Yaƙin Musulmai na Masar , wanda ya faru tsakanin 639 da 646 AD, ya kasance wani muhimmin al'amari a cikin tarihin Masar.Wannan cin nasara ba wai kawai ya kawo ƙarshen mulkin Roman/ Bzantine a Masar ba har ma ya ba da sanarwar shigar Musulunci da harshen Larabci, wanda ya tsara yanayin al'adu da addini na yankin.Wannan maƙala ta zurfafa a cikin mahallin tarihi, manyan yaƙe-yaƙe, da kuma dawwaman tasirin wannan muhimmin lokaci.Kafin yakin musulmi, Masar ta kasance karkashin ikon Rumawa, tana aiki a matsayin lardi mai mahimmanci saboda yanayin da take da shi da kuma arzikin noma.Duk da haka, daular Rumawa ta raunana ta hanyar rikici na cikin gida da rikice-rikice na waje, musamman tare da Daular Sassani , wanda ya kafa mataki don sabon iko ya fito.Yakin musulmi ya fara ne a karkashin jagorancin Janar Amr bn al-As, wanda halifa Omar, khalifa na biyu na halifancin Rashidun Musulunci ya aiko.Matakin farko na cin nasara ya kasance alama ce ta manyan yaƙe-yaƙe, gami da babban yakin Heliopolis a 640 AZ.Dakarun Rumawa karkashin jagorancin Janar Theodorus, sun sha kaye da gaske, wanda hakan ya ba da damar dakarun musulmi su kame manyan garuruwa kamar Iskandariya.Iskandariya, babbar cibiyar kasuwanci da al'adu, ta fada hannun Musulmai a shekara ta 641 AD.Duk da yunƙurin da daular Rumawa ta yi na sake samun iko, ciki har da wani babban yaƙin neman zaɓe a shekara ta 645 AZ, ƙoƙarinsu bai yi nasara ba, wanda ya kai ga mamaye ƙasar Masar gaba ɗaya a shekara ta 646 AZ.Yakin ya haifar da sauye-sauye masu yawa a cikin addini da al'adun Masar.A hankali Musulunci ya zama babban addini, ya maye gurbin Kiristanci , Larabci ya zama babban harshe, yana tasiri ga tsarin zamantakewa da gudanarwa.Gabatar da gine-gine da fasaha na Musulunci ya bar tarihi mai dorewa a kan al'adun Masar.Karkashin mulkin musulmi, Masar ta ga sauye-sauyen tattalin arziki da gudanarwa.Harajin Jizya da aka dora wa wadanda ba musulmi ba ne ya kai ga musulunta, yayin da sabbin masu mulki kuma suka fara gyare-gyaren filaye, da inganta harkar noma da noma.