Gwagwarmayar da aka yi tsakanin Daular Usmaniyya da Safavid Farisa kan Iraki, wanda ya kawo karshe a yarjejeniyar Zuhab a shekara ta 1639, wani babi ne mai matukar muhimmanci a tarihin yankin, wanda ke fama da fadace-fadace, da sauya sheka, da kuma tasirin al'adu da siyasa.Wannan lokacin yana nuni ne da tsananin hamayya tsakanin dauloli biyu mafiya karfi na karni na 16 da 17, wanda dukkanin maslahar geopolitical da bambance-bambancen mazhabobi suka tabbatar da shi, inda Daular Usmaniyya ta Sunni suka yi arangama da Farisa Shi'a.A farkon karni na 16, tare da hawan daular Safawida a Farisa, karkashin jagorancin Shah Ismail I, an kafa matakin da za a dauki tsawon lokaci ana rikici.Safawiwa, sun rungumi addinin Shi'a, sun sanya kansu cikin adawa kai tsaye ga Ottoman Sunni.Wannan rarrabuwar kawuna ta kara dagula rigingimun addini.Shekara ta 1501 ita ce kafuwar daular Safawiyya, kuma da ita ce aka fara yakin da Farisa suka yi na yada addinin Shi'a, suna kalubalantar mulkin Daular Sunna ta Daular Usmaniyya.Ganawar soji ta farko tsakanin masarautun biyu ta faru ne a yakin Chaldiran a shekara ta 1514. Sarkin Musulmi Selim na daya ya jagoranci dakarunsa a kan Shah Ismail, wanda ya haifar da gagarumar nasara a Ottoman.Wannan yakin ba wai kawai ya tabbatar da ikon Ottoman a yankin ba har ma ya kafa yanayin rikici na gaba.Duk da wannan koma-baya na farko, Safawiyawan ba su kau da kai ba, kuma tasirinsu ya ci gaba da karuwa, musamman a yankunan gabashin daular Usmaniyya.Iraki, tare da muhimmancinta na addini ga musulmi Sunni da Shi'a da kuma wurin da take da mahimmanci, ya zama fagen fama na farko.A shekara ta 1534, Suleiman Mai Girma, Sarkin Daular Usmaniyya, ya kame Bagadaza, inda ya mayar da Iraki karkashin ikon Ottoman.Wannan cin nasara yana da mahimmanci, domin Baghdad ba kawai cibiyar kasuwanci ce kawai ba amma tana da mahimmancin addini.Sai dai kuma iko da kasar Iraki ya karkata tsakanin daulolin biyu a tsawon karni na 16 da na 17, yayin da kowane bangare ya samu nasarar samun da kuma rasa yankuna a yakin neman zabe daban-daban.Safawiwa karkashin Shah Abbas na daya, sun samu gagarumar nasara a farkon karni na 17.Abbas I, wanda ya shahara da bajintar soji da gyare-gyaren harkokin mulki, ya sake kwato Bagadaza a shekara ta 1623. Wannan kame wani bangare ne na dabarun da Safawiyawa suka yi na maido da yankunan da Ottoman suka bata.Faduwar Baghdad wani gagarumin bugu ne ga Daular Usmaniyya, wanda ke nuni da sauyin karfin iko a yankin.Canja-canjen iko a kan Bagadaza da sauran garuruwan Iraki ya ci gaba har zuwa lokacin da aka rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar Zuhab a shekara ta 1639. Wannan yerjejeniyar, yarjejeniya mai muhimmanci tsakanin Sultan Murad IV na Daular Usmaniyya da Shah Safi na Farisa, a karshe ta kawo karshen rikicin da aka dade ana yi.Yarjejeniyar Zuhab ba kawai ta kafa sabuwar iyaka tsakanin daulolin Ottoman da Safawad ba amma tana da tasiri mai mahimmanci ga yanayin al'umma da al'adun yankin.Ya amince da ikon Ottoman akan Iraki, tare da iyakar da aka zana tare da tsaunin Zagros, wanda ya zo don ayyana iyakar zamani tsakanin Turkiyya da Iran .