Tarihin Bangladesh, yanki ne mai cike da ci gaban al'adu da siyasa, ya samo asali ne tun zamanin da.Da farko da aka sani da Bengal, wani muhimmin yanki ne na masarautun yanki daban-daban, gami daMauryan da Daular Gupta.A zamanin da, Bengal ya bunƙasa a ƙarƙashin mulkin Bengal Sultanate da Mughal , wanda ya shahara don kasuwancinsa da dukiyarsa, musamman a cikin masana'antar muslin da siliki.Karni na 16 zuwa na 18 sun nuna lokacin wadatar tattalin arziki da farfado da al'adu a Bengal.Duk da haka, wannan zamanin ya zo ƙarshe da zuwan mulkin Birtaniya a karni na 19.Ikon Kamfanin British Gabashin Indiya a kan Bengal bayan Yaƙin Plassey a 1757 ya haifar da gagarumin canje-canjen tattalin arziki da ƙaddamar da Matsala ta Dindindin a 1793.Mulkin Biritaniya ya shaida bullar ilimin zamani da yunƙurin kawo sauyi na zamantakewa da addini, waɗanda mutane irin su Raja Ram Mohan Roy suka jagoranta.Bangaren Bengal a cikin 1905, kodayake an soke shi a cikin 1911, ya haifar da haɓaka mai ƙarfi a cikin ra'ayin kishin ƙasa.Farkon karni na 20 ya kasance alamar Renaissance na Bengali, wanda ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a ci gaban zamantakewa da al'adu na yankin.Yunwar Bengal na 1943, mummunan rikicin bil adama, ya kasance wani sauyi a tarihin Bengal, wanda ya tsananta ra'ayin 'yan Burtaniya.Lokaci mai mahimmanci ya zo tare da Rarraba Indiya a cikin 1947, wanda ya haifar da ƙirƙirar Gabas da Yammacin Pakistan.Gabashin Bengal galibi musulmi ne ya zama Gabashin Pakistan, wanda ya kafa fagen fama da rikice-rikice a nan gaba saboda bambancin harshe da al'adu da yammacin Pakistan.Wannan lokacin ya aza harsashin fafutukar neman 'yancin kai na Bangladesh, wani muhimmin babi a tarihin Kudancin Asiya.