, da Franks a kudu.A lokacin tsakiyar zamanai, zuriyar daular Carolingian sun zo sun mamaye yankin sannan suka mika mulkinsu zuwa wani babban yanki na yammacin Turai.Yankin a zamanin yau wanda ya yi daidai da Netherlands don haka ya zama wani yanki na Loharingia Loharingia a cikin Daular Roman Mai Tsarki na Frankish.Tsawon ƙarnuka da yawa, sarakunan sarauta irin su Brabant, Holland, Zeeland, Friesland, Guelders da sauransu sun gudanar da canje-canjen faci na yankuna.Babu wani haɗe-haɗe daidai da Netherlands na zamani.A shekara ta 1433, Duke na Burgundy ya karɓi iko a kan mafi yawan yankunan ƙananan ƙasa a Lower Lotharingia;Ya halicci Burgundian Netherlands wanda ya haɗa da Netherlands na zamani, Belgium, Luxembourg, da wani yanki na Faransa .Sarakunan Katolika naSpain sun ɗauki matakai masu ƙarfi a kan addinin Furotesta, wanda ya sa al’ummar Beljiyom da Netherland a zamanin yau suka bambanta.Tawayen Holland da suka biyo baya ya haifar da rarrabuwa a cikin 1581 na Burgundian Netherlands zuwa Katolika, Faransanci da Dutch "Spanish Netherlands" (kimanin daidai da Belgium na zamani da Luxembourg), da kuma "Lardunan Ƙasar" na arewa (ko "Jamhuriyar Holland"). ), wanda ya yi magana da Yaren mutanen Holland kuma yawancin Furotesta ne.Ƙungiyar ta ƙarshe ta zama Netherlands ta zamani.A cikin zamanin Golden Age na Dutch, wanda ke da zenith a kusa da 1667, akwai furen kasuwanci, masana'antu, da kimiyya.Daular Dutch mai wadata a duniya ta haɓaka kuma Kamfanin Dutch Gabashin Indiya ya zama ɗaya daga cikin na farko kuma mafi mahimmanci na kamfanoni na ƙasa da ƙasa dangane da mamayewa, mulkin mallaka da kuma fitar da albarkatun waje.A cikin karni na goma sha takwas, iko, dukiya da tasiri na Netherlands sun ragu.Yaƙe-yaƙe da aka yi da maƙwabtan Burtaniya da Faransawa masu ƙarfi sun raunana shi.Turawan Ingila sun kwace yankin Arewacin Amurka na New Amsterdam, suka sake masa suna "New York".Ana ta samun tashe-tashen hankula da rigingimu tsakanin ‘yan Orgaji da ‘yan kishin kasa.Juyin juya halin Faransa ya barke bayan 1789, kuma an kafa Jamhuriyar Batavia mai goyon bayan Faransa a 1795-1806.Napoleon ya mai da shi jihar tauraron dan adam, Masarautar Holland (1806-1810), kuma daga baya kawai lardin daular Faransa.Bayan cin nasarar Napoleon a cikin 1813-1815, an ƙirƙiri "Ƙasar Ƙasar Netherlands" da aka fadada tare da House of Orange a matsayin sarakuna, wanda ke mulkin Belgium da Luxembourg.Sarkin ya kafa gyare-gyaren Furotesta da ba sa so a Belgium, wanda ya yi tawaye a shekara ta 1830 kuma ya sami 'yancin kai a 1839. Bayan lokacin ra'ayin mazan jiya na farko, bayan gabatar da kundin tsarin mulki na 1848, ƙasar ta zama dimokuradiyya ta majalisar dokoki tare da mulkin tsarin mulki.Luxembourg ta zamani ta samu ’yancin kai a hukumance daga Netherlands a shekara ta 1839, amma haɗin kai ya kasance har zuwa 1890. Tun 1890, wani reshe na House of Nassau ne ke mulkinta.Netherlands ta kasance tsaka tsaki a lokacin yakin duniya na farko , amma a lokacin yakin duniya na biyu , Jamus ta mamaye ta kuma ta mamaye ta .Indonesiya ta shelanta 'yancin kai daga Netherlands a cikin 1945, sannan Suriname ta biyo baya a 1975. Shekaru bayan yakin sun sami farfadowa cikin sauri na tattalin arziki (Taimakawa da Shirin Marshall Plan na Amurka), sannan kuma gabatar da tsarin jindadi a lokacin zaman lafiya da wadata.