In late February 1946, George F. Kennan sent the "Long Telegram" from Moscow to Washington, detailing a strategy for the United States to counter Soviet power during the Cold War. This telegram influenced the Truman administration's stance against the Soviet Union, aligning with concerns about Soviet actions in Europe and Iran. During WWII, Iran was jointly occupied by Soviet and British forces, with an agreement for withdrawal six months post-war. However, the Soviets stayed, backing separatist movements in Iran, increasing tensions.

On March 5, 1946, Winston Churchill delivered the "Iron Curtain" speech in Missouri, urging an Anglo-American alliance against Soviet influence over Eastern Europe. Stalin sharply countered on March 13, comparing Churchill's views to Hitler's, and defending Soviet interests in its neighboring countries as a security measure.