Shirin nukiliya na Indiya ya fuskanci kalubale masu mahimmanci bayan gwajin nukiliya na farko na kasar, mai suna Smiling Buddha, a cikin 1974. Ƙungiyar Suppliers Group (NSG), wanda aka kafa a matsayin mayar da martani ga gwajin, ya sanya takunkumin fasaha a Indiya (da Pakistan , wanda ke bin kansa). shirin nukiliya).Wannan takunkumin ya kawo cikas ga ci gaban nukiliyar Indiya saboda rashin albarkatun kasa da kuma dogaro da fasahar da ake shigowa da su daga waje.Firayim Minista Indira Gandhi, a wani yunƙuri na kwantar da tarzoma a tsakanin ƙasashen duniya, ya bayyana wa hukumar kula da makamashin nukiliya ta duniya IAEA cewa, shirin nukiliyar Indiya an yi shi ne da nufin zaman lafiya, duk da ba da izinin fara aikin bam ɗin hydrogen.Sai dai kuma, dokar ta baci a shekarar 1975 da kuma rashin zaman lafiya na siyasa da ya biyo baya ya bar shirin nukiliyar ba tare da cikakken jagoranci da alkibla ba.Duk da wannan koma baya, an ci gaba da aikin bam ɗin hydrogen, ko da a hankali, a ƙarƙashin injiniyan injiniya M. Srinivasan.Firayim Minista Morarji Desai, wanda ya yi fice wajen fafutukar tabbatar da zaman lafiya, da farko bai mai da hankali kan shirin nukiliyar ba.Duk da haka, a cikin 1978, gwamnatin Desai ta mayar da masanin kimiyyar lissafi Raja Ramanna zuwa ma'aikatar tsaron Indiya tare da sake inganta shirin nukiliya.Gano shirin bama-bamai na Pakistan na boye, wanda ya fi tsarin soja idan aka kwatanta da na Indiya, ya kara gaggawar kokarin da Indiya ke yi na nukiliya.A bayyane yake cewa Pakistan na daf da samun nasara a burinta na nukiliya.A shekarar 1980, Indira Gandhi ta koma kan karagar mulki, kuma a karkashin jagorancinta, shirin nukiliyar ya sake samun ci gaba.Duk da ci gaba da takun saka da Pakistan, musamman kan batun Kashmir, da kuma binciken kasa da kasa, Indiya ta ci gaba da inganta karfinta na nukiliya.Shirin ya samu gagarumin ci gaba a karkashin jagorancin Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam, injiniyan sararin samaniya, musamman wajen samar da bama-bamai na hydrogen da fasahar makami mai linzami.Yanayin siyasa ya sake canzawa a cikin 1989 tare da jam'iyyar Janata Dal, karkashin jagorancin VP Singh, ta hau kan karagar mulki.Rikicin diflomasiyya da Pakistan ya tsananta, musamman kan rikicin Kashmir, kuma shirin makami mai linzami na Indiya ya samu nasara tare da kera makamai masu linzami na Prithvi.Gwamnatocin Indiya da suka gaji sun yi taka-tsan-tsan game da gudanar da wasu gwaje-gwajen nukiliya saboda fargabar koma bayan kasashen duniya.Duk da haka, goyon bayan jama'a ga shirin nukiliya ya kasance mai ƙarfi, wanda ya jagoranci Firayim Minista Narasimha Rao don yin la'akari da ƙarin gwaje-gwaje a 1995. An dakatar da waɗannan tsare-tsaren lokacin da leken asirin Amurka ya gano shirye-shiryen gwaji a filin gwajin Pokhran a Rajasthan.Shugaban Amurka Bill Clinton ya matsa lamba kan Rao da ya dakatar da gwaje-gwajen, kuma firaminista Benazir Bhutto ta Pakistan ta yi kakkausar suka ga matakin na Indiya.A shekara ta 1998, karkashin Firayim Minista Atal Bihari Vajpayee, Indiya ta gudanar da gwaje-gwajen makaman nukiliya, Pokhran-II, ta zama kasa ta shida da ta shiga kungiyar nukiliya.An gudanar da waɗannan gwaje-gwajen da matuƙar asirce don gujewa ganowa, wanda ya haɗa da tsare-tsare na ƙwararrun masana kimiyya, jami'an soja, da 'yan siyasa.Kammala wadannan gwaje-gwajen da aka yi cikin nasara ya nuna wani gagarumin ci gaba a tafiyar ta nukiliyar Indiya, tare da tabbatar da matsayinta na makamashin nukiliya duk da sukar da kasashen duniya ke yi da kuma rikicin yankin.