Daular mulkin mallaka ta Faransa ta kasance da hannu sosai a cikin Vietnam a cikin karni na 19;sau da yawa ana shiga tsakani na Faransa don kare aikin ƙungiyar Ofishin Jakadancin Paris a cikin ƙasar.Don faɗaɗa tasirin Faransa a Asiya, Napoleon na III na Faransa ya umarci Charles Rigault de Genouilly tare da wasu jiragen ruwan Faransa 14 da su kai hari tashar jiragen ruwa na Đà Nẵng (Tourane) a 1858. Harin ya haifar da babbar illa, duk da haka ya kasa samun gindin zama, a cikin wannan tsari yana kasancewa. fama da zafi da cututtuka na wurare masu zafi.De Genouilly ya yanke shawarar tafiya kudu kuma ya kama birnin Gia Định da ba shi da kyau (Ho Chi Minh City a yau).Daga 1859 a lokacin Siege na Saigon zuwa 1867, sojojin Faransa sun fadada ikonsu a kan dukkanin larduna shida na Mekong delta kuma suka kafa wani yanki mai suna Cochinchina.Bayan 'yan shekaru, sojojin Faransa sun sauka a arewacin Vietnam (wanda ake kira Tonkin) kuma suka kama Hà Nội sau biyu a 1873 da 1882. Faransanci sun yi nasarar ci gaba da rike Tonkin ko da yake, sau biyu, manyan kwamandojin su Francis Garnier da Henri Rivière, sun kasance. sun yi kwanton bauna tare da kashe ’yan fashin teku na Sojojin Bakar Tuta da Mandarin suka dauka hayarsu.Daular Nguyễn ta mika wuya ga Faransa ta hanyar yerjejeniyar Huế (1883), wanda ke nuna lokacin mulkin mallaka (1883-1954) a cikin tarihin Vietnam.Faransa ta ɗauki iko a kan dukan Vietnam bayan Yaƙin Tonkin (1883-1886).An kafa Indochina na Faransa a watan Oktoba 1887 daga Annam (Trung Kỳ, tsakiyar Vietnam), Tonkin (Bắc Kỳ, arewacin Vietnam) da Cochinchina (Nam Kỳ, kudancin Vietnam), tare da Cambodia da Laos a cikin 1893. A cikin Indochina na Faransa, Cochinchina yana da matsayin mulkin mallaka, Annam ya kasance mai karewa ne inda daular Nguyễn ke mulki har yanzu, kuma Tonkin yana da gwamnan Faransa tare da ƙananan hukumomi da jami'an Vietnamese ke gudanarwa.