Kishin kishin kasa na Bulgaria ya bayyana a farkon karni na 19 a karkashin tasirin ra'ayoyin yamma kamar sassaucin ra'ayi da kishin kasa, wadanda suka shiga cikin kasar bayan juyin juya halin Faransa, galibi ta hanyar Girka .Tawayen Girkawa da Ottomans wanda ya fara a 1821 ya kuma yi tasiri ga kananan yara masu ilimi na Bulgaria.Amma tasirin Girkanci ya iyakance saboda ƙin jinin Bulgaria gaba ɗaya na ikon Girkanci na Ikilisiyar Bulgariya kuma gwagwarmaya ce ta farfado da Cocin Bulgariya mai zaman kanta wanda ya fara tayar da ra'ayin kishin ƙasa na Bulgaria.A cikin 1870, wani kamfani na Bulgarian Exarchate ya kirkiro shi kuma farkon Bulgarian Exarch, Antim I, ya zama shugaban halitta na al'umma mai tasowa.Shugaban Constantinople ya mayar da martani ta hanyar korar da Bulgarian Exarchate, wanda ya karfafa nufinsu na samun 'yancin kai.Gwagwarmayar 'yantar da siyasa daga Daular Usmaniyya ta bulla a gaban kwamitin tsakiya na juyin juya halin Bulgariya da kuma kungiyar juyin juya hali ta cikin gida karkashin jagorancin masu sassaucin ra'ayi irin su Vasil Levski, Hristo Botev da Lyuben Karavelov.A cikin Afrilu 1876, Bulgarians sun yi tawaye a cikin watan Afrilu.Tawayen ba su da tsari sosai kuma an fara shi kafin ranar da aka tsara.An keɓe shi sosai a yankin Plovdiv, kodayake wasu gundumomi a arewacin Bulgeriya, da Macedonia, da kuma yankin Sliven ma sun shiga.Daular Usmaniyya ce ta murkushe wannan boren, inda suka kawo dakaru marasa tsari (bashi-bazouks) daga wajen yankin.An yi wa ƙauyuka da yawa da yawa kuma an kashe dubunnan mutane, akasarinsu a garuruwan Batak, Perushtitsa, da Bratsigovo, da ke yankin Plovdiv, masu tada kayar baya.Kisan kiyashin ya tayar da hankulan jama'a a tsakanin Turawa masu sassaucin ra'ayi irin su William Ewart Gladstone, wanda ya kaddamar da yakin yaki da "Bulgarian Horrors".Kamfen din dai ya samu goyon bayan hazikan masana da jiga-jigan jama'a da dama na Turai.Mafi karfi dauki, duk da haka, ya fito ne daga Rasha.Gagarumin kukan jama'a wanda tashin Afrilu ya haifar a Turai ya kai ga taron Constantinople na manyan iko a 1876-77.