A cikin 332 KZ, Alexander the Great na Macedon ya ci yankin a matsayin wani ɓangare na yaƙin da ya yi da Daular Farisa .Bayan mutuwarsa a shekara ta 322 K.Z., hakimansa sun raba daular kuma Yahudiya ta zama yanki mai iyaka tsakanin Daular Seleucid da Masarautar Ptolemaic aMasar .Bayan ƙarni na mulkin Ptolemaic, daular Seleucid ta ci Yahudiya a shekara ta 200 KZ a yaƙin Panium.Sarakunan Hellenanci gabaɗaya suna mutunta al'adun Yahudawa kuma suna kiyaye cibiyoyin Yahudawa.^[88] Yahudiya tana ƙarƙashin gadon ofishin Babban Firist na Isra'ila a matsayin ɗan Hellenanci.Duk da haka, yankin ya yi wani tsari na Hellenization, wanda ya daɗa tashe-tashen hankula tsakanin Helenawa , Yahudawa masu Hellenanci, da Yahudawa masu lura.Waɗannan tashe-tashen hankula sun ƙaru zuwa faɗan da ya haɗa da gwagwarmayar neman matsayi na babban firist da halin birnin Kudus.^[89]Lokacin da Antiochus IV Epiphanes ya keɓe haikalin, ya hana ayyukan Yahudawa, kuma ya tilasta wa Yahudawa ƙa'idodin Hellenanci, ƙarnuka da yawa na haƙuri na addini a ƙarƙashin ikon Hellenanci ya ƙare.A shekara ta 167 K.Z., tawayen Maccabean ya barke bayan Mattathias, wani firist Bayahude na zuriyar Hasmonean, ya kashe Bayahude mai Hellenanci da kuma wani jami’in Seleucid wanda ya yi hadaya ga gumakan Helenawa a Modi’in.Ɗansa Yahuda Maccabeus ya ci Seleucids a yaƙe-yaƙe da yawa, kuma a shekara ta 164 K.Z., ya ci Urushalima kuma ya mai da bautar haikali, taron da bikin Hannukah na Yahudawa ke tunawa da shi.^[90]Bayan mutuwar Yahuda, ’yan uwansa Jonathan Apphus da Simon Thassi sun sami damar kafa da kuma kafa wata ƙasa ta Hasmonea a ƙasar Yahudiya, tare da yin amfani da faɗuwar Daular Seleucid sakamakon rashin kwanciyar hankali da yaƙe-yaƙe da ƴan Parthia suka yi, da kuma kulla alaka da masu tasowa. Jamhuriyar Rum.Shugaban Hasmonean John Hyrcanus ya sami ’yancin kai, ya ninka yankunan Yahudiya.Ya mallaki Idumiya, inda ya mai da Edomawa zuwa addinin Yahudanci, ya kai hari Scythopolis da Samariya, inda ya rushe Haikali na Samariya.^[91] Hyrcanus kuma shine shugaban Hasmon na farko da ya fara fitar da tsabar kudi.A ƙarƙashin ’ya’yansa, sarakuna Aristobulus na I da Alexander Jannaeus, Hasmon Yahudiya ta zama masarauta, kuma yankunanta sun ci gaba da faɗaɗawa, a yanzu kuma sun mamaye filayen bakin teku, Galili da sassan Transjordan.^[92]A ƙarƙashin mulkin Hasmonean, Farisawa, Sadukiyawa da Essene masu sufi sun fito a matsayin manyan ƙungiyoyin zamantakewa na Yahudawa.Bafarisi mai hikima Simeon ben Shetach an yaba shi da kafa makarantu na farko a kusa da gidajen taro.^[93] Wannan wani muhimmin mataki ne a cikin bullowar Yahudanci na Rabinical.Bayan gwauruwar Jannaeus, sarauniya Salome Alexandra, ta mutu a shekara ta 67 K.Z., ’ya’yanta Hyrcanus na biyu da Aristobulus na biyu sun shiga yakin basasa na gado.Bangarorin da ke gaba da juna sun nemi taimakon Pompey a madadinsu, wanda ya share hanyar mamaye masarautar Romawa.^[94]