Yaƙin Poland-Rasha na 1792 an gwabza tsakanin ƙasashen Poland-Lithuania Commonwealth a gefe ɗaya, da ƙungiyar Targowica da Daular Rasha a ƙarƙashin Catherine the Great a daya gefen.An yi yaƙin a gidajen wasan kwaikwayo biyu: arewacin Lithuania da kuma kudancin ƙasar Ukraine a yanzu.A cikin duka, sojojin Poland sun ja da baya a gaban manyan sojojin Rasha masu adadi, kodayake sun ba da juriya sosai a kudu, godiya ga ingantaccen jagoranci na kwamandojin Poland Yarima Józef Poniatowski da Tadeusz Kościuszko.A cikin gwagwarmayar da aka kwashe watanni uku ana gwabzawa an gwabza fadace-fadace, amma babu wani bangare da ya samu gagarumar nasara.Rasha ta dauki murabba'in kilomita 250,000 (97,000 sq mi), yayin da Prussia ta dauki murabba'in kilomita 58,000 (22,000 sq mi) na yankin Commonwealth.Wannan taron ya rage yawan al'ummar Poland zuwa kashi ɗaya bisa uku na abin da yake kafin Ƙarshen Farko.