Bayan da aka sake shi a ranar 10 ga Janairun 1972, Sheikh Mujibur Rahman ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a sabuwar 'yantacciyar kasar Bangladesh, inda ya fara zama shugaban kasa na wucin gadi kafin ya zama Firayim Minista.Ya jagoranci hadewar dukkanin hukumomi da masu yanke shawara, inda ’yan siyasa da aka zaba a zaben 1970 suka kafa majalisar wucin gadi.^[16] Mukti Bahini da sauran mayakan sa kai sun kasance cikin sabbin sojojin Bangladesh, a hukumance sun karbi ragamar mulki daga hannun sojojin Indiya a ranar 17 ga Maris.Gwamnatin Rahman ta fuskanci ƙalubale masu yawa, da suka haɗa da gyara miliyoyin mutanen da rikicin 1971 ya raba da muhallansu, da magance matsalolin da suka biyo bayan guguwar 1970, da kuma farfado da tattalin arzikin da yaƙi ya lalata.^[16]Karkashin jagorancin Rahman, an shigar da Bangladesh a Majalisar Dinkin Duniya da Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyoyin Ƙira.Ya nemi taimakon kasa da kasa ta kasashe masu ziyara kamar Amurka da Birtaniya , ya kuma rattaba hannu kan wata yarjejeniya ta sada zumunci da Indiya , wadda ta ba da taimakon tattalin arziki da jin kai da kuma taimakawa wajen horar da jami'an tsaron Bangladesh.^[17] Rahman ya kafa dangantaka ta kud da kud da Indira Gandhi, yana mai godiya da goyon bayan Indiya a lokacin yakin ’yanci.Gwamnatinsa ta yi babban kokari na gyara 'yan gudun hijira kusan miliyan 10, da farfado da tattalin arzikin kasar, da kuma dakile wata yunwa.A cikin 1972, an gabatar da sabon kundin tsarin mulki, kuma zaɓen da suka biyo baya ya ƙarfafa ikon Mujib tare da samun cikakken rinjaye.Gwamnatin ta jaddada fadada muhimman ayyuka da ababen more rayuwa, inda ta kaddamar da wani shiri na shekaru biyar a shekarar 1973 mai mai da hankali kan noma, ababen more rayuwa na karkara, da masana'antar gida.^[18]Duk da waɗannan ƙoƙarce-ƙoƙarce, Bangladesh ta fuskanci bala'in yunwa daga Maris 1974 zuwa Disamba 1974, wanda ake ɗauka ɗaya daga cikin mafi muni a ƙarni na 20.Alamun farko sun bayyana a cikin Maris 1974, tare da hauhawar farashin shinkafa da kuma gundumar Rangpur tana fuskantar tasirin farko.^{[19 <>]} Yunwa ta yi sanadin mutuwar mutane kimanin 27,000 zuwa 1,500,000, wanda hakan ya nuna irin ƙalubalen da matasan ƙasar suka fuskanta a ƙoƙarinsu na murmurewa daga yaƙin 'yantar da bala'o'i.Yunwa mai tsanani ta 1974 ta yi tasiri sosai kan tsarin mulkin Mujib kuma ya haifar da gagarumin sauyi a dabarun siyasarsa.^[20] A cikin tashe-tashen hankula na siyasa da tashin hankali, Mujib ya ƙara ƙarfafa ikonsa.A ranar 25 ga Janairun 1975, ya ayyana dokar ta-baci, kuma ta hanyar gyaran kundin tsarin mulki, ya haramta duk jam'iyyun siyasa na adawa.Da yake zama shugaban kasa, an baiwa Mujib ikon da ba a taba ganin irinsa ba.^[21] Tsarin mulkinsa ya kafa Bangladesh Krishak Sramik Awami League (BAKSAL) a matsayin ƙungiyar siyasa ta doka, ta sanya shi a matsayin wakilin jama'ar karkara, gami da manoma da ma'aikata, da kuma fara shirye-shiryen masu ra'ayin gurguzu.^[22]A daidai lokacin da Sheikh Mujibur Rahman ya jagoranci kasar Bangladesh ta fuskanci rikicin cikin gida yayin da bangaren sojan Jatiyo Samajtantrik Dal, Gonobahini, ya kaddamar da wani yunkuri na kafa gwamnatin Markisanci.^[23] Amsar da gwamnati ta bayar ita ce ta haifar da Jatiya Rakkhi Bahini, rundunar da ba da daɗewa ba ta zama sananne saboda mummunar take haƙƙin ɗan adam ga fararen hula, ciki har da kisan gillar siyasa, ^[24] kisan gilla ta hanyar kisa, ^[25] da kuma lokuta na fyade.^[26] Wannan rundunar tana aiki tare da kariya ta doka, tana kare membobinta daga tuhuma da sauran ayyukan doka.^[22] Duk da samun goyon baya daga sassa daban-daban na jama'a, ayyukan Mujib, musamman amfani da karfi da kuma tauye 'yancin siyasa, ya haifar da rashin jin daɗi a tsakanin tsoffin yakin 'yantar da su.Suna kallon wadannan matakan a matsayin ficewa daga manufofin dimokuradiyya da 'yancin jama'a wadanda suka zaburar da gwagwarmayar neman 'yancin kai na Bangladesh.