Artaxerxes na III ya gaji Artaxerxes IV Arses, wanda kafin ya yi aiki shi ma Bagoas ya sa masa guba.An kuma ce Bagoas ya kashe ba duka yaran Arses ba, har ma da sauran sarakunan kasar da dama.Daga nan sai Bagoas ya dora Darius III, ɗan wan Artaxerxes IV, a kan karagar mulki.Darius III, wanda a baya Satrap na Armeniya, da kansa ya tilasta Bagoas ya hadiye guba.A shekara ta 334 K.Z., sa’ad da Darius ke ci gaba da cin nasara aƙasar Masar kuma, Iskandari da sojojinsa masu ƙarfi suka kai hari a Asiya Ƙarama.Alexander the Great (Alexander III na Macedon) ya ci sojojin Farisa a Granicus (334 KZ), Issus (333 KZ) ya biyo baya, kuma a ƙarshe a Gaugamela (331 KZ).Bayan haka, ya yi tafiya zuwa Susa da Persepolis waɗanda suka mika wuya a farkon 330 KZ.Daga Persepolis, Iskandari ya nufi arewa zuwa Pasargadae, inda ya ziyarci kabarin Cyrus, jana’izar mutumin da ya ji labarinsa daga Cyropedia.Bessus, satrap na Bactrian kuma danginsa sun kama Darius III fursuna.Kamar yadda Alexander ya zo, Bessus ya sa mutanensa suka kashe Darius III sannan kuma ya bayyana kansa magajin Darius, a matsayin Artaxerxes V, kafin ya koma tsakiyar Asiya ya bar jikin Darius a hanya don jinkirta Alexander, wanda ya kawo shi zuwa Persepolis don jana'izar daraja.Bayan haka Bessus zai haifar da haɗin gwiwar sojojinsa, don ƙirƙirar sojojin da za su kare Alexander.Kafin Bessus ya sami cikakkiyar haɗin kai tare da abokansa a gabashin daular, Alexander, yana jin tsoron haɗarin Bessus ya sami iko, ya same shi, ya gabatar da shi a gaban kotu na Farisa da ke ƙarƙashin ikonsa, kuma ya ba da umarnin a kashe shi cikin "mummuna da zalunci". hanyar barna."Alexander gabaɗaya ya kiyaye ainihin tsarin gudanarwa na Achaemenid, wanda ya jagoranci wasu masana suna masa lakabi da "ƙarshen Achaemenids".Bayan mutuwar Alexander a shekara ta 323 KZ, an raba daularsa a tsakanin manyan hafsoshinsa, Diadochi, wanda ya haifar da ƙananan jihohi.Mafi girma daga cikin waɗannan, waɗanda ke da iko a kan tudun Iran , ita ce daular Seleucid, wanda Janar Seleucus na I Nicator na Alexander ya mulki.Parthians na arewa maso gabashin Iran za su maido da mulkin ƙasar Iran a cikin ƙarni na 2 KZ.