Ketare Grant na James ya canza dabarunsa na asali na ƙoƙarin yin tuƙi kai tsaye a kan Richmond, kuma ya kai ga kewayen Petersburg.Bayan Lee ya sami labarin cewa Grant ya ketare James, tsoronsa mafi muni ya kusa gane - cewa za a tilasta shi cikin kewaye don kare babban birnin Tarayyar.Petersburg, birni mai wadata mai yawan 18,000, ya kasance cibiyar samar da kayayyaki ga Richmond, an ba shi kyakkyawan wurin da yake kudu da babban birnin kasar, wurin da yake kan kogin Appomattox wanda ya ba da damar tafiya zuwa kogin James, da rawar da ya taka a matsayin babban mararraba da mahadar ga hanyoyin jirgin kasa guda biyar.Tunda Petersburg shine babban tashar samar da kayayyaki da ma'ajiyar jirgin kasa ga daukacin yankin, ciki har da Richmond, daukar Petersburg da sojojin kungiyar suka yi zai sa Lee ya kasa ci gaba da kare babban birnin Tarayyar.Wannan yana wakiltar canjin dabarun daga na Grant's Overland Campaign, wanda fuskantar da cin galaba akan sojojin Lee a fili shine manufa ta farko.Yanzu, Grant ya zaɓi wani yanki na yanki da siyasa kuma ya san cewa manyan albarkatunsa na iya kewaye Lee a can, ya lalata shi, kuma ko dai ya kashe shi cikin biyayya ko kuma ya jawo shi don yaƙi.Lee da farko ya yi imanin cewa babban burin Grant shine Richmond kuma ya sadaukar da sojoji kadan ne kawai a karkashin Janar PGT Beauregard don kare Petersburg yayin da aka fara kewaye da Petersburg.Siege na Petersburg ya ƙunshi watanni tara na yaƙin maɓalli inda sojojin ƙungiyar da ke ƙarƙashin jagorancin Laftanar Janar Ulysses S. Grant suka far wa Petersburg ba tare da yin nasara ba sannan suka gina layukan ramuka waɗanda a ƙarshe suka wuce mil 30 (kilomita 48) daga wajen gabashin Richmond. Virginia, zuwa kewayen gabas da kudu maso gabashin Petersburg.Petersburg na da matukar muhimmanci ga samar da rundunar Janar Robert E. Lee da kuma babban birnin tarayyar Richmond.An kai hare-hare da dama kuma an gwabza fada a kokarin da ake na katse hanyoyin jirgin kasa na Richmond da Petersburg.Yawancin waɗannan yaƙe-yaƙe sun haifar da tsawaita layin mahara.A ƙarshe Lee ya shiga cikin matsin lamba kuma ya watsar da biranen biyu a cikin Afrilu 1865, wanda ya kai ga ja da baya da mika wuya a Kotun Kotun Appomattox.Ƙwayar da aka yi wa Petersburg ya kwatanta yaƙin da aka yi a yaƙin duniya na ɗaya , wanda ya sa ya zama babban matsayi a tarihin soja.Har ila yau, ya ƙunshi mafi girman taro na sojojin Afirka-Amurka, waɗanda suka sha wahala sosai a irin waɗannan ayyukan kamar yakin Crater da Chaffin's Farm.