Βαλκανικοί Πόλεμοι
Πρόλογος
Βαλκανική Λίγκα
Μάχη του Yenidje
Μάχη του Πρίλεπ
Μάχη Μοναστηρίου
Μάχη Καλιακάρας
Μάχη του Bulair
Μάχη στο Μπιζάνι
Ρωσική Διαιτησία
Επίλογος
χαρακτήρες
υποσημειώσεις
βιβλιογραφικές αναφορές
Επισκεφθείτε το κατάστημα
Πρόλογος
BalkansΠροοπτική των Μεγάλων Δυνάμεων
AustriaΠροβαλκανικές συνθήκες πολέμου
BalkansΑλβανική εξέγερση του 1912
Skopje, North MacedoniaΗ Αλβανική εξέγερση του 1912, γνωστή και ως Αλβανικός Πόλεμος της Ανεξαρτησίας, ήταν η τελευταία εξέγερση ενάντια στην κυριαρχία της Οθωμανικής Αυτοκρατορίας στην Αλβανία και διήρκεσε από τον Ιανουάριο έως τον Αύγουστο του 1912. [100] Η εξέγερση έληξε όταν η οθωμανική κυβέρνηση συμφώνησε να εκπληρώσει τους επαναστάτες απαιτεί στις 4 Σεπτεμβρίου 1912. Γενικά, οι Μουσουλμάνοι Αλβανοί πολέμησαν κατά των Οθωμανών στον επερχόμενο Βαλκανικό Πόλεμο.
Βαλκανική Λίγκα
BalkansΗ κατάσταση της Οθωμανικής Αυτοκρατορίας
Edirne, Edirne Merkez/Edirne,Αρχίζει ο Α' Βαλκανικός Πόλεμος
Shkodra, AlbaniaΜάχη του Κάρτζαλι
Kardzhali, BulgariaΜάχη του Kirk Kilisse
Kırklareli, TurkeyBattle of Pente Pigadia
Pente Pigadia, GreeceΜάχη Σαραντάπορου
Sarantaporo, GreeceΜάχη του Κουμάνοβο
Kumanovo, North MacedoniaΠολιορκία του Σκουτάρι
Shkodër, AlbaniaΜάχη του Λουλ Μπουργκάς
Lüleburgaz, Kırklareli, TürkiyΜάχη του Σόροβιτς
Amyntaio, GreeceΜάχη του Yenidje
Giannitsa, GreeceΜάχη του Πρίλεπ
Prilep, North MacedoniaΠολιορκία της Αδριανούπολης
Edirne, Edirne Merkez/Edirne,Η Θεσσαλονίκη παραδίδεται στην Ελλάδα
Thessaloniki, GreeceΜάχη Μοναστηρίου
Bitola, North MacedoniaΠρώτη μάχη της Καταλκά
Çatalca, İstanbul, TürkiyeΕξέγερση της Χιμάρας
Himara, AlbaniaΗ Αυστροουγγαρία απειλεί με πόλεμο
Vienna, AustriaΜάχη Καλιακάρας
Cape Kaliakra, Kavarna, BulgarΗ Ελλάδα παίρνει τη Λέσβο
Lesbos, GreeceΗ Ελλάδα παίρνει τη Χίο
Chios, GreeceΟι Οθωμανοί χάνουν τη Δυτική Θράκη
Peplos, GreeceΗ Αλβανία κηρύσσει την ανεξαρτησία της
AlbaniaΑνακωχή, πραξικόπημα και επανεκκίνηση του πολέμου
London, UKΤο Ελληνικό Ναυτικό νίκησε το Οθωμανικό Ναυτικό
Dardanelles Strait, TürkiyeCapture of Korytsa
Korçë, AlbaniaΕλληνική κυριαρχία στο Αιγαίο
Lemnos, GreeceΜάχη του Bulair
Bolayir, Bolayır/Gelibolu/ÇanaΟθωμανική Αντεπίθεση
Gallipoli/Çanakkale, TürkiyeΜάχη στο Μπιζάνι
Bizani, GreeceΆλωση της Αδριανούπολης
Edirne, Edirne Merkez/Edirne,Τελειώνει ο Α' Βαλκανικός Πόλεμος
London, UKΣερβία-Ελληνική Συμμαχία
GreeceΡωσική Διαιτησία
RussiaΣύνοψη του Β' Βαλκανικού Πολέμου
BalkansΜάχη της Μπρεγκάλνιτσα
Bregalnica, North MacedoniaΗ Μάχη της Μπρεγκάλνιτσα είναι ένα συλλογικό όνομα για τις μάχες μεταξύ Σερβικών και Βουλγαρικών στρατευμάτων κατά μήκος της μεσαίας ροής του Βαρδάρη, της έκτασης του ποταμού Μπρεγκάλνιτσα και των πλαγιών του όρους Osogovo μεταξύ 30 Ιουνίου - 9 Ιουλίου 1913, οι οποίες έληξαν με υποχώρηση. των Βουλγάρων στο χωριό Τσάρεβο.
Battle of Kilkis–Lachanas
Kilkis, GreeceΜάχη του Knjaževac
Knjazevac, SerbiaΟι Ρουμάνοι εισβάλλουν στη Βουλγαρία
Dobrogea, MoldovaΠολιορκία του Βιντίν
Vidin, BulgariaΜάχη του Καλιμάντσι
Kalimanci, North MacedoniaΟθωμανική παρέμβαση
Edirne, TürkiyeΜάχη του φαραγγιού της Κρέσνας
Kresna Gorge, BulgariaΣυνθήκη του Βουκουρεστίου
Bucharest, RomaniaΣυνθήκη της Κωνσταντινούπολης
İstanbul, TürkiyeΕπίλογος
BalkansCharacters
Footnotes
- Clark 2013, pp. 45, 559.
- Hall 2000.
- Winston Churchill (1931). The World Crisis, 1911-1918. Thornton Butterworth. p. 278.
- Helmreich 1938.
- M.S. Anderson, The Eastern Question, 1774-1923: A Study in International Relations (1966)
- J. A. R. Marriott, The Eastern Question An Historical Study In European Diplomacy (1940), pp 408-63.
- Anderson, Frank Maloy; Hershey, Amos Shartle (1918). Handbook for the Diplomatic History of Europe, Asia, and Africa 1870-1914. Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office.
- Ιστορία του Ελληνικού Έθνους [History of the Hellenic Nation] (in Greek) (Vol. 14 ed.). Athens, Greece: Ekdotiki Athinon. 1974. ISBN 9789602131107
- Hall, Richard C. (2000). The Balkan Wars 1912-1913.
- Kargakos 2012, pp. 79-81.
- Oikonomou 1977, p. 295.
- Apostolidis 1913, p. 266.
- Kargakos 2012, p. 81.
- Kargakos 2012, pp. 81-82.
- Иванов, Балканската война, стр. 43-44
- Иванов, Балканската война, стр. 60
- Войната между България и Турция, Т. V, стр. 151-152
- Войната между България и Турция, Т. V, стр. 153-156
- Войната между България и Турция, Т. V, стр. 157-163
- Oikonomou 1977, pp. 304-305.
- Kargakos 2012, p. 114.
- Hellenic Army General Staff 1991, p. 31.
- Hellenic Army General Staff 1991, p. 32.
- Oikonomou 1977, p. 304.
- Kargakos 2012, p. 115.
- В. Мир, № 3684, 15. X. 1912.
- Encyclopedic Lexicon Mosaic of Knowledge - History 1970, p. 363.
- Ratković, Đurišić & Skoko 1972, p. 83.
- Ratković, Đurišić & Skoko 1972, p. 87.
- Leskovac, Foriskovic, and Popov (2004), p. 176.
- Vickers, Miranda (1999). The Albanians: A Modern History, p. 71.
- Uli, Prenk (1995). Hasan Riza Pasha: Mbrojtës i Shkodrës në Luftën Ballkanike, 1912-1913, p. 26.
- Dašić, Miomir (1998). King Nikola - Personality, Work, and Time, p. 321.
- Grewe, Wilhelm Georg (2000). Byers, Michael (ed.). The Epochs of International Law. Walter de Gruyter. p. 529. ISBN 9783110153392.
- Pearson, Owen (2004). Albania and King Zog: Independence, Republic and Monarchy 1908-1939, p. 41.
- Uli (1995), pp. 34-40.
- Vlora, Eqerem bej (1973). Lebenserinnerungen (Memoirs). Munich.
- Dimitracopoulos, Anastasios (1992). The First Balkan War Through the Pages of Review L'Illustration. Athens: Hellenic Committee of Military History. ASIN B004UBUA4Q, p. 44.
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- Kargakos 2012, pp. 79-81.
- Oikonomou 1977, p. 295.
- Kargakos 2012, p. 66.
- Hellenic Army General Staff (1987). Concise History of the Balkan Wars 1912-1913. Athens: Hellenic Army General Staff, Army History Directorate. OCLC 51846788, p. 67.
- Monroe, Will Seymour (1914). Bulgaria and her People: With an Account of the Balkan wars, Macedonia, and the Macedonia Bulgars, p.114.
- Harbottle, T.B.; Bruce, George (1979). Harbottle's Dictionary of Battles (2nd ed.). Granada. ISBN 0-246-11103-8, p. 11.
- Hall, pp. 50–51.
- Jaques, T.; Showalter, D.E. (2007). Dictionary of Battles and Sieges: F-O. Dictionary of Battles and Sieges: A Guide to 8,500 Battles from Antiquity Through the Twenty-first Century. Greenwood Press, p. 674.
- Vŭchkov, Aleksandŭr. (2005). The Balkan War 1912-1913. Angela. ISBN 954-90587-4-3, pp. 99-103.
- Sakellariou, M. V. (1997). Epirus, 4000 Years of Greek history and Civilization. Athens: Ekdotike Athenon. ISBN 9789602133712, p. 367.
- Paschalidou, Efpraxia S. (2014). "From the Mürzsteg Agreement to the Epirus Front, 1903-1913", p. 7.
- Erickson, Edward J. (2003). Defeat in Detail: The Ottoman Army in the Balkans, 1912–1913. Westport, CT: Greenwood. ISBN 0-275-97888-5, p. 157.
- Erickson 2003, pp. 157–158.
- Kargakos 2012, p. 194.
- Kargakos 2012, p. 193.
- Erickson 2003, pp. 157–158.
- M. Türker Acaroğlu, Bulgaristan Türkleri Üzerine Araştırmalar, Cilt 1, Kültür Bakanlığı, 1999, p. 198.
- Petsalēs-Diomēdēs, N. (1919). Greece at the Paris Peace Conference
- Hall (2000), p. 83.
- Erickson (2003), p. 304.
- Joachim G. Joachim, Bibliopolis, 2000, Ioannis Metaxas: The Formative Years 1871-1922, p 131.
- The war between Bulgaria and Turkey 1912–1913, Volume V, Ministry of War 1930, p.1057
- Zafirov – Зафиров, Д., Александров, Е., История на Българите: Военна история, София, 2007, ISBN 954-528-752-7, Zafirov p. 444
- Erickson (2003), p. 281
- Turkish General Staff, Edirne Kalesi Etrafindaki Muharebeler, p286
- Зафиров, Д., Александров, Е., История на Българите: Военна история, София, 2007, Труд, ISBN 954-528-752-7, p.482
- Зафиров, Д., Александров, Е., История на Българите: Военна история, София, 2007, Труд, ISBN 954-528-752-7> Zafirov – p. 383
- The war between Bulgaria and Turkey 1912–1913, Volume V, Ministry of War 1930, p. 1053
- Seton-Watson, pp. 210–238
- Balkan crises, Texas.net, archived from the original on 7 November 2009.
- Hall (2000), p. 97.
- Crampton, Richard (1987). A short history of modern Bulgaria. Cambridge University Press. p. 62. ISBN 978-0-521-27323-7.
- Hall (2000), p. 104.
- Hall (2000), p. 117.
- Hall (2000), p. 120.
- Hall (2000), p. 121.
- Hristov, A. (1945). Historic overview of the war of Bulgaria against all Balkan countries in 1913, pp. 180–185.
- Hristov (1945), pp. 187–188.
- Hristov (1945), pp. 194–195.
- Darvingov (1925), pp. 704, 707, 712–713, 715.
- Hellenic Army General Staff (1998), p. 254.
- Hellenic Army General Staff (1998), p. 257.
- Hellenic Army General Staff (1998), p. 259.
- Hellenic Army General Staff (1998), p. 260.
- Bakalov, Georgi (2007). History of the Bulgarians: The Military History of the Bulgarians from Ancient Times until Present Day, p. 450.
- Hellenic Army General Staff (1998), p. 261.
- Price, W.H.Crawfurd (1914). The Balkan Cockpit, the Political and Military Story of the Balkan Wars in Macedonia. T.W. Laurie, p. 336.
- Hall (2000), p. 121-122.
- Bakalov, p. 452
- Hellenic Army General Staff (1998), p. 262.
- Hall (2000), pp. 123–24.
- "Turkey in the First World War – Balkan Wars". Turkeyswar.com.
- Grenville, John (2001). The major international treaties of the twentieth century. Taylor & Francis. p. 50. ISBN 978-0-415-14125-3.
- Hall (2000), p. 125-126.
- Önder, Selahattin (6 August 2018). "Balkan devletleriyle Türkiye arasındaki nüfus mübadeleleri(1912-1930)" (in Turkish): 27–29.
- Kemal Karpat (1985), Ottoman Population, 1830-1914, Demographic and Social Characteristics, The University of Wisconsin Press, p. 168-169.
- Hall (2000), p. 125.
- Carnegie report, The Serbian Army during the Second Balkan War, p.45
- Hall (2000), p. 119.
- Dennis, Brad (3 July 2019). "Armenians and the Cleansing of Muslims 1878–1915: Influences from the Balkans". Journal of Muslim Minority Affairs. 39 (3): 411–431
- Taru Bahl; M.H. Syed (2003). "The Balkan Wars and creation of Independent Albania". Encyclopaedia of the Muslim World. New Delhi: Anmol publications PVT. Ltd. p. 53. ISBN 978-81-261-1419-1.
References
Bibliography
- Clark, Christopher (2013). "Balkan Entanglements". The Sleepwalkers: How Europe Went to War in 1914. HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-06-219922-5.
- Erickson, Edward J. (2003). Defeat in Detail: The Ottoman Army in the Balkans, 1912–1913. Westport, CT: Greenwood. ISBN 0-275-97888-5.
- Fotakis, Zisis (2005). Greek Naval Strategy and Policy, 1910–1919. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-35014-3.
- Hall, Richard C. (2000). The Balkan Wars, 1912–1913: Prelude to the First World War. London: Routledge. ISBN 0-415-22946-4.
- Helmreich, Ernst Christian (1938). The Diplomacy of the Balkan Wars, 1912–1913. Harvard University Press. ISBN 9780674209008.
- Hooton, Edward R. (2014). Prelude to the First World War: The Balkan Wars 1912–1913. Fonthill Media. ISBN 978-1-78155-180-6.
- Langensiepen, Bernd; Güleryüz, Ahmet (1995). The Ottoman Steam Navy, 1828–1923. London: Conway Maritime Press/Bloomsbury. ISBN 0-85177-610-8.
- Mazower, Mark (2005). Salonica, City of Ghosts. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. ISBN 0375727388.
- Michail, Eugene. "The Balkan Wars in Western Historiography, 1912–2012." in Katrin Boeckh and Sabine Rutar, eds. The Balkan Wars from Contemporary Perception to Historic Memory (Palgrave Macmillan, Cham, 2016) pp. 319–340. online[dead link]
- Murray, Nicholas (2013). The Rocky Road to the Great War: the Evolution of Trench Warfare to 1914. Dulles, Virginia, Potomac Books ISBN 978-1-59797-553-7
- Pettifer, James. War in the Balkans: Conflict and Diplomacy Before World War I (IB Tauris, 2015).
- Ratković, Borislav (1975). Prvi balkanski rat 1912–1913: Operacije srpskih snaga [First Balkan War 1912–1913: Operations of Serbian Forces]. Istorijski institut JNA. Belgrade: Vojnoistorijski Institut.
- Schurman, Jacob Gould (2004). The Balkan Wars, 1912 to 1913. Whitefish, MT: Kessinger. ISBN 1-4191-5345-5.
- Seton-Watson, R. W. (2009) [1917]. The Rise of Nationality in the Balkans. Charleston, SC: BiblioBazaar. ISBN 978-1-113-88264-6.
- Stavrianos, Leften Stavros (2000). The BALKANS since 1453. New York University Press. ISBN 978-0-8147-9766-2. Retrieved 20 May 2020.
- Stojančević, Vladimir (1991). Prvi balkanski rat: okrugli sto povodom 75. godišnjice 1912–1987, 28. i 29. oktobar 1987. Srpska akademija nauka i umetnosti. ISBN 9788670251427.
- Trix, Frances. "Peace-mongering in 1913: the Carnegie International Commission of Inquiry and its Report on the Balkan Wars." First World War Studies 5.2 (2014): 147–162.
- Uyar, Mesut; Erickson, Edward (2009). A Military History of the Ottomans: From Osman to Atatürk. Santa Barbara, CA: Praeger Security International. ISBN 978-0-275-98876-0.
Further Reading
- Antić, Čedomir. Ralph Paget: a diplomat in Serbia (Institute for Balkan Studies, Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, 2006) online free.
- Army History Directorate (Greece) (1998). A concise history of the Balkan Wars, 1912–1913. Army History Directorate. ISBN 978-960-7897-07-7.
- Bataković, Dušan T., ed. (2005). Histoire du peuple serbe [History of the Serbian People] (in French). Lausanne: L’Age d’Homme. ISBN 9782825119587.
- Bobroff, Ronald. (2000) "Behind the Balkan Wars: Russian Policy toward Bulgaria and the Turkish Straits, 1912–13." Russian Review 59.1 (2000): 76–95 online[dead link]
- Boeckh, Katrin, and Sabine Rutar. eds. (2020) The Wars of Yesterday: The Balkan Wars and the Emergence of Modern Military Conflict, 1912–13 (2020)
- Boeckh, Katrin; Rutar, Sabina (2017). The Balkan Wars from Contemporary Perception to Historic Memory. Springer. ISBN 978-3-319-44641-7.
- Ćirković, Sima (2004). The Serbs. Malden: Blackwell Publishing. ISBN 9781405142915.
- Crampton, R. J. (1980). The hollow detente: Anglo-German relations in the Balkans, 1911–1914. G. Prior. ISBN 978-0-391-02159-4.
- Dakin, Douglas. (1962) "The diplomacy of the Great Powers and the Balkan States, 1908-1914." Balkan Studies 3.2 (1962): 327–374. online
- Farrar Jr, Lancelot L. (2003) "Aggression versus apathy: the limits of nationalism during the Balkan wars, 1912-1913." East European Quarterly 37.3 (2003): 257.
- Ginio, Eyal. The Ottoman Culture of Defeat: The Balkan Wars and their Aftermath (Oxford UP, 2016) 377 pp. online review
- Hall, Richard C. ed. War in the Balkans: An Encyclopedic History from the Fall of the Ottoman Empire to the Breakup of Yugoslavia (2014)
- Howard, Harry N. "The Balkan Wars in perspective: their significance for Turkey." Balkan Studies 3.2 (1962): 267–276 online.
- Jelavich, Barbara (1983). History of the Balkans: Twentieth Century. Vol. 2. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521274593.
- Király, Béla K.; Rothenberg, Gunther E. (1987). War and Society in East Central Europe: East Central European Society and the Balkan Wars. Brooklyn College Press. ISBN 978-0-88033-099-2.
- MacMillan, Margaret (2013). "The First Balkan Wars". The War That Ended Peace: The Road to 1914. Random House Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-8129-9470-4.
- Meyer, Alfred (1913). Der Balkankrieg, 1912-13: Unter Benutzung zuverlässiger Quellen kulturgeschichtlich und militärisch dargestellt. Vossische Buchhandlung.
- Rossos, Andrew (1981). Russia and the Balkans: inter-Balkan rivalries and Russian foreign policy, 1908–1914. University of Toronto Press. ISBN 9780802055163.
- Rudić, Srđan; Milkić, Miljan (2013). Balkanski ratovi 1912–1913: Nova viđenja i tumačenja [The Balkan Wars 1912/1913: New Views and Interpretations]. Istorijski institut, Institut za strategijska istrazivanja. ISBN 978-86-7743-103-7.
- Schurman, Jacob Gould (1914). The Balkan Wars 1912–1913 (1st ed.). Princeton University.