Polans, ƙabilar Slavic ta Yamma da Lechitic, sun kasance ginshiƙai a cikin ci gaban ƙasar Poland ta farko, sun kafa kansu a cikin kogin Warta na yankin da yanzu shine Babban Poland daga karni na 6.Kusa da sauran ƙungiyoyin Slavic kamar Vistulans da Masovia, da Czechs da Slovaks, sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a yanayin ƙabilanci na tsakiyar Turai.A karni na 9, a karkashin jagorancin daular Piast, Polans sun haɗu da ƙungiyoyin Slavic da dama a arewacin Great Moravia, suna kafa tushen abin da zai zama Duchy na Poland.Wannan mahaluƙi daga baya ya samo asali zuwa wata ƙaƙƙarfan tsari a ƙarƙashin mai mulkin farko da aka tabbatar da tarihi, Mieszko I (ya yi mulki 960 – 992), wanda ya faɗaɗa yankin ya haɗa da yankuna kamar Masovia, Silesia, da ƙasashen Vistulan na Ƙananan Poland.Sunan "Poland" da kansa ya samo asali ne daga Polans, yana nuna muhimmiyar rawa a tarihin farko na al'umma.Sakamakon binciken archaeological ya gano manyan ƙarnuka na jihar Polan ta farko, gami da:Giecz: daga inda daular Piast ta mika ikonsuPoznań: mai yiwuwa babban tushen siyasaGniezno: ana zaton shine cibiyar addiniOstrow Lednicki: ƙaramin ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan tsari ne tsakanin Poznań da Gniezno.Waɗannan rukunin yanar gizon suna nuna mahimmancin gudanarwa da biki na waɗannan wuraren a farkon samuwar jihar Poland.Dagome iudex daftarin aiki, tun daga zamanin mulkin Mieszko, ya ba da hangen nesa game da girman Poland a ƙarshen karni na 10, yana kwatanta jihar da ta shimfiɗa tsakanin Kogin Oder da Rus, da kuma tsakanin Ƙananan Poland da Tekun Baltic.Wannan lokacin shine farkon yanayin tarihi na Poland, wanda ya yi tasiri sosai ta hanyar dabaru da ci gaban al'adu da Polan suka qaddamar.