Tawayen Tattalin Arziki da Al'umma

Musamman bayan shekarun 1550, da karuwar zalunci da gwamnonin kananan hukumomi ke yi da kuma karbar sabbin kudade da haraji, kananan al’amura sun fara faruwa tare da karuwa.Bayan fara yaƙe-yaƙe da Farisa , musamman bayan shekara ta 1584, Janissaries sun fara kwace filayen ma’aikatan gona don yin sama da fadi da su, da kuma ba da lamuni mai yawa tare da riba mai yawa, wanda hakan ya sa kudaden shiga na harajin jihar ya ragu sosai.A shekara ta 1598 wani shugaban Sekban, Karayazıcı Abdülhalim, ya haɗa ƙungiyoyin da ba su gamsu da su ba a yankin Anatolia Eyalet, kuma ya kafa tushe mai ƙarfi a Sivas da Dulkadir, inda ya sami damar tilasta wa garuruwa su yi masa godiya.^[11] An ba shi mukamin gwamna na Çorum, amma ya ki mukamin kuma lokacin da aka tura sojojin daular Usmaniyya a kansu, sai ya ja da baya tare da dakarunsa zuwa Urfa, yana neman mafaka a wani kagara mai kagara, wanda ya zama cibiyar juriya na tsawon watanni 18.Saboda tsoron cewa sojojinsa za su yi masa tawaye, sai ya bar gidan, sojojin gwamnati suka ci shi, kuma ya mutu bayan wani lokaci a cikin 1602 saboda dalilai na halitta.Daga nan sai dan uwansa Deli Hasan ya kwace Kutahya da ke yammacin yankin Anatoliya, amma daga baya shi da mabiyansa suka samu nasarar lashe zaben gwamna.^[11]Tawayen Celali, jerin tawaye ne a yankin Anatoliya na sojojin da ba na ka'ida ba karkashin jagorancin shugabannin 'yan fashi da jami'an larduna da aka fi sani da celalî ^[11] kan ikon daular Usmaniyya a karshen karni na 16 da farkon zuwa tsakiyar karni na 17.Tawaye na farko da ake kira irin wannan ya faru ne a shekara ta 1519, a zamanin Sultan Selim na I, kusa da Tokat a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Celâl, mai wa'azin Alevi.Tarihin Ottoman ya yi amfani da sunan Celâl daga baya a matsayin jumla na ƙungiyoyin tawaye a yankin Anatoliya, waɗanda yawancinsu ba su da wata alaƙa ta musamman da asalin Celal.Kamar yadda masana tarihi ke amfani da shi, "Tawayen Celali" suna magana ne da farko ga ayyukan 'yan fashi da masu fada a yankin Anatoliya daga c.1590 zuwa 1610, tare da na biyu kalaman na Celali aiki, a wannan lokaci jagorancin tawaye gwamnonin larduna maimakon 'yan fashi shugabannin, dawwama daga 1622 zuwa murkushe tawaye na Abaza Hasan Pasha a 1659. Wadannan tawaye sun kasance mafi girma kuma mafi dadewa a cikin tarihin daular Usmaniyya.Babban tashe-tashen hankula sun haɗa da sekbans (dakaru na musketeers ba bisa ka'ida ba) da sipahis (masan doki da tallafin ƙasa ke kiyayewa).Tawayen ba yunƙurin hambarar da gwamnatin Ottoman ba ne, amma sun kasance martani ne ga rikicin zamantakewa da tattalin arziƙin da ya samo asali daga abubuwa da yawa: matsin lamba na alƙaluma biyo bayan haɓakar yawan jama'a da ba a taɓa gani ba a ƙarni na 16, wahalar yanayi mai alaƙa da ƙaramin ƙanƙara, a faduwar darajar kudin, da kuma tara dubunnan masu fafutuka na Sekban ga sojojin Daular Usmaniyya a lokacin yake-yakensu da Habsburgs da Safavids , wadanda suka koma 'yan fashi lokacin da aka korisu.Shugabannin Celali sukan nemi bai wuce a nada su gwamnonin larduna a cikin daular ba, yayin da wasu ke fafutuka kan wasu dalilai na siyasa, kamar kokarin Abaza Mehmed Pasha na hambarar da gwamnatin Janissary da aka kafa bayan juyin mulkin Osman II a 1622, ko kuma na Abaza Hasan Pasha. sha'awar hambarar da babban vizier Köprülü Mehmed Pasha.Shugabannin Ottoman sun fahimci dalilin da ya sa 'yan tawayen Celali ke yin buƙatu, don haka suka ba wa wasu daga cikin shugabannin Celali ayyukan gwamnati don dakatar da tawaye da kuma mayar da su cikin tsarin.Sojojin Ottoman sun yi amfani da karfi wajen fatattakar wadanda ba su samu aikin yi ba, suka ci gaba da yaki.Tawayen Celali dai ya kare ne a lokacin da shugabanin da suka fi karfi suka zama wani bangare na tsarin Ottoman sannan kuma sojojin daular Usmaniyya suka fatattaki masu rauni.Janissaries da tsaffin 'yan tawaye da suka shiga daular Ottoman sun yi yaki don ci gaba da rike sabbin ayyukan gwamnati.