Ƙaruwar farashin kayan masarufi masu mahimmanci ya haifar da zanga-zangar Poland na 1970. A cikin Disamba, an sami tarzoma da yajin aiki a biranen tashar jiragen ruwa na Tekun Baltic Gdańsk, Gdynia, da Szczecin wanda ya nuna rashin gamsuwa da yanayin rayuwa da aiki a ƙasar.Don farfado da tattalin arziki, daga 1971 gwamnatin Gierek ta gabatar da sauye-sauye masu yawa wadanda suka hada da manyan rancen kasashen waje.Wadannan ayyuka da farko sun haifar da ingantattun yanayi ga masu amfani, amma a cikin ƴan shekaru dabarun ya ci tura kuma tattalin arzikin ya tabarbare.Tarayyar Soviet ta zargi Edward Gierek da rashin bin shawararsu ta ‘yan’uwa, da rashin karfafa jam’iyyar gurguzu da kungiyoyin kwadago na hukuma da kuma kyale dakarun ‘yan gurguzu’ su fito.A ranar 5 ga Satumba 1980, Stanisław Kania ya maye gurbin Gierek a matsayin sakataren farko na PZPR.Wakilan kwamitocin ma'aikata na gaggawa daga ko'ina cikin Poland sun hallara a Gdańsk a ranar 17 ga Satumba kuma sun yanke shawarar kafa wata kungiya ta kasa guda daya mai suna "Solidarity".A cikin Fabrairun 1981, Ministan Tsaro Janar Wojciech Jaruzelski ya zama Firayim Minista.Dukansu Solidarity da jam'iyyar gurguzu sun rabu sosai kuma Soviets sun yi rashin haƙuri.An sake zaben Kania a Jam’iyyar Congress a watan Yuli, amma tabarbarewar tattalin arzikin ya ci gaba da tabarbarewar gaba daya.A taron farko na Solidarity National Congress a watan Satumba-Oktoba 1981 a Gdańsk, Lech Wałęsa aka zaba shugaban kungiyar na kasa da kashi 55% na kuri'un.An yi kira ga ma'aikatan sauran kasashen Gabashin Turai, inda aka bukace su da su bi tafarkin hadin kai.Ga Soviets, taron ya kasance "mai adawa da 'yan gurguzu da kuma anti-Soviet Orgy" kuma shugabannin gurguzu na Poland, da Jaruzelski da Janar Czesław Kiszczak suka jagoranta, sun kasance a shirye su yi amfani da karfi.A cikin Oktoba 1981, an nada Jaruzelski a matsayin sakataren farko na PZPR.Kuri'u na Plenum ya kasance 180 zuwa 4, kuma ya ci gaba da rike mukaman gwamnatinsa.Jaruzelski ya nemi majalisar dokokin kasar da ta haramta yajin aiki tare da ba shi damar yin amfani da iko na ban mamaki, amma lokacin da ba a amince da bukatarsa ​​ba, ya yanke shawarar ci gaba da shirye-shiryensa.