Maratha Confederacy

Kalmar Maratha tana magana a sarari ga duk masu magana da yaren Marathi.Kabilar Maratha ƙabilar Marathi ƙabilar Marathi ce da aka samo asali a ƙarni na farko daga haɗuwar iyalai daga ƙauye (Kunbi), makiyayi (Dhangar), makiyaya (Gawli), maƙera (Lohar), Sutar (masassaƙi), Bhandari, Thakar da Koli. Zaune a Maharashtra.Yawancinsu sun ɗauki aikin soja a ƙarni na 16 don sarakunan Deccan ko Mughals .Daga baya a cikin ƙarni na 17 da 18, sun yi aiki a cikin sojojin daular Maratha, wanda Shivaji ya kafa, Maratha ta ƙabila.Yawancin Marathas an ba su gadon gado ta Sultanates, da Moghuls saboda hidimarsu.

Shivaji ya jagoranci juriya don 'yantar da mutane daga Sultanate na Bijapur a shekara ta 1645 ta hanyar lashe katangar Torna, sannan ya biyo baya da yawa, ya sanya yankin karkashin ikonsa kuma ya kafa Hindavi Swarajya (mallakar Hindu).Ya kafa masarautar Maratha mai zaman kanta tare da Raigad a matsayin babban birninta

Sarki Shivaji ya makale a sansanin Panhala, a karkashin kawanya kuma ya fi karfin sojojin Adilshahi karkashin jagorancin wani Abyssiniya mai suna Siddi Masud.Baji Prabhu Deshpande ya yi nasarar hada wata babbar runduna ta Adilshahi tare da sojoji 300, yayin da Shivaji ya yi nasarar tserewa harin.Yaƙin Pävankhind wani tsayayye ne na ƙarshe na baya wanda ya faru a ranar 13 ga Yuli 1660 a wata hanya ta tsaunuka da ke kusa da garu Vishalgad, kusa da garin Kolhapur, Maharashtra,Indiya tsakanin Jarumin Maratha Baji Prabhu Deshpande da Siddi Masud na Adilshah Sultanate.Haɗin kai ya ƙare tare da lalata sojojin Maratha, da kuma nasara ta dabara ga Bijapur Sultanate, amma rashin samun nasara mai dabara.

A cikin 1652, Majalisar Surat ta Daular Biritaniya ta bukaci Kamfanin British East India Company ya sayi Bombay daga Portuguese .A cikin 1654, Kamfanin Birtaniya na Gabashin Indiya ya ja hankalin Oliver Cromwell , Ubangiji mai kare gajeriyar rayuwa ta Commonwealth, ga wannan shawarar da Majalisar Surat ta yi, yana mai da hankali sosai a kan kyakkyawar tashar jiragen ruwa da keɓewar yanayi daga hare-haren ƙasa.A tsakiyar karni na goma sha bakwai karfin daular Holand ta samu ya tilastawa turawan Ingila samun tasha a yammacin Indiya.A tsakiyar karni na goma sha bakwai karfin daular Holand ta samu ya tilastawa turawan Ingila samun tasha a yammacin Indiya.A ranar 11 ga Mayun 1661, daurin auren Charles II na Ingila da Catherine na Braganza, 'yar Sarki John IV na Portugal, ta sanya Bombay a mallakin daular Burtaniya, a matsayin wani bangare na sadakin Catherine ga Charles.

A 1666, Aurangzeb ya kira Shivaji zuwa Agra (ko da yake wasu kafofin maimakon jihar Delhi), tare da dansa Sambhaji mai shekaru tara.Shirin Aurangzeb shi ne ya aika Shivaji zuwa Kandahar, a yanzu a Afganistan, domin ya daidaita iyakar daular Mughal ta arewa maso yammacin kasar.Duk da haka, a cikin kotu, a ranar 12 ga Mayu 1666, Aurangzeb ya sa Shivaji ya tsaya a bayan mansabdārs (kwamandojin soji) na kotunsa.Shivaji ya fusata ya fice daga kotu, kuma nan da nan aka tsare shi a gida a karkashin kulawar Faulad Khan, Kotwal na Agra.Shivaji ya yi nasarar tserewa daga Agra, watakila ta hanyar ba wa masu gadi cin hanci, duk da cewa sarkin bai taba iya tantance yadda ya tsere ba duk da bincike da aka yi.Wani sanannen labari ya ce Shivaji ya yi safarar kansa da ɗansa daga gida a cikin manyan kwanduna, ya yi iƙirarin cewa shi kayan zaki ne da aka ba wa masu addini a birnin.

A ranar 21 ga Satumba, 1668, Yarjejeniya ta Sarauta ta 27 Maris 1668, ta kai ga canja wurin Bombay daga Charles II zuwa Kamfanin Ingila na Gabashin Indiya don hayar shekara ta £10.Sir George Oxenden ya zama Gwamnan Bombay na farko a karkashin mulkin Kamfanin Ingila na Gabashin Indiya.Gerald Aungier, wanda ya zama Gwamnan Bombay a watan Yuli 1669, ya kafa na'ura mai kwakwalwa da kuma buga littattafai a Bombay kuma ya haɓaka tsibiran zuwa cibiyar kasuwanci.

Shivaji ya mallaki filaye da dukiya mai yawa ta hanyar yakin neman zabe, amma bai da wani suna, har yanzu a fasahance shi Mughal zamindar ne ko kuma dan Bijapuri jagirdar, ba tare da wani dalili na shari'a da zai iya mulkin yankinsa ba.Taken sarauta zai iya magance wannan kuma ya hana duk wani ƙalubale daga sauran shugabannin Maratha, waɗanda a zahiri ya yi daidai da su.Hakanan zai samar da Marathas na Hindu tare da wani ɗan'uwa mai mulkin Hindu a yankin da musulmi ba su yi mulki ba.Shivaji ya samu sarautar Sarkin Maratha Swaraj a wani gagarumin biki a ranar 6 ga Yuni 1674 a Raigad Fort.

Akwai rashin ƙarfi a cikin daular Mughal , wanda ya haifar da mutuwar Aurangzeb a cikin 1707, da na magajinsa Bahadur Shah, wanda ya haifar da rikice-rikice na tsaka-tsakin tsaka-tsaki tsakanin dangin sarki da manyan manyan Mughal.Yayin da Mughal ke da ban sha'awa a yakin basasar da aka yi tsakanin bangarorin Shahu da Tarabai, Maratha da kansu sun zama babban jigon fada tsakanin Sarki da Sayyadi.

Shahu Bhosale I shine Chhatrapati na biyar na daular Maratha wanda kakansa, Shivaji Maharaj ya kirkira.Shahu, yana yaro, Mughal sardar, Zulfikar Khan Nusrat Jang, ya kama shi tare da mahaifiyarsa a shekara ta 1689 bayan yakin Raigarh (1689).Bayan mutuwar Aurangzeb a shekara ta 1707, Bahadur Shah I, sabon sarkin Mughal ya sake Shahu.Mughals sun saki Shahu da rundunar mutane hamsin, suna tunanin cewa shugaban Maratha abokantaka zai kasance abokin tarayya mai amfani da kuma tada yakin basasa tsakanin Marathas.Wannan dabara ta yi aiki yayin da Shahu ya yi wani ɗan gajeren yaƙi tare da innarsa Tarabai a cikin rikici tsakanin juna don samun sarautar Maratha a 1708. Duk da haka, Mughals sun sami kansu tare da abokan gaba mafi karfi a Shahu Maharaj.Karkashin mulkin Shahu, ikon Maratha da tasirinsa ya kai dukkan kusurwowin yankin Indiya.A zamanin mulkin Shahu, Raghoji Bhosale ya fadada daular zuwa gabas, har ya kai ga Bengal a yau.Khanderao Dabhade da ɗansa, Triambakrao, sun faɗaɗa ta Yamma zuwa Gujarat.Peshwa Bajirao da sarakunansa guda uku, Pawar (Dhar), Holkar (Indore), da Scindia (Gwalior), sun fadada shi zuwa Arewa har zuwa Attock.Duk da haka, bayan mutuwarsa, mulki ya koma daga Chhatrapati mai mulki zuwa ga ministocinsa (Peshwas) da kuma janar-janar da suka zana nasu fiefdom kamar Bhonsle na Nagpur, Gaekwad na Baroda, Sindhia na Gwalior da Holkar na Indore.

A wannan zamanin, Peshwas na dangin Bhat ne ke iko da Sojojin Maratha kuma daga baya ya zama sarakunan daular Maratha har zuwa shekara ta 1772. A cikin lokaci mai tsawo, daular Maratha ta mamaye yawancin yankin Indiya.Shahu ya nada Peshwa Balaji Vishwanath a shekara ta 1713. Tun daga lokacinsa, ofishin Peshwa ya zama mafi girma yayin da Shahu ya zama shugaba.A shekara ta 1719, sojojin Marathas sun yi tattaki zuwa Delhi bayan da suka fatattaki Sayyid Hussain Ali, gwamnan Mughal na Deccan, suka hambarar da sarkin Mughal.Sarakunan Mughal sun zama 'yan tsana a hannun masu mulkin Maratha tun daga wannan lokacin.Mughals sun zama ƴan tsana na Marathas kuma sun ba da kashi ɗaya bisa huɗu na jimlar kuɗin shiga a matsayin Chauth da ƙarin 10% don kare su.

An nada Baji Rao Peshwa, ya gaji mahaifinsa, ta hannun Shahu a ranar 17 ga Afrilu 1720. A cikin aikin soja na shekaru 20, bai taba yin rashin nasara a yaki ba, kuma ana daukarsa a matsayin babban janar na sojan doki na Indiya.Baji Rao shine mutumin da aka fi yin bikin bayan Shivaji a tarihin Masarautar Maratha.Nasarorin da ya samu su ne tabbatar da martabar Maratha a Kudu da kuma siyasar Arewa.A lokacin aikinsa na shekaru 20 a matsayin Peshwa, ya ci Nizam-ul-Mulk a yakin Palkhed kuma yana da alhakin kafa ikon Maratha a Malwa, Bundelkhand, Gujarat, a matsayin mai fansar Konkan daga Siddis na Janjira kuma mai 'yantar da bakin tekun yamma daga mulkin Portuguese .

Tsabar wannan yaƙin ya tafi shekara ta 1713, lokacin da Maratha King Shahu, ya nada Balaji Vishwanath a matsayin Peshwa ko Firayim Minista.A cikin shekaru goma, Balaji ya yi nasarar fitar da wani yanki da dukiya mai yawa daga cikin daular Mughal da ta wargaje.A cikin 1724, ikon Mughal ya ƙare, kuma Asaf Jah I, Nizam na 1st na Hyderabad ya ayyana kansa mai zaman kansa daga mulkin Mughal, ta haka ya kafa nasa mulkin da aka sani da Hyderabad Deccan.Nizam ya shirya game da ƙarfafa lardin ta hanyar yunƙurin sarrafa tasirin tasirin Marathas.Ya yi amfani da haɓakar polarization mai girma a cikin Masarautar Maratha saboda da'awar taken Sarki da Shahu da Sambhaji II na Kolhapur suka yi.Nizam ya fara tallafawa ƙungiyar Sambhaji II, wanda ya fusata Shahu wanda aka yi shelar a matsayin Sarki.An yi yakin Palked a ranar 28 ga Fabrairu, 1728 a ƙauyen Palkhed, kusa da birnin Nashik, Maharashtra, Indiya tsakanin Masarautar Maratha Peshwa, Baji Rao I da Nizam-ul-Mulk, Asaf Jah I na Hyderabad. Marathas sun ci Nizam.

A ranar 12 ga Nuwamba, 1736, Janar Maratha Bajirao ya ci gaba a Old Delhi don kai hari a babban birnin Mughal.Sarkin Mughal Muhammad Shah ya aika Saadat Ali Khan I tare da sojoji 150,000 don dakatar da ci gaban Maratha a Delhi.Muhammad Shah ya aika Mir Hasan Khan Koka tare da sojoji domin su tare Bajirao.Mughal sun fuskanci mummunan harin Maratha, kuma sun rasa rabin sojojinsu, wanda ya tilasta musu su nemi duk shugabannin yankin da su taimaka wajen yaki da sojojin Marathas.Yakin ya nuna kara fadada daular Maratha zuwa arewa.Marathas ya fitar da manyan magudanan ruwa daga Mughals, kuma sun sanya hannu kan wata yarjejeniya wacce ta mika Malwa ga Marathas.Rikicin Maratha na Delhi ya raunana daular Mughal, wanda ya kara rauni bayan mamayewar Nadir Shah a 1739 da Ahmad Shah Abdali a cikin 1750s.

A cikin 1737, Marathas sun mamaye iyakokin arewa na daular Mughal, har zuwa bayan Delhi, Bajirao ya ci sojojin Mughal a nan kuma suna komawa zuwa Pune.Sarkin Mughal ya nemi tallafi daga Nizam.Nizam sun katse Marathas yayin tafiya ta dawowa.Sojojin biyu sun yi arangama a kusa da Bhopal.Yaƙin Bhopal, an yi shi ne a ranar 24 ga Disamba 1737 a Bhopal tsakanin Masarautar Maratha da haɗin gwiwar sojojin Nizam da wasu Janar-Janar na Mughal.

An yi yakin Vasai ko yakin Bassein tsakanin Marathas da sarakunan kasar Portugal na Vasai, wani gari da ke kusa da Mumbai (Bombay) a jihar Maharashtra na kasar Indiya a yau.Chimaji Appa ne ya jagoranci Marathas, ɗan'uwan Peshwa Baji Rao I. Nasarar Maratha a wannan yaƙi babbar nasara ce ta mulkin Baji Rao I.

Yakin Maratha na Bengal (1741-1751), wanda kuma aka sani da balaguron Maratha a Bengal, yana nufin mamayewar da sojojin Maratha suka yi akai-akai a cikin Bengal Subah (West Bengal, Bihar, sassan Orissa na zamani), bayan nasarar yakin da suka yi a cikin yankin Carnatic a yakin Trichinopoly.Jagoran balaguron shine Maratha Maharaja Raghoji Bhonsle na Nagpur.Marathas sun mamaye Bengal sau shida daga Agusta 1741 zuwa Mayu 1751. Nawab Alivardi Khan ya yi nasara wajen tinkarar duk mamayar da aka yi a yammacin Bengal, duk da haka, mamayar Maratha akai-akai ya haifar da babbar barna a yammacin Bengal Subah, wanda ya haifar da hasarar fararen hula da kuma asarar tattalin arziki mai yawa. .A cikin 1751, Marathas ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya tare da Nawab na Bengal, bisa ga abin da Mir Habib (tsohon sarkin Alivardi Khan, wanda ya koma Marathas) ya zama gwamnan lardin Orissa a ƙarƙashin ikon Nawab na Bengal.

Yakin Plassey wani gagarumin nasara ne na Kamfanin British East India Company akan wani babban karfi na Nawab na Bengal da abokansa na Faransa a ranar 23 ga Yuni 1757, karkashin jagorancin Robert Clive.Yakin ya taimaka wa Kamfanin ya kwace iko da Bengal.A cikin shekaru ɗari masu zuwa, sun kwace iko da yawancin yankunan Indiya, Myanmar , da Afghanistan.

Yakin Attock ya faru ne a ranar 28 ga Afrilu 1758 tsakanin Masarautar Maratha da Daular Durrani.Marathas, karkashin Raghunathrao (Raghoba), sun ba da gagarumar nasara kuma an kama Attock.Ana kallon yakin a matsayin babban nasara ga Marathas wanda ya daga tutar Maratha a Attock.A ranar 8 ga Mayun 1758, Marathas ya ci nasara kan sojojin Durrani a yakin Peshawar kuma suka kwace birnin Peshawar.Yanzu Marathas ya isa iyakar Afghanistan.Ahmad Shah Durrani ya firgita da wannan nasarar da Marathas ya samu, ya fara shirin kwato yankunan da ya bata.

Ahmad Shah Durrani ya kai hari Indiya a karo na biyar a shekara ta 1759. Pashtuns sun fara shirya kansu don gwagwarmaya da makami da Marathas.Pashtuns ba su da lokacin aika bayanai zuwa Kabul don taimako.Janar Jahan Khan ya ci gaba kuma ya kama sansanin Maratha a Peshawar.Bayan haka, maharan sun mamaye Attock.A halin da ake ciki, Sabaji Patil ya ja da baya ya isa Lahore tare da sabbin sojoji da ɗimbin mayakan Sikh na yankin Sukerchakia da Miss Ahluwalia.A wannan kazamin yakin, sojojin Maratha da Sukerchakia da Ahluwalia Misls sun yi galaba a kan 'yan Afganistan.

A cikin 1737, Baji Rao ya ci Mughals a wajen Delhi kuma ya kawo yawancin tsoffin yankunan Mughal a kudancin Agra a ƙarƙashin ikon Maratha.Ɗan Baji Rao Balaji Baji Rao ya ƙara ƙara ƙasar da ke ƙarƙashin ikon Maratha ta hanyar mamaye Punjab a shekara ta 1758. Wannan ya sa Marathas suka yi arangama kai tsaye da daular Durrani ta Ahmad Shah Abdali (wanda aka fi sani da Ahmad Shah Durrani).Ahmad Shah Durrani bai yarda ya bari ba a shawo kan yaduwar Maratha.Ya yi nasarar shawo kan Nawab na Oudh Shuja-ud-Daula ya shiga kawancen sa na yaki da Marathas.Yakin Panipat na uku ya faru ne a ranar 14 ga Janairun 1761 a Panipat, kimanin kilomita 97 (kilomita 60) arewa da Delhi, tsakanin Masarautar Maratha da sojojin Afghanistan da suka mamaye (na Ahmad Shah Durrani), wanda wasu kawancen Indiya hudu ke goyon bayan Rohillas karkashin kwamandan Najib-ud-daulah, 'yan Afghanistan na yankin Doab, da Nawab na Awadh, Shuja-ud-Daula.Sadashivrao Bhau ne ya jagoranci sojojin Maratha wanda shine na uku a kan mulki bayan Chhatrapati (King Maratha) da Peshwa (Firayim Minista Maratha).Yaƙin ya ɗauki kwanaki da yawa kuma ya haɗa da sojoji sama da 125,000.Sojojin Maratha karkashin Sadashivrao Bhau sun sha kashi a yakin.Jats da Rajputs ba su goyi bayan Marathas ba.Sakamakon yakin shine dakatar da ci gaban Maratha na wucin gadi a arewa da kuma tabarbarewar yankunansu na kusan shekaru goma.Don ceton mulkinsu, Mughals sun sake canza salo kuma suna maraba da Afghanistan zuwa Delhi.

Shrimant Peshwa Madhavrao Bhat Ni ne Peshwa na 9 na Daular Maratha.A lokacin mulkinsa, daular Maratha ta farfado daga asarar da suka sha a lokacin yakin Panipat na uku, al'amarin da ake kira Maratha Resurrection.An dauke shi daya daga cikin manyan Peshwas a tarihin Maratha.A cikin 1767 Madhavrao na haye kogin Krishna na ci Hyder Ali a yakin Sira da Madgiri.Ya kuma ceci sarauniyar karshe ta masarautar Keladi Nayaka, wadda Hyder Ali ya tsare a cikin katangar Madgiri.

Mahadaji Shinde ya taka rawa wajen tayar da ikon Maratha a Arewacin Indiya bayan yakin Panipat na uku a shekara ta 1761, kuma ya tashi ya zama amintaccen laftanar Peshwa, shugaban daular Maratha.Tare da Madhavrao I da Nana Fadnavis, ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin ginshiƙai uku na tashin Maratha.A farkon 1771, shekaru goma bayan rugujewar ikon Maratha akan Arewacin Indiya bayan yakin Panipat na uku, Mahadji ya sake kwace Delhi kuma ya dora Shah Alam II a matsayin dan tsana a kan karagar Mughal yana karbar mukamin mataimakin Vakil-ul-Mutlak. (Shugaban Daular).

Lokacin da Madhavrao ya mutu, an yi gwagwarmayar iko tsakanin ɗan'uwan Madhavrao (wanda ya zama Pesha) da Raghunathrao, wanda ya so ya zama Peshwa na daular.Kamfanin British East India Company, daga tushe a Bombay, ya shiga tsakani a cikin gwagwarmayar da aka yi a Pune, a madadin Raghunathrao.

Rundunar Kamfanin Gabashin Indiya daga Bombay ya ƙunshi mutane kusan 3,900 (kusan Turawa 600, sauran Asiyawa) tare da dubban ma'aikata da ƙwararrun ma'aikata.Mahadji ya sassauta tattakin na Birtaniyya tare da tura sojoji zuwa yamma don yanke layukan samar da kayayyaki.Sojojin dawakan Maratha sun addabi abokan gaba daga kowane bangare.Marathas kuma sun yi amfani da dabarun ƙasa mai ƙonawa, barin ƙauyuka, cire hannun jarin abinci, kona filayen noma da rijiyoyin guba.An kewaye sojojin Birtaniya a ranar 12 ga Janairu 1779. A ƙarshen rana ta gaba, Birtaniya sun shirya don tattauna sharuɗɗan mika wuya.

Karfin katangar Gwalior a lokacin yana hannun Chhatar Singh, sarkin Jat na Gohad.A cikin 1783 Mahadji ya kewaye katangar Gwalior ya ci ta.Ya wakilta gwamnatin Gwalior ga Khanderao Hari Bhalerao.Bayan murnar cin Gwalior, Mahadji Shinde ya sake mayar da hankalinsa ga Delhi.

Yakin Maratha-Mysore rikici ne a cikin karni na 18 a Indiya, tsakanin Masarautar Maratha da Masarautar Mysore.Ko da yake tashin farko tsakanin bangarorin ya fara ne a cikin 1770s, ainihin yakin ya fara ne a watan Fabrairun 1785 kuma ya ƙare a 1787. An yi imanin cewa yakin ya barke ne sakamakon sha'awar Marathas da ke ci gaba da fadadawa don dawo da yankunan da suka ɓace daga jihar. da Mysore.Yaƙin ya ƙare a cikin 1787 tare da Marathas da Tipu Sultan ya ci nasara.Mysore ƙaramin masarauta ne a farkon 1700s.Duk da haka, masu iko irin su Hyder Ali da Tipu Sultan sun canza masarauta kuma suka mayar da sojojin yammaci cewa ba da daɗewa ba ta zama barazanar soja ga Masarautar Burtaniya da Maratha.

An yi yakin Gajendragad tsakanin Marathas karkashin jagorancin Tukojirao Holkar (dan Malharrao Holkar) da Tipu Sultan inda Marathas suka ci Tipu Sultan nasara.Da nasarar da aka samu a wannan yaƙin, iyakar yankin Maratha ta kai har zuwa kogin Tungahadra.

Sojojin Maratha sun taimaka wa Burtaniya a yakin Anglo-Mysore guda biyu na karshe daga 1790 zuwa gaba, inda daga karshe suka taimaka wa Birtaniyya ta ci Mysore a yakin Anglo-Mysore na hudu a 1799. Bayan mamayar Burtaniya, duk da haka, Marathas ya kai hare-hare akai-akai a Mysore don yin ganima. yankin, wanda suka ba da hujja a matsayin diyya ga asarar da Tipu Sultan ta yi a baya.

Jaipur da Jodhpur, Jihohin Rajput biyu mafi ƙarfi, har yanzu ba su kasance cikin mamayar Maratha kai tsaye ba.Don haka, Mahadji ya aika da Janar Benoît de Boigne don murkushe sojojin Jaipur da Jodhpur a yakin Patan.An fafata da Marathas masu dauke da makamai na Turai da Faransanci da aka horar, jihohin Rajput sun mamaye daya bayan daya.Marathas yayi nasarar cinye Ajmer da Malwa daga Rajputs.Kodayake Jaipur da Jodhpur sun kasance ba a ci nasara ba.Yakin Patan, ya kawo karshen fatan Rajput na samun 'yancin kai daga tsangwama daga waje.

Yunwa ta Doji bara (kuma yunwar Kwankwan kai) na 1791-92 a cikin yankin Indiya babban taron El Niño ne ya kawo shi daga 1789-1795 da kuma haifar da fari mai tsawo.William Roxburgh, likitan fida tare da Kamfanin British East India Company, ya rubuta a cikin jerin abubuwan lura da yanayin yanayi na majagaba, lamarin El Niño ya haifar da gazawar damina ta Kudancin Asiya har tsawon shekaru hudu a jere tun daga 1789. Sakamakon yunwar, mai tsanani. ya haifar da yawaitar mace-mace a Hyderabad, Kudancin Maratha Masarautar, Deccan, Gujarat, da Marwar (sannan duk sarakunan Indiya suka yi mulki).

Daular Maratha a wancan lokacin ta kunshi hadakar manyan sarakuna biyar.Shugabannin Maratha sun yi ta rigima a tsakanin su.Baji Rao ya gudu zuwa kariyar Birtaniyya, kuma a cikin watan Disamba a wannan shekarar ya kulla yarjejeniyar Bassein tare da Kamfanin British East India Company, ya ba da wani yanki don kula da wani runduna tare da yarda da yarjejeniya ba tare da wani iko ba.Yarjejeniyar za ta zama "mutuwar daular Maratha".Yakin ya haifar da nasara a Birtaniya.A ranar 17 ga Disamba 1803, Raghoji II Bhonsale na Nagpur ya sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar Deogaon.Ya ba da lardin Cuttack (wanda ya hada da Mughal da bakin teku na Odisha, Garjat / jihohin Odisha, Balasore Port, sassan gundumar Midnapore na West Bengal).A ranar 30 ga Disamba 1803, Daulat Scindia ya rattaba hannu kan yerjejeniyar Surji-Anjangaon tare da Birtaniya bayan yakin Assaye da yakin Laswari kuma ya mika wa Birtaniya Rohtak, Gurgaon, Ganges-Jumna Doab, yankin Delhi-Agra, sassan Bundelkhand. , Broach, wasu gundumomin Gujarat da kagaran Ahmmadnagar.Yarjejeniyar Rajghat, wacce aka sanya hannu akan 24 Disamba 1805, ta tilasta Holkar ya bar Tonk, Rampura, da Bundi.Yankunan da aka bai wa Birtaniyya sune Rohtak, Gurgaon, Ganges-Jumna Doab, yankin Delhi-Agra, sassan Bundelkhand, Broach, wasu gundumomin Gujarat da katangar Ahmmadnagar.

Yakin Assaye wani babban yaki ne na yakin Anglo-Marata na biyu da aka gwabza tsakanin Masarautar Maratha da Kamfanin British East India Company.Ya faru ne a ranar 23 ga Satumbar 1803 a kusa da Assaye a yammacin Indiya inda sojojin Indiya da Birtaniya da suka fi yawa a karkashin jagorancin Manjo Janar Arthur Wellesley (wanda daga baya ya zama Duke na Wellington) ya yi galaba a kan hadakar sojojin Maratha na Daulatrao Scindia da Bhonsle Raja na Berar.Yaƙin shine babban nasara ta farko ta Duke na Wellington kuma wanda daga baya ya bayyana a matsayin mafi kyawun nasararsa a fagen fama, har ma fiye da nasarorin da ya fi shahara a Yaƙin Peninsular , da kuma kayar da Napoleon Bonaparte ya yi a yakin Waterloo .

Yaƙin Anglo-Maratha na uku (1817-1819) shine rikici na ƙarshe kuma mai yanke hukunci tsakanin Kamfanin British East India Company (EIC) da Masarautar Maratha a Indiya.Yakin ya bar Kamfanin ya mallaki mafi yawan Indiya.Ya fara ne da mamaye yankin Maratha da sojojin Kamfanin British East India Company suka yi, kuma ko da yake Birtaniyya sun fi yawa, an lalata sojojin Maratha.Yakin ya bar Biritaniya, karkashin inuwar Kamfanin British East India Company, ya mallaki kusan dukkanin Indiya ta yau da ke kudu da kogin Sutlej.Shahararren Nassak Diamond Kamfanin ya kwace a matsayin wani bangare na ganimar yakin.Yankunan Peshwa sun shiga cikin Fadar Shugabancin Bombay kuma yankin da aka kwace daga Pindaris ya zama Larduna ta Tsakiya na Burtaniya ta Indiya.Sarakunan Rajputana sun zama sarakunan feudal na alama waɗanda suka yarda da Birtaniyya a matsayin babban iko.

Mahimmin Bincike:Wasu masana tarihi sun yabawa sojojin ruwan Maratha da kafa harsashin ginin sojojin ruwa na Indiya tare da kawo gagarumin sauyi a yakin ruwa.Kusan dukkan katangar tsaunuka, waɗanda ke nuna yanayin yammacin Maharashtra na yanzu Marathas ne suka gina su.A cikin karni na 18, Peshwas na Pune ya kawo sauye-sauye ga garin Pune, gina madatsun ruwa, gadoji, da tsarin samar da ruwa na karkashin kasa.An san Sarauniya Ahilyabai Holkar a matsayin shugaba mai adalci kuma mai kishin addini.An ba ta lambar yabo don ginawa, gyare-gyare da yawa a cikin garin Maheshwar a Madhya Pradesh da kuma Arewacin Indiya.Sarakunan Maratha na Tanjore ( Tamil Nadu na yanzu) sun kasance majiɓincin fasaha na fasaha kuma an ɗauki mulkinsu a matsayin lokacin zinare na tarihin Tanjore.Fasaha da al'adu sun kai wani matsayi a lokacin mulkinsuMahukuntan Maratha ne suka gina manyan fadoji da yawa waɗanda suka haɗa da Shaniwar Wada (wanda Peshwas na Pune ya gina).