Yakin Yaki na Biyu

Yaƙin Farko na Farko tsakanin Carthage da Roma ya ƙare a shekara ta 241 KZ bayan shekaru 23 kuma tare da hasara mai yawa da kuma asarar ɗan adam a ɓangarorin biyu a cikin nasarar Romawa.A cikin 237 KZ, Hamilcar Barca ya isa kudancin Spain don fadada abubuwan da Carthage ke ciki a can.Ya kafa sansaninsa a Gades kuma ya kafa Acra Leuce. A cikin 221 KZ, Hannibal ya dauki kwamandan sojojin Carthage a Spain.A cikin 226 KZ an amince da yarjejeniyar Ebro tare da Roma, wanda ke ƙayyade kogin Ebro a matsayin iyakar arewacin yankin Carthaginian.A wani lokaci a cikin shekaru shida masu zuwa Roma ta yi wata yarjejeniya ta dabam da birnin Saguntum, wanda ke kudu da Ebro.A cikin 219 KZ, sojojin Carthaginian karkashin Hannibal sun kewaye Saguntum, kuma bayan watanni takwas sun kama su kuma suka kore shi.Rome ta koka ga gwamnatin Carthaginian, inda ta aika ofishin jakadanci zuwa majalisar dattijai tare da bukatu na yau da kullun.Lokacin da aka ƙi waɗannan Romawa ta shelanta yaƙi a bazara ta 218 KZ.

Sifen Saguntum wani yaƙi ne wanda ya faru a shekara ta 219 KZ tsakanin Carthaginians da Saguntines a garin Saguntum, kusa da garin Sagunto na zamani a lardin Valencia, Spain.An fi tunawa da yakin a yau saboda ya haifar da daya daga cikin muhimman yaƙe-yaƙe na zamanin da, na biyu na azaba.Bayan da Hannibal ya zama babban kwamandan Iberia (221 KZ) yana ɗan shekara 26, ya yi shekara biyu yana gyara tsare-tsarensa da kuma kammala shirye-shiryensa na samun iko a Bahar Rum.Romawa ba su yi masa kome ba ko da yake sun sami gargaɗi mai yawa game da shirye-shiryen Hannibal.Romawa ma sun yi nisa har suka karkata akalarsu ga Illyriyawan da suka fara tawaye.Saboda haka, Romawa ba su mayar da martani ba sa'ad da labari ya zo musu cewa Hannibal yana kewaye da Saguntum.Kama Saguntum yana da mahimmanci ga shirin Hannibal.Garin na daya daga cikin wuraren da aka fi tsaro a yankin kuma da ya kasance wani mataki mara kyau na barin irin wannan kagara a hannun makiya.Har ila yau Hannibal yana neman ganima don biyan sojojin haya, wadanda galibinsu daga Afirka da yankin Iberian Peninsula ne.A ƙarshe, ana iya kashe kuɗin don yin hulɗa da abokan hamayyarsa na siyasa a Carthage.Bayan kewaye, Hannibal ya yi ƙoƙari ya sami goyon bayan Majalisar Dattijan Carthaginian.Majalisar dattijai (wanda wani bangare ne na masu goyon bayan Romawa karkashin jagorancin Hanno mai girma) sau da yawa ba su yarda da mugun nufi da Hannibal na yakin ba, kuma ba su taba ba shi cikakken goyon baya ba tare da sharadi ba, ko da lokacin da yake kan hanyar samun cikakkiyar nasara kawai biyar. mil daga Roma.A cikin wannan jigon, duk da haka, Hannibal ya sami damar samun iyakataccen tallafi wanda ya ba shi damar ƙaura zuwa New Carthage inda ya tara mutanensa ya sanar da su burinsa na buri.Hannibal ya ɗan yi aikin hajji na addini kafin ya fara tafiya zuwa Pyrenees, Alps, da Roma kanta.

Rome ta koka ga gwamnatin Carthaginian game da kewaye da kuma kama Saguntum, inda ta aika da ofishin jakadanci zuwa majalisar dattijai tare da buƙatu na yau da kullun.Lokacin da aka ƙi waɗannan Romawa ta shelanta yaƙi a bazara ta 218 KZ.An fara yakin azaba na biyu.

Yaƙin Lilybaeum shi ne karo na farko tsakanin sojojin ruwa na Carthage da Roma a shekara ta 218 KZ a lokacin Yaƙin Punic na Biyu.Carthaginians sun aika quinqueremes 35 don kai hari Sicily, farawa daga Lilybaeum.Romawa, wanda Hiero na Syracuse ya yi gargaɗi game da farmakin da ke zuwa, suna da lokacin da za su tsallaka rundunar Carthaginian tare da rundunar quinqueremes 20 kuma sun sami nasarar kama jiragen ruwa na Carthaginan da yawa.

Ketarawar Hannibal na tsaunukan Alps a shekara ta 218 KZ yana ɗaya daga cikin manyan abubuwan da suka faru na Yaƙin azaba na Biyu, kuma ɗaya daga cikin nasarorin da aka fi ɗauka a kowace rundunar soji a yaƙin da.Hannibal ya yi nasarar jagorantar sojojinsa na Carthaginian a kan tsaunukan Alps da Italiya don kai yakin kai tsaye zuwa Jamhuriyar Rum, inda ya ketare rundunonin ƙasa na Roma da ƙawance da kuma mamaye sojojin ruwa na Romawa.

Yaƙin Crossing Rhône yaƙi ne a lokacin Yaƙin Punic na Biyu a cikin Satumba na 218 KZ.Hannibal ya yi tafiya a kan Alps na Italiya, kuma sojojin Gallic Volcae sun kai hari ga sojojin Carthaginian a gabashin gabashin Rhône.Sojojin Romawa sun yi sansani kusa da Massalia.Volcae ya yi ƙoƙari ya hana Carthaginians ƙetare Alps da mamaye Italiya.Kafin su haye kogin, Carthaginians sun aika da wata ƙungiya don haye kogin, ƙarƙashin Hanno, ɗan Bomilcar, kuma suka ɗauki matsayi a bayan Gauls.Lokacin da rundunar ta kasance a wurin, Hannibal ya haye kogin tare da babban rukunin sojojinsa.Yayin da Gauls suka taru don adawa da Hannibal, Hanno ya kai hari a baya kuma ya fatattaki sojojin Volcae.Wannan shi ne babban yaƙin farko na Hannibal (nasara) a wajen Iberian Peninsula.Ya ba shi hanyar da ba ta dace ba zuwa Alps da Italiya.

Sojojin Roma a ƙarƙashin Gnaeus Cornelius Scipio Calvus sun ci sojojin Carthaginawa da ba su da yawa a ƙarƙashin Hanno, ta haka suka sami iko da yankin arewacin Kogin Ebro da Hannibal ya ci nasara ’yan watanni kafin lokacin rani na 218 KZ.Wannan shi ne yaƙi na farko da Romawa suka taɓa yi a Iberia.Ya ƙyale Romawa su kafa tushe mai tsaro a tsakanin kabilun Iberian abokantaka kuma saboda nasarar nasarar 'yan'uwan Scipio a Spain, Hannibal ya nemi amma bai sami ƙarfafawa daga Spain ba a lokacin yakin,

Yaƙin Ticinus yaƙi ne na Yaƙin Punic na Biyu da aka yi tsakanin sojojin Carthaginian na Hannibal da Romawa a ƙarƙashin Publius Cornelius Scipio a ƙarshen Nuwamba 218 KZ.An yi yaƙin ne a ƙasar da ke gefen dama na Kogin Ticinus, a yammacin Pavia ta zamani a arewacin Italiya.Hannibal ya jagoranci sojojin Libya 6,000 da na Iberian, yayin da Scipio ya jagoranci sojojin Roman, Italiya da Gallic 3,600 da kuma adadi mai yawa amma ba a san adadin mashinan wuta ba.Hannibal ya tara dakaru masu yawa, ya fita daga Iberia, ta hanyar Gaul da kuma tsaunukan Alps zuwa Cisalpine Gaul (arewacin Italiya), inda yawancin kabilun yankin suka yi yaƙi da Roma.Romawa sun yi mamaki, amma ɗaya daga cikin masu ba da shawara na shekara, Scipio, ya jagoranci sojoji tare da arewacin bankin Po da nufin ba da yaki ga Hannibal.Manyan kwamandojin janar-janar guda biyu kowannensu ya jagoranci dakaru masu karfi domin lekawa abokan hamayyarsu.Scipio ya haɗu da ɗimbin mashin ɗin tare da babban rundunar sojan dokinsa, yana tsammanin za a yi babban rikici.Hannibal ya sanya dawakinsa na kusa a tsakiyar layinsa, tare da hasken Numidian dokinsa a kan fukafukai.Da ganin sojojin Romawa nan da nan cibiyar Carthaginian ta caje su kuma maharba suka gudu ta cikin sahun sojojin dawakai.Wani katafaren sojan doki ya shiga ciki, inda dawakai da yawa suka tashi don yin yaƙi da ƙafa da yawa daga cikin mashin ɗin na Romawa suna ƙarfafa layin yaƙi.Hakan ya ci gaba da tafiya ba tare da yanke hukunci ba har sai da Numidiyyawa suka zagaye sassan biyu na yakin, suka kai farmaki kan gawawwakin da ba a tsara ba;ƙaramin maƙiyin doki na Roman, wanda Scipio ya haɗa kansa;da na baya na sojojin dawakai na Rum, sun jefa su duka cikin rudani da firgici.Rumawa suka karya suka gudu, tare da jikkata masu yawa.Scipio ya sami rauni kuma kawai ya tsira daga mutuwa ko kama shi da ɗansa mai shekaru 16.A wannan dare Scipio ya karya sansani kuma ya koma kan Ticinus;'Yan Carthaginians sun kama 600 na masu tsaron bayansa washegari.Bayan ƙarin motsi Scipio ya kafa kansa a wani katafaren sansani don jiran ƙarfafawa yayin da Hannibal ya ɗauki aiki a cikin Gauls na gida.

Yaƙin Trebia (ko Trebbia) shine babban yaƙi na farko na Yaƙin Punic na Biyu, wanda aka yi yaƙi tsakanin sojojin Carthaginian na Hannibal da sojojin Roma ƙarƙashin Sempronius Longus a ranar 22 ko 23 ga Disamba 218 KZ.Hakan ya faru ne a filin ambaliya na gabar yamma na kogin Trebia, wanda ba shi da nisa da wurin zama na Placentia (Pacenza na zamani), kuma ya haifar da babbar nasara ga Romawa.An buge Publius Scipio sosai a yakin Ticinus kuma da kansa ya ji rauni.Romawa sun koma kusa da Placentia, sun ƙarfafa sansaninsu kuma suna jiran ƙarfafawa.Sojojin Roma a Sicily a ƙarƙashin Sempronius an sake tura su zuwa arewa kuma suka shiga tare da sojojin Scipio.Bayan wata rana mai tsanani inda Romawa suka sami rinjaye, Sempronius ya yi marmarin yin yaƙi.Sojojin doki na Numidian sun fidda Sempronius daga sansaninsa zuwa kan hanyar da Hannibal ya zaba.Sojoji na Carthaginian Fresh sun fatattaki sojojin dawakin Romawa da ba su da yawa, kuma sojojin ruwa na Carthaginian sun mamaye sojojin na Roman.Rundunar Carthaginian da ta ɓoye a baya ta kai hari ga sojojin sojojin Roma a baya.Yawancin raka'a na Romawa sun rushe kuma yawancin Romawa an kashe su ko kuma Carthaginians suka kama su, amma 10,000 karkashin Sempronius sun ci gaba da kafawa kuma suka yi yaƙi da hanyarsu ta hanyar kare lafiyar Placentia.Gane Carthaginians a matsayin babban karfi a Cisalpine Gaul, Gallic recruits ya taru zuwa gare su kuma sojojinsu sun girma zuwa 60,000.Da bazara mai zuwa ta koma kudu zuwa Italiya ta Roman kuma ta sami wani nasara a yakin tafkin Trasimene.A shekara ta 216 K.Z., Hannibal ya ƙaura zuwa kudancin Italiya kuma ya jawo wa Romawa mugun cin nasara a Yaƙin Cannae, na ƙarshe na abin da ɗan tarihi Toni Ñaco del Hoyo ya kwatanta da “manyan bala’o’in soja” uku da Romawa suka sha a cikin uku na farko. shekarun yaki.

Yaƙin Kogin Ebro yaƙi ne na ruwa da aka yi a kusa da bakin kogin Ebro a cikin bazara na shekara ta 217 KZ tsakanin rundunar Carthaginian mai kusan quinqueremes 40, ƙarƙashin jagorancin Himilco, da rundunar sojojin ruwa na Romawa na jiragen ruwa 55, ƙarƙashin Gnaeus Cornelius Scipio Calvus. .Hasdrubal Barca, kwamandan Carthaginian a Iberia, ya ƙaddamar da balaguron haɗin gwiwa don lalata sansanin Romawa a arewacin Kogin Ebro.Sojojin ruwa na Carthaginian sun sha kashi gaba ɗaya bayan wani harin bazata da jiragen ruwa na Roma suka yi, inda suka yi asarar jiragen ruwa 29 da kuma kula da tekuna a kusa da Iberia.Sunan Romawa ya ƙara haɓaka a Iberia bayan wannan nasara, wanda ya haifar da tawaye a tsakanin wasu kabilun Iberian da ke ƙarƙashin ikon Carthaginian.

Yakin Geronium ko Gerunium ya faru ne a lokacin Yakin Hudu na Biyu, inda aka gwabza kazamin fada da yaki a lokacin rani da kaka na shekara ta 217 KZ.Bayan cin nasara a yakin Ager Falernus, sojojin Hannibal sun yi tafiya arewa sannan gabas zuwa Molise ta Samnium.Hannibal sojojin Romawa ne suka bi shi a hankali a karkashin mai mulkin kama-karya Quintus Fabius Maximus Verrucosus, yana kiyaye dabarar Fabian.Wannan manufar ta zama marar farin jini a Roma, kuma an tilasta Fabius ya koma Roma don ya kāre ayyukansa a ƙarƙashin fakewa na kiyaye wajibai na addini.Marcus Minucius Rufus, wanda aka bari a matsayin kwamandan ya yi nasarar kama Carthaginians a kusa da sansaninsu a Geronium kuma ya yi musu mummunar asara a wani babban fada, yayin da aka kashe Romawa 5,000.Wannan aikin ya sa Romawa, rashin jin daɗi da Fabius, don ɗaukaka Minucius zuwa daidai da matsayi na kama-karya.Minucius ya ɗauki kwamandan rabin sojoji kuma ya yi sansani dabam da Fabius kusa da Geronium.Hannibal, da aka sanar da wannan ci gaban, ya kafa tarko mai ma'ana, wanda ya zare Minucius da sojojinsa dalla-dalla, sannan ya kai hari ta kowane bangare.Zuwan Fabius a kan lokaci tare da sauran rabin sojojin ya ba Minucius damar tserewa, amma tare da kashe adadi mai yawa na Romawa.Bayan yakin, Minucius ya mika sojojinsa ga Fabius kuma ya ci gaba da aikin Jagoran Doki.

Bayan yakin Trebia, an yi kaduwa lokacin da labarin shan kaye ya kai Roma, amma hakan ya kwanta da zarar Sempronius ya isa, don jagorantar zabukan ofishin jakadancin kamar yadda aka saba.Zaɓaɓɓen jakadan sun ɗauki ƙarin runduna, na Romawa da kuma na ƙawayen Latin na Roma;ƙarfafa Sardinia da Sicily a kan yiwuwar hare-haren Carthaginian ko mamayewa;sanya garrison a Tarentum da sauran wurare saboda irin wadannan dalilai;ya gina jirgin ruwa na 60 quinqueremes;kuma ya kafa ma'ajiyar kayan abinci a Ariminum da Arretium a shirye-shiryen yin tattaki zuwa arewa a cikin shekara.Runduna biyu - na runduna huɗu kowanne, biyu na Romawa da biyu ƙawance, amma tare da sojojin dawakai fiye da yadda aka saba - aka kafa.An ajiye ɗaya a Arretium ɗaya kuma a bakin tekun Adriatic;za su iya toshe yuwuwar ci gaban Hannibal zuwa tsakiyar Italiya kuma su kasance da kyau don ƙaura zuwa arewa don yin aiki a Cisalpine Gaul.Da bazara mai zuwa, Romawa sun kafa runduna biyu, ɗaya a kowane gefen Apennines, amma sun yi mamakin lokacin da Carthaginians suka ketare duwatsu ta hanya mai wuya amma mara tsaro.Mutanen Carthaginians sun koma kudu zuwa Etruria, suna ganima, suna lalata ƙauyuka kuma suna kashe duk mazajen da suka yi girma.Flaminius, wanda ke kula da sojojin Roma mafi kusa, ya tashi don binsa.Hannibal ya shirya wani kwanton bauna a arewacin gabar tafkin Trasimene kuma ya kama Romawa, inda ya kashe ko kuma ya kama duka 25,000.Kwanaki da yawa bayan haka, mutanen Carthaginawa sun halaka dukan sojojin dawakai na sauran sojojin Roma, waɗanda ba su san bala'in ba tukuna.Wannan barnar da aka yi wa daukacin sojoji sakamakon harin kwanton bauna da sauran sojojin suka yi, ana daukarsa a matsayin wani lamari na musamman.Mutanen Carthaginians sun ci gaba da tafiya ta Etruria, sannan suka tsallaka zuwa Umbria suka nufi kudu zuwa Apulia, da fatan samun galaba akan wasu daga cikin jahohin kabilanci na Girka da Italic na kudancin Italiya.Labarin shan kaye ya haifar da firgita a Roma kuma ya kai ga zaben Quintus Fabius Maximus Verrucosus a matsayin mai mulkin kama-karya, amma, ya kasa hakuri da "Dabarunsa na Fabian" na gujewa fadace-fadace da kuma dogaro a maimakon dabarun 'yan daba, a shekara ta gaba Romawa suka zabi Lucius Aemilius. Paullus da Gaius Terentius Varro a matsayin masu ba da shawara.Waɗannan ƙarin kwamandoji masu ƙarfin hali sun shiga Hannibal a Yaƙin Cannae a shekara ta 216 KZ, bala’i na uku ga Roma wanda ya biyo bayan shekaru goma sha uku na yaƙi.

Bayan Yaƙin Tafkin Trasimene, an yi wa fursunonin mugun hali idan su Romawa ne;Kawayen Latin da aka kama sun sami kyakkyawar kulawa da Carthaginians kuma da yawa an 'yantar da su kuma aka mayar da su garuruwansu, da fatan za su yi magana mai kyau game da karfin fada-a-ji na Carthaginian da kuma maganinsu.Hannibal ya yi fatan za a iya shawo kan wasu daga cikin wadannan kawayen su sauya sheka.Mutanen Carthaginians sun ci gaba da tafiya ta Etruria, sannan Umbria, zuwa gabar tekun Adriatic, sannan suka juya kudu zuwa Apulia, da fatan samun galaba a kan wasu daga cikin jahohin birni na Girka da Italic na kudancin Italiya.Labarin shan kashi ya sake haifar da firgici a Roma.Majalisar Roma ta zaɓe Quintus Fabius Maximus a matsayin mai mulkin kama-karya kuma ya ɗauki “dabarun Fabian” na guje wa fadace-fadace, yana dogara ga ƙananan matakan da za su sa maharin ya yi ƙasa, har sai Roma ta sake gina ƙarfin soja.Hannibal an bar shi da yawa don ya lalata Apulia na shekara mai zuwa.Fabius bai yi farin jini ba a cikin sojoji, jama'ar Romawa ko kuma manyan Romawa, tun da ya guje wa yaƙi lokacin da makiya ke lalata Italiya kuma dabarunsa ba za su kai ga kawo ƙarshen yaƙin ba da sauri. lardunan Italiya, suna fatan barnar za ta jawo Fabius cikin yaƙi, amma Fabius ya ƙi.Jama'ar Romawa sun yi wa Fabius ba'a a matsayin Cunctator ("Mai jinkirtawa") kuma a zaɓen 216 KZ ya zaɓe sababbin jakadu: Gaius Terentius Varro, wanda ya ba da shawarar bin dabarun yaƙi mai tsanani, da Lucius Aemilius Paullus, wanda ya ba da shawarar dabarun wani wuri tsakanin Fabius. da abin da Varro ya ba da shawara.A cikin bazara na shekara ta 216 K.Z., Hannibal ya ƙwace babban wurin ajiyar kayayyaki a Cannae a filin Apulian.Majalisar dattijai ta Roma ta ba da izini a tara sojoji masu girma biyu ta Varro da Paullus, runduna na maza 86,000, mafi girma a tarihin Romawa har zuwa wannan lokacin.

Yaƙin Ager Falernus ya kasance gwabzawa a lokacin Yaƙin Punic na Biyu tsakanin sojojin Roma da Carthage.Bayan nasarar yakin tafkin Trasimene a Italiya a shekara ta 217 K.Z., sojojin da Hannibal ke jagoranta suka yi tattaki zuwa kudu suka isa Campania.A ƙarshe Carthaginians sun ƙaura zuwa gundumar Falernum, wani kwarin kogin da ke kewaye da duwatsu.Quintus Fabius Maximus Verrucosus, wanda aka zaba a matsayin mai mulkin kama-karya na Romawa kuma kwamandan rundunonin sojojin Roma bayan da aka sha kashi a tafkin Trasimene, ya kare Hannibal kuma ya tsaya kan dabarun yaki kawai a karkashin yanayi mai kyau.Yanzu ya shagaltar da duk mashigar kogin da tsaunuka da ke fitowa daga cikin kwari, don haka ya toshe Carthaginians a ciki.Bayan ya kwashe yankin hatsi, da shanu, da sauran kayayyaki, Hannibal ya nuna dabaru masu kyau don tunzura masu gadin Romawa su bar ɗaya daga cikin fasinja.Duk da korafe-korafen da jami’an ma’aikatansa suka yi, Fabius, wanda ya yi sansani a kusa da hanyar wucewa tare da manyan sojojinsa, ya ki kai wa sojojin Carthaginian hari, kuma hakan ya kubuta daga tarkon.

Gallic Boii ya ba da mamaki kuma ya lalata sojojin Roma mai mutane 25,000 a karkashin zaɓaɓɓen jakadan Lucius Postumius Albinus kuma ya lalatar da sojojin Romawa, mutane goma ne kawai suka tsira daga kwanton bauna, Gauls suka kama wasu fursunoni kaɗan kuma aka kashe Postumius, an kashe gawarsa. yanke kansa kuma an lulluɓe kwanyarsa da zinariya kuma Boii ya yi amfani da shi azaman ƙoƙon bikin.Labarin wannan bala’i na soja, da ya isa Roma wataƙila bayan zaɓen jakadu na shekara ta 215 K.Z. a lokacin bazara na shekara ta 215 K.Z. ko kuma bayan shan kaye a Cannae a faɗuwar shekara ta 216 K.Z., ya sake tayar da firgici a Roma kuma ya tilasta wa Romawa su dage ayyukan soja a kan ’yan tawaye. Gauls har zuwa ƙarshen Yaƙin azaba na Biyu.Roma ta yanke shawarar mayar da hankali kan cin nasara da Hannibal kuma ta aika da runduna biyu kawai don kare duk wani harin Gallic, duk da haka, Boii da Insubres ba su kai hari ga Romawa don cin nasara ba.Cisalpine Gaul ya kasance cikin kwanciyar hankali har zuwa 207 KZ, lokacin da Hasdrubal Barca ya isa Cisapline Gaul tare da sojojinsa daga Spain.kabilu, wato Veneti, da Cenomani, a cikin 224 KZ.Bayan haka, Romawa sun ci Insubres a Accrrae, sannan a yakin Clastidium a shekara ta 223 KZ kuma aka dauki babban birninsu Mediolanum a shekara ta 222 KZ, wanda ya kai ga mika wuya.

Da yawa daga cikin jihohin kudancin Italiya sun haɗa kansu da Hannibal, ko kuma an kama su lokacin da ƙungiyoyi masu goyon bayan Carthaginian suka ci amanar kariyarsu.Biyu daga cikin manyan kabilun Samnite su ma sun shiga hanyar Carthaginian.A shekara ta 214 KZ, yawancin kudancin Italiya sun juya wa Roma.Babban riba shine birni na biyu mafi girma na Italiya, Capua, lokacin da sojojin Hannibal suka shiga Campania a shekara ta 216 KZ.Mazaunan Capua suna da ƙayyadaddun ƴan ƙasa na Romawa kuma an danganta masu mulkin Romawa ta hanyar aure da abokantaka, amma yuwuwar zama birni mafi girma na Italiya bayan bala'i na Romawa ya tabbatar da jaraba sosai.Ana iya kwatanta yarjejeniyar tsakanin su da Hannibal a matsayin yarjejeniyar abota, tun da Capuans ba su da wani wajibai.Lokacin da birnin Locri mai tashar jiragen ruwa ya koma Carthage a lokacin rani na 215 KZ an yi amfani da shi nan da nan don ƙarfafa sojojin Carthaginian a Italiya tare da sojoji, kayayyaki da giwayen yaki.Shi ne kawai lokacin yakin Carthage ya karfafa Hannibal.Runduna ta biyu, ƙarƙashin ƙanin Hannibal Mago, ana nufin ta sauka a Italiya a shekara ta 215 KZ, amma an karkatar da ita zuwa Iberia bayan babbar nasara ta Carthaginian a can.

Bayan sun murmure daga asarar su a Trebia (218 KZ) da Lake Trasimene (217 KZ), Romawa sun yanke shawarar shiga Hannibal a Cannae, tare da kusan 86,000 na Roman da sojojin kawance.Sun tara manyan sojojinsu cikin tsari mai zurfi fiye da yadda aka saba, yayin da Hannibal ya yi amfani da dabarar lullube biyu ya kewaye makiyinsa, ya kama yawancin sojojin Romawa, wadanda aka kashe.Asarar rayuka a bangaren Romawa na nufin ta kasance daya daga cikin mafi munin ranaku guda na fada a tarihi.Kimanin 15,000 na Romawa ne kawai, yawancinsu daga sansanin sansani ne kuma ba su shiga yaƙi ba, sun tsira daga mutuwa.Bayan shan kaye, Capua da wasu jahohin Italiya da dama sun fice daga Jamhuriyar Roma zuwa Carthage.Sa’ad da labarin wannan cin nasara ya kai Roma, birnin ya cika da firgici.Hukumomi sun ɗauki matakai na ban mamaki, waɗanda suka haɗa da tuntuɓar Littattafan Sibylline, aika tawaga karkashin jagorancin Quintus Fabius Pictor don tuntuɓar Maganar Delphic a Girka, da kuma binne mutane huɗu da rai don hadaya ga gumakansu.

Hasdrubal ya shafe sauran shekara ta 217 KZ da dukan 216 KZ yana fatattakar 'yan kabilar Iberian 'yan tawaye masu tawaye, galibi a kudu.Karkashin matsin lamba daga Carthage don ƙarfafa Hannibal, kuma an ƙarfafa shi sosai, Hasdrubal ya sake tafiya arewa a farkon 215 KZ.A halin yanzu, Scipio, wanda shi ma an ƙarfafa shi, da ɗan'uwansa Publius, ya ketare Ebro don ya kewaye garin Ibera da ke da alaƙa da Carthagin.Hasdrubal ya matso ya ba da yaƙi, wanda Scipios ya yarda.Duka rundunonin biyu masu girmansu iri ɗaya ne, mazaje kusan 25,000 ne.Lokacin da suka yi arangama, tsakiyar sojojin Hasdrubal - wanda ya kunshi 'yan kabilar Iberian da aka dauka a cikin gida - sun gudu ba tare da fada ba.Sojojin Romawa sun tura ta ratar, suka juya zuwa kowane bangare a kan ragowar sojojin Carthaginian kuma suka lullube su.An bayar da rahoton cewa bangarorin biyu sun samu munanan raunuka;Ƙila Carthaginians' sun yi nauyi sosai.An kori sansanin Carthaginian, amma Hasdrubal ya tsere da yawancin sojojin dawakinsa.'Yan'uwan Scipio sun ci gaba da manufofin su na mamaye kabilun Iberian da kuma kai hari ga dukiyar Carthaginian.Hasdrubal ya rasa damar ƙarfafa Hannibal lokacin da yake kan kololuwar nasararsa kuma an karkatar da sojojin da ke shirin tafiya Italiya zuwa Iberia.Wannan tasiri akan yuwuwar ƙarfafawa ga Hannibal ya sa ɗan tarihi Klaus Zimmermann ya faɗi "Nasarar Scipios… mai yiwuwa ita ce ƙaƙƙarfan yaƙin yaƙi".

An yi yakin farko na Herdonia a shekara ta 212 KZ a lokacin Yaƙin Punic na biyu tsakanin sojojin Carthaginian na Hannibal da sojojin Roma karkashin jagorancin Praetor Gnaeus Fulvius Flaccus, ɗan'uwan jakadan.An halaka sojojin Romawa, inda aka bar Apulia daga Romawa har tsawon shekara.A cikin 'yan makonni, Hannibal ya kashe 31,000 na Romawa da sojojin kawance a yaƙe-yaƙe biyu a Campania da Apulia.Bayan yakin Herdonia, Hannibal ya nufi kudu zuwa Tarentum, inda aka kewaye da Romawa a cikin kagara yayin da garin ya fada hannun abokan Carthagin a farkon 212 KZ.Majalisar dattijai ta Roma ta yanke shawarar tara sabbin runduna huɗu don aika zuwa Apulia.Ministocin Romawa sun yi tattaki kusa da Capua, da nufin su tare birnin gaba ɗaya.

A lokacin 216 KZ, Sarkin Makidoniya, Philip V, ya yi alkawarin goyon bayan Hannibal - don haka ya fara yakin Makidoniya na farko da Roma a shekara ta 215 KZ.Romawa sun damu cewa Masedoniyawa za su yi ƙoƙari su haye mashigin Otranto su sauka a Italiya.Sun karfafa sojojin ruwansu da ke yankin da karfi tare da tura wata runduna da za ta gadi, kuma barazanar ta ci tura.A cikin 211 KZ Roma ta ƙunshi Masedoniyawa ta hanyar haɗa kai da Ƙungiyar Aetolian, haɗin gwiwar adawa da Macedonia na jihohin birnin Girka.A shekara ta 205 K.Z., wannan yaƙin ya ƙare da zaman lafiya.

Wani muhimmin sashi na yakin Hannibal a Italiya shine ƙoƙarin yaƙar Romawa ta hanyar amfani da albarkatun gida;tara masu daukar ma'aikata daga cikin al'ummar yankin.Mataimakinsa Hanno ya iya tara sojoji a Samnium a shekara ta 214 KZ.Sojojin Roma karkashin Tiberius Sempronius Gracchus sun yi nasara kan sojojin Carthaginian na Hanno a yakin Beneventum, suna musun ƙarfafa Hannibal.Harin da ya biyo baya ya kai ga halaka sojojin Hanno gaba daya tare da kwace sansaninsa;Kasa da 2,000 daga cikin mutanensa sun tsere da rayukansu ciki har da Hanno.Gracchus, bayan yaƙin, ya zarce zuwa Lucania, don hana Hanno tada wani runduna a wannan yanki da kuma amfani da su don ƙarfafa Hannibal.A ƙarshe Gracchus ya iya tura Hanno zuwa Bruttium sakamakon nasarar da ya samu a wajen Beneventum.Da yake an yi masa fashin begen ƙarfafawa da ake buƙata, Hannibal ya tilasta masa ya yarda cewa ba zai iya gudanar da yaƙin neman zaɓe a Campania ba.Hannibal zai iya lashe abokansa, amma kare su a kan Romawa wata sabuwar matsala ce mai wuyar gaske, kamar yadda Romawa za su iya yin amfani da runduna da yawa, wanda a cikin duka ya fi nasa yawa.

Yaƙin Nola na uku an yi shi ne a shekara ta 214 KZ tsakanin Hannibal da rundunar Romawa karkashin jagorancin Marcus Claudius Marcellus.Wannan ne karo na uku da Hannibal ya yi yunkurin kwace garin Nola.Har yanzu, Marcellus ya yi nasarar hana kama garin.

A cikin 215 KZ, jikan Hiero, Hieronymus, ya zo kan karagar mulki a kan mutuwar kakansa kuma Syracuse ya fadi a ƙarƙashin rinjayar wata ƙungiya mai adawa da Romawa, ciki har da kawunsa guda biyu, a cikin manyan Syracusan.Duk da yunƙurin diflomasiyya, yaƙi ya barke tsakanin Jamhuriyar Romawa da Masarautar Syracuse a shekara ta 214 KZ, yayin da Romawa ke ci gaba da fafatawa da Carthage a tsayin yaƙin Punic na biyu (218-201 KZ).Rundunar Romawa karkashin jagorancin mai mulki Marcus Claudius Marcellus saboda haka suka kewaye birnin tashar jiragen ruwa ta ruwa da ƙasa a shekara ta 213 K.Z..Birnin Syracuse, wanda ke gabashin gabar tekun Sicily ya yi suna saboda manyan katangarsa, manyan ganuwar da ke kare birnin daga farmaki.Daga cikin masu kare Syracuse akwai masanin lissafi kuma masanin kimiyya Archimedes.An aika da babban sojojin Carthaginian karkashin jagorancin Himilco don su taimaka wa birnin a shekara ta 213 KZ kuma wasu garuruwan Sicilian da yawa sun rabu da Romawa.A cikin bazara na shekara ta 212 K.Z., Romawa sun kai wa Syracuse hari da dare kuma suka kama gundumomi da yawa na birnin.A halin yanzu, sojojin Carthaginian sun gurgunta da annoba.Bayan da Carthaginians suka kasa mayar da birnin, sauran Syracuse sun faɗi a cikin kaka na 212 KZ;Wani sojan Roma ne ya kashe Archimedes.

An yi yakin Silarus a shekara ta 212 KZ tsakanin sojojin Hannibal da sojojin Roma karkashin jagorancin jarumi Marcus Centenius Penula.Carthaginians sun yi nasara, suka halaka dukan sojojin Roma kuma suka kashe sojojin Roma 15,000 a cikin wannan tsari.Bayan yaƙin, Hannibal bai bi rundunar Claudius ba.Maimakon haka, ya zarce gabas zuwa Apulia, inda sojojin Roma a ƙarƙashin Praetor Gnaeus Flavius ​​Flaccus ke kai farmaki kan garuruwan da ke da alaƙa da Carthage.Sojoji na ofishin jakadancin Romawa, ba su da Hannibal, sun haɗa kai kuma suka ci gaba da cin zarafi na Capua.Hanno dattijo ya kasance a Bruttium.

Hannibal ya sanya Capua lokacin hunturu a cikin 215 KZ, kuma ya gudanar da yakinsa a kan Nola da Casilinum daga can.Romawa sun yi ƙoƙari su yi tafiya a Capua sau da yawa tun lokacin da suka bijire amma sojojin Hannibal sun ci tura saboda dawowar sojojin Hannibal da suka yi gaggawar karewa.A shekara ta 212 K.Z., sun ga sun zuba jari a birnin don kewaye, ba su damu da asarar mutane kusan 16,000 ga Hannibal a Yaƙin Herdoniya ba.An ci gaba da kewayen har zuwa shekara ta 211 KZ, yayin da Hannibal ke shagaltuwa a kudancin Italiya, Romawa suna amfani da sabbin sojoji masu makamai (velites) don kawar da kai hari daga sojojin dawakai na Capuan.Hannibal ya yi ƙoƙari ya sauƙaƙa Capua ta hanyar tsallaka cikin kewayen Romawa;kuma sa’ad da hakan ya ci tura, sai ya yi ƙoƙari ya karya kewayen ta hanyar tafiya ƙasar Roma da kanta, yana begen cewa barazanar za ta tilasta wa sojojin Roma su daina yaƙin kuma su koma Roma don su kāre ta.Da zarar sojojin Romawa sun kasance a fili, sai ya juya ya yi yaƙi da su kuma ya sake cinye su, ya 'yantar da Capua daga barazanar.Duk da haka, Hannibal ya sami tsaro na Roma yana da matukar damuwa don kai hari kuma kamar yadda ya tsara wannan motsi a matsayin abin ƙyama, ya rasa duka kayayyaki da kayan aiki don kewaye.Makiyayan Romawa na Capua, sun san haka, sun yi watsi da tafiyarsa zuwa Roma kuma sun ƙi su daina kewaye da su, ko da yake Livy ya ba da rahoton cewa zaɓaɓɓun sojojin agaji sun yi tattaki daga Capua zuwa Roma.Halinsa da ya gaza, Hannibal an tilasta masa ya koma kudu kuma Capua ba ta da rai ya fada hannun Romawa jim kadan bayan haka.

Carthage ya aika ƙarin ƙarfafawa zuwa Sicily a cikin 211 KZ kuma ya ci gaba da kai hari.A shekara ta 211 KZ, Hannibal ya aika da rundunar sojan doki na Numidiya zuwa Sicily, wanda ƙwararrun jami'in Liby-Phoenician Mottones ya jagoranta, wanda ya yi hasarar da yawa ga sojojin Romawa ta hanyar kai hari da gudu.Wani sabon sojan Romawa ya kai farmaki babban sansanin Carthaginian da ke tsibirin, Agrigentum, a shekara ta 210 K.Z., kuma wani jami’in Carthaginian da bai gamsu da shi ya ci amanar birnin ga Romawa ba.Sauran garuruwan da ke karkashin ikon Carthaginan sannan suka mika wuya ko kuma aka kama su ta hanyar karfi ko yaudara kuma aka ci gaba da samar da hatsin Sicilian zuwa Rome da sojojinsa.

Mutanen Carthaginians sun sha fama da ɓarkewar ƙabilun Celtiberian gida zuwa Roma.Shugabannin Romawa sun kama Saguntum a shekara ta 212 KZ kuma a shekara ta 211 K.Z. sun hayar da sojojin haya 20,000 na Celtiberiya don ƙarfafa sojojinsu.Da yake lura da cewa an tura sojojin Carthaginian guda uku ba tare da juna ba, Romawa sun raba sojojinsu.Wannan dabarar ta haifar da yaƙin Castulo da yaƙin Ilorca, wanda galibi ana kiransa tare da yaƙin Upper Baetis.Duk yaƙe-yaƙe biyu sun ƙare a ci gaba da cin nasara ga Romawa, kamar yadda Hasdrubal ya ba wa sojojin hayar Rum cin hanci.'Yan gudun hijirar Romawa sun gudu daga arewacin Ebro, inda a ƙarshe suka tattara sojojin hodge-podge na sojoji 8,000-9,000.Kwamandojin Carthaginian ba su yi wani yunƙuri na haɗin gwiwa ba don shafe waɗannan da suka tsira sannan su aika da taimako ga Hannibal.A ƙarshen 211 KZ, Roma ta aika da sojoji 13,100 a ƙarƙashin Claudius Nero don ƙarfafa sojojinta a Iberia.Ko Nero bai ci wani gagarumin nasara ba ko kuma Carthaginians sun kaddamar da wani hari na hadin gwiwa kan Romawa a Iberia.Tare da sojojin Carthaginian a Iberia sun kasa kawar da Romawa, Hannibal ba zai sami wani ƙarfafawa daga Iberia ba a lokacin muhimmiyar shekara ta 211 KZ, lokacin da Romawa suka kewaye Capua.

Yaƙi na biyu na Herdonia ya faru ne a shekara ta 210 KZ a lokacin Yaƙin ƙunci na Biyu.Hannibal, shugaban Carthaginians, wanda ya mamaye Italiya shekaru takwas da suka wuce, ya kewaye kuma ya lalata sojojin Roma da ke yaki da abokansa a Apulia.Babban shan kashi ya ƙara nauyin yaƙi a kan Roma kuma, ya tara a kan bala'o'in soja na baya (irin su Lake Trasimene, Cannae, da sauransu), ya tsananta dangantaka da abokanta na Italiya.Ga Hannibal yaƙin ya kasance nasara ta dabara, amma bai daɗe ba ci gaban Romawa.A cikin shekaru uku masu zuwa Romawa sun sake mamaye yawancin yankuna da garuruwan da suka rasa a farkon yakin kuma suka tura Janar Carthaginian zuwa kudu maso yammacin yankin Apennine.Yaƙin shine nasarar Carthagin na ƙarshe na yaƙin;duk yaƙe-yaƙen da suka biyo baya ko dai ba su ƙare ba ko kuma nasarar Romawa.Nasarar ba ta kawo fa'ida ga Hannibal ba.Da yake yanke hukunci cewa a cikin dogon lokaci ba zai iya rike Herdonia ba, Janar Carthaginian ya yanke shawarar sake tsugunar da jama'arta a Metapontum da Thurii zuwa kudu tare da lalata birnin da kansa.Kafin haka ya ba da misali ga sauran maciya amana ta hanyar aiwatar da wasu fitattun 'yan kasar da suka hada baki don cin amanar Herdonia ga Centumalus.Domin sauran lokacin bazara an tilasta masa ya yi yaƙi da sojojin Roma na biyu.Yaƙi na gaba tare da Marcellus a Numistro bai dace ba kuma Hannibal ya kasa sake samun matsayin da aka rasa a farkon yakin.

Kwamandan Romawa Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus ya tashi zuwa Spain (Iberia) a tsakiyar 210 KZ, kuma ya ciyar da farkon lokacin sanyi yana shirya sojojinsa (jimilar sojojin Spain sun kai kimanin mutane 30,000) da kuma shirin kai hari a New Carthage.Tare da zuwan Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus, ɗan Publius Scipio, tare da wasu sojoji 10,000 a shekara ta 210 KZ, Carthaginians za su yi nadama da rashin aikin da suka yi a baya lokacin da suka shiga yakin Cartagena a 209 KZ.Masu adawa da shi su ne manyan jami'an Carthaginian uku (Hasdrubal Barca, Mago Barca da Hasdrubal Gisco), wadanda ke da mummunar sha'awar juna, sun warwatse a geographically (Hasdrubal Barca a tsakiyar Spain, Mago kusa da Gibraltar da Hasdrubal kusa da bakin kogin Tagus). kuma aƙalla kwanaki 10 daga New Carthage.An gudanar da yakin Roman a cikin hunturu don kama sabon Carthage ta amfani da kashi na mamaki.Yaƙin Cartagena a shekara ta 209 KZ, harin Romawa ne na nasara.Tare da faduwar New Carthage, Romawa sun tilasta wa Carthaginians su mika wuya ga dukan gabashin bakin tekun Spain, da kuma kama babban adadin shagunan soja da ma'adinan azurfa da ke kusa.

Yakin Tarentum na shekara ta 209 KZ wani yaki ne a Yakin Hudu na Biyu.Romawa karkashin jagorancin Quintus Fabius Maximus Verrucosus, sun sake kwato birnin Tarentum da ya ci amanar su a yakin Tarentum na farko a shekara ta 212 KZ.A wannan karon, kwamandan birnin, Carthalo, ya juya wa Carthaginians, kuma ya goyi bayan Romawa.

Wani babban hari na Romawa, wanda ya kasance wani ɓangare na shi, yana da nufin cin nasara da kuma azabtar da garuruwa da kabilun da suka yi watsi da kawance da Roma bayan yakin Cannae, da kuma rage tushen jagoran Carthaginian, Hannibal, a kudancin Italiya.Yaƙin Canusium wani lamari ne na gasa na tsawon shekaru tsakanin Hannibal da Janar Marcus Claudius Marcellus na Romawa don iko akan wannan yanki.Kamar yadda babu wani bangare da ya sami gagarumar nasara kuma duka biyun sun yi asara mai yawa (har zuwa 14,000 da aka kashe gabaɗaya), sakamakon wannan haɗin gwiwa ya buɗe ga fassarori dabam-dabam na tsoffin tarihi da na zamani.Yayin da Marcellus ya yi rauni a Canusium, duk da haka ya duba na ɗan lokaci ƙungiyoyin manyan sojojin Punic don haka ya ba da gudummawa ga nasarar da Romawa suka samu a lokaci guda a kan abokan Hannibal a Magna Graecia da Lucania.

Yaƙin Baecula babban yaƙin fage ne a Iberia a lokacin Yaƙin Punic na Biyu.Sojojin Roman Republican da na Iberia karkashin jagorancin Scipio Africanus sun fatattaki sojojin Carthaginian na Hasdrubal Barca.Bayan yakin, Hasdrubal ya jagoranci sojojinsa da suka lalace (wanda akasari 'yan amshin shata na Celtiberiya da Gallic warriors ne suka kafa) akan hanyar yammacin Pyrenees zuwa Gaul, daga baya kuma zuwa Italiya a ƙoƙarin shiga ɗan'uwansa Hannibal.Majalisar Dattijan Roma ta soki gazawar Scipio na dakatar da tattakin Hasdrubal zuwa Italiya.Scipio bai yi amfani da nasararsa a Baecula ba don fitar da Carthaginians daga Iberia, maimakon haka ya zaɓi ya janye zuwa tushe a Tarraco.Ya kulla kawance da yawancin kabilun Iberian, wadanda suka sauya sheka bayan nasarar Romawa a Carthago Nova da Baecula.Ƙarfafawar Carthaginian sun sauka a Iberia a cikin 207 KZ, kuma nan da nan za su ƙaddamar da ƙoƙari na ƙarshe don dawo da asarar su a yakin Ilipa a 206 KZ.

Bayan yakin Baecula, Hasdrubal ya janye yawancin sojojinsa cikin tsari mai kyau;yawancin asararsa na cikin abokansa na Iberian.Scipio bai iya hana Hasdrubal ya jagoranci sojojinsa da suka lalace ba a yammacin yammacin Pyrenees zuwa Gaul.A cikin 207 KZ, bayan da Hasdrubal ya ɗauki ma'aikata sosai a Gaul, ya tsallaka tsaunukan Alps zuwa Italiya a yunƙurin shiga da ɗan'uwansa Hannibal.

A cikin bazara na shekara ta 207 KZ, Hasdrubal Barca ta haye tsaunukan Alps kuma suka mamaye arewacin Italiya tare da sojoji 35,000.Burinsa shi ne ya haɗa sojojinsa da na ɗan'uwansa Hannibal, amma Hannibal bai san kasancewarsa ba.Dakarun Romawa sun kasance karkashin jagorancin jakadun Marcus Livius, wanda daga baya aka yi masa lakabi da Salinator, da Gaius Claudius Nero.Romawa suna fuskantar Hannibal a kudancin Italiya sun yaudare shi ya yarda cewa dukan sojojin Romawa suna cikin sansanin, yayin da wani yanki mai yawa ya yi tafiya zuwa arewa kuma ya ƙarfafa Romawa suna fuskantar Hasdrubal.Claudius Nero ya yi yaƙi da Hannibal a Grumentum, wasu ɗaruruwan kilomita kudu da kogin Metaurus, kuma ya isa Marcus Livius ta hanyar tilastawa wanda Hannibal da Hasdrubal ba su lura da su ba, ta yadda Carthaginians suka sami kansu ba zato ba tsammani.A cikin yaƙin, Romawa sun yi amfani da fifikonsu na lamba don fitar da sojojin Carthaginian da fatattakar su, Carthaginians sun rasa mazaje 15,400 da aka kashe ko kama, ciki har da Hasdrubal.Yaƙin ya tabbatar da ikon Romawa a kan Italiya.Ba tare da sojojin Hasdrubal sun goyi bayansa ba, Hannibal ya tilasta wa Hannibal barin garuruwan da ke goyon bayan Carthaginian a yawancin kudancin Italiya a fuskantar matsin lamba na Romawa kuma ya janye zuwa Bruttium, inda zai zauna na shekaru hudu masu zuwa.

A shekara ta 213 K.Z., Syphax, wani sarkin Numidiya mai ƙarfi a Arewacin Afirka, ya sanar da Roma.A saboda haka an tura sojojin Carthaginan zuwa Arewacin Afirka daga Spain.A cikin 206 KZ, Carthaginians sun ƙare wannan magudanar ruwa akan albarkatunsu ta hanyar raba masarautun Numidia da yawa tare da Syphax.Ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda ba a gadar ba shine yarima Masinissa na Numidia, wanda ta haka aka tura shi cikin hannun Roma.

Yakin Ilipa wani alkawari ne da mutane da yawa suka dauka a matsayin Scipio Africanus mafi kyawun nasara a aikinsa na soja a lokacin Yakin azaba na Biyu a 206 KZ.Ko da yake yana iya zama kamar ba shi da asali kamar dabarar Hannibal a Cannae, Scipio's pre-yakin maneuver da nasa Cannae samuwar ya tsaya a matsayin acme na dabara iyawar, a cikin abin da ya har abada karya Carthaginian riƙe a Iberia, don haka musun wani ƙarin ƙasa. mamayewa zuwa Italiya tare da yanke wani tushe mai wadata ga daular Barca duka a azurfa da ma'aikata.Bayan yaƙin, Hasdrubal Gisco ya tafi Afirka don ziyartar sarkin Numidiya mai ƙarfi Syphax, wanda Scipio ya gamu da shi a fadarsa, wanda kuma yana neman yardar Numidiyawa.Mago Barca ya gudu zuwa Balearics, inda zai tashi zuwa Liguria da yunkurin mamaye arewacin Italiya.Bayan nasararsa ta ƙarshe na Carthaginian Iberia da ɗaukar fansa a kan sarakunan Iberian, waɗanda cin amanarsu ya kai ga mutuwar mahaifinsa da kawunsa, Scipio ya koma Roma.An zabe shi a matsayin karamin jakada a shekara ta 205 KZ tare da zaɓe na gaba ɗaya, kuma bayan ya sami amincewar Majalisar Dattijai, zai sami ikon Sicily a matsayin mai mulki, daga inda za a sami nasarar mamaye ƙasar Carthaginian.

A shekara ta 205 KZ an ba da Publius Scipio shugaban runduna a Sicily kuma an ba shi izinin shigar da masu aikin sa kai don shirinsa na kawo ƙarshen yaƙi ta hanyar mamaye Afirka.Bayan ya sauka a Afirka a shekara ta 204 K.Z., Masinissa da rundunar sojan doki na Numidiya suka haɗa shi.Scipio sau biyu ya ba da yaƙi kuma ya lalata manyan sojojin Carthaginan biyu.Bayan haduwa ta biyu Syphax ya bi shi kuma Masinisa ya kama shi a kurkuku a yakin Cirta;Daga nan Masinissa ya kwace yawancin mulkin Syphax da taimakon Romawa.

Yaƙin ko kuma, daidai gwargwado, yaƙe-yaƙe na Croton a cikin 204 da 203 KZ sun kasance, da kuma hari a Cisalpine Gaul, babban ma'auni na ƙarshe tsakanin Romawa da Carthaginians a Italiya a lokacin Yaƙin Punic na Biyu.Bayan da Hannibal ya koma Bruttium saboda Metaurus debacle, Romawa sun ci gaba da ƙoƙari su toshe sojojinsa daga samun damar shiga Tekun Ionian kuma sun yanke tserensa zuwa Carthage ta hanyar kama Croton.Kwamandan na Carthaginian ya yi ƙoƙari ya ci gaba da riƙe shi a tashar jiragen ruwa mai inganci na ƙarshe wanda ya kasance a hannunsa bayan shekaru da yawa na fada kuma ya yi nasara a karshe.Kamar yadda Scipio ya annabta, duk da ƙoƙarin Hannibal, an yanke shawarar gwagwarmaya tsakanin Roma da Carthage daga Italiya.Janar na Romawa ya yi galaba a kan Carthaginians a Afirka kuma sun nemi taimako.Yayin da Hannibal yana cikin Bruttium, an kori ɗan'uwansa Mago kuma ya ji rauni a wani yaƙi a Arewacin Italiya.Sauran sojojin Mago sun koma Carthage kuma suka shiga Hannibal don su tsaya a kan Scipio a Zama.

Yakin Manyan Filaye (Latin: Campi Magni) yaqi ne tsakanin sojojin Romawa da Scipio Africanus ke jagoranta da kuma rundunar Carthaginian-Numidian da suka haɗa kai a ƙarshen Yaƙin Punic na Biyu.An yi yaƙin ne a filayen kudancin Bulla Regia a kusa da kogin Bagradas na sama (sunan gargajiya na Medjerda).Bayan yaƙin, Carthaginians ba su da wani zaɓi sai dai su kai ƙara don zaman lafiya da Roma.Scipio ya ba da shawarwari masu dacewa ga Carthaginians a cikin yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya, amma yayin da Carthaginians ke nazarin yarjejeniyar, ba zato ba tsammani sun yanke shawarar tunawa da Hannibal, wanda ke da rundunar sojan sojan soja masu biyayya ga umurninsa, daga Italiya, don sake tsayawa da Roma. a cikin haduwar da za ta zama yakin Zama, wanda ya kawo karshen yakin Punic na biyu kuma ya kammala labarin Scipio Africanus, wanda ya zama daya daga cikin manyan janar-janar na Roma.

Yakin Cirta yaki ne a lokacin Yakin Hudu na Biyu tsakanin dakarun Sarkin Massyli Massinissa da Sarkin Masaesyli, Syphax.Bisa umarnin Janar Scipio Africanus na Romawa, babban kwamandansa, Gaius Laelius da kuma abokinsa Sarki Masinissa, sun bi bayan Syphax zuwa garin Cirta, inda Syphax ya tattara sabbin sojoji don ganawa da janar-janar biyu a fili.Ya ci gaba da tsara su a kan samfurin Romawa, yana fatan yin kwafin ci gaba da nasarar Scipio a fagen fama;yana da ƙarfin da ya isa ya ci Romawa, amma kusan dukan sojojinsa ƴan sanda ne.Ganawar farko ta kasance tsakanin runfunan dawakai guda biyu da ke gaba da juna, kuma ko da yake an fara gwabza fada ne, sa’ad da sojojin dakaru na Roma suka karfafa tazarar dawakinsu, sojojin koren na Syphax suka karye suka gudu.Syphax, ganin yadda ƙarfinsa ke rugujewa, ya nemi ya zaburar da mutanensa su sake haduwa ta hanyar hawa gaba da fallasa kansa ga haɗari.A cikin wannan gagarumin yunƙuri, ba a yi masa doki ba, aka ɗaure shi, kuma ya kasa tattara sojojinsa.Dakarun Romawa sun matsa zuwa Cirta, kuma sun sami iko da garin kawai ta hanyar nuna shugaban Afirka a cikin sarƙoƙi.Matsayin Scipio a Afirka ya tabbata, kuma tare da Janar Hannibal na Carthaginian ya dawo daga Italiya, yakin Zama zai biyo baya.

A shekara ta 205 KZ, Mago ya sauka a Genua a arewa maso yammacin Italiya tare da ragowar sojojinsa na Spain a kokarin da Romawa suka shagaltu da Arewa don haka a kaikaice shirinsu na mamaye yankin Carthage a Afirka (Tunisiya ta zamani).Ya yi nasara sosai wajen sake tayar da tarzoma tsakanin mutane daban-daban ('yan Ligurian, Gauls, Etruscans) a kan mamayar Romawa.Ba da daɗewa ba ya sami ƙarfafa Gallic da Ligurian.Mago ya yi tattaki da sojojinsa na ƙarfafa zuwa ƙasashen manyan ƙawayen Gallic na Carthage a cikin kwarin Po.An tilasta wa Roma ta tattara manyan runduna a kansa wanda a ƙarshe ya haifar da yaƙin da aka yi a ƙasar Insubres (Lombardy).Mago ya sha kashi ya ja da baya.Dabarar karkatar da sojojin makiya ta ci tura yayin da babban kwamandan Roma Publius Cornelius Scipio ya lalatar da Afirka ya kuma shafe sojojin Carthaginawa da aka aika domin halaka maharan.Don magance Scipio, gwamnatin Carthaginian ta tuno Mago daga Italiya (tare da ɗan'uwansa Hannibal, wanda ya kasance a Bruttium har zuwa lokacin).Duk da haka, ragowar sojojin Carthaginian a Cisalpine Gaul sun ci gaba da tursasa Romawa har tsawon shekaru da yawa bayan karshen yakin.

An yi yakin Zama a shekara ta 202 KZ a kusa da Zama, a yanzu a Tunisia, kuma ya kawo karshen yakin azaba na biyu.Sojojin Roma karkashin jagorancin Publius Cornelius Scipio, tare da goyon baya mai mahimmanci daga shugaban Numidiya Masinissa, sun ci sojojin Carthaginian karkashin jagorancin Hannibal.Bayan cin nasara da sojojin Carthaginian da Numidian a yakin Utica da Great Plains, Scipio ya sanya sharuɗɗan zaman lafiya a kan Carthaginians, waɗanda ba su da wani zaɓi sai dai su yarda da su.A lokaci guda kuma, Carthaginians sun tuna da sojojin Hannibal daga Italiya.Amincewa da sojojin Hannibal, Carthaginians sun karya armistice tare da Roma.Scipio da Hannibal sun fuskanci juna a kusa da Zama Regia.Hannibal yana da sojoji 36,000 zuwa Scipio's 29,000.Kashi ɗaya bisa uku na sojojin Hannibal harajin ƴan ƙasa ne, kuma Romawa suna da mahayan doki 6,100 zuwa 4,000 na Carthage, kamar yadda mafi yawan sojojin dawaki na Numidia da Hannibal ya yi aiki da nasara a Italiya sun koma Romawa.Hannibal kuma ya yi aikin giwaye 80 na yaki.Giwayen sun bude yakin ne ta hanyar cajin manyan sojojin Romawa.

Yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya da Romawa suka sanyawa Carthaginians daga baya ta kwace musu dukkan yankunansu na ketare da wasu nasu na Afirka.Za a biya ladar talanti na azurfa 10,000 sama da shekaru 50.An yi garkuwa da su.An hana Carthage mallakar giwayen yaki kuma an takaita jiragensa zuwa jiragen yaki 10.An hana shi yaƙi a wajen Afirka, kuma a Afirka kawai tare da iznin Rome.Yawancin manyan Carthaginians sun so su ƙi shi, amma Hannibal ya yi magana da ƙarfi a cikin yardarsa kuma an yarda da shi a cikin bazara 201 KZ.Daga yanzu ya bayyana a fili cewa Carthage yana ƙarƙashin siyasa a Roma.Scipio ya sami nasara kuma ya karbi agnomen "Africanus".Abokin Afirka na Roma, Sarki Masinissa na Numidia, ya yi amfani da haramcin Carthage na yaƙi don kai hari da kwace yankin Carthaginan ba tare da wani hukunci ba.A shekara ta 149 KZ, shekaru hamsin bayan ƙarshen Yaƙin ƙwanƙwasa na biyu, Carthage ya aika da sojoji, ƙarƙashin Hasdrubal, a kan Masinissa, duk da haka.Yaƙin Punic na uku zai fara nan ba da jimawa ba.