Tawayen Bar Kokhba (132-136 CE), wanda Simon bar Kokhba ya jagoranta, shi ne Yaƙin Yahudawa-Romawa na uku kuma na ƙarshe.^[107] Wannan tawaye, amsa ga manufofin Romawa a Yahudiya, ciki har da kafa Aelia Capitolina a kan rushewar Urushalima da haikalin Jupiter a kan Dutsen Haikali, da farko ya yi nasara. Bar Kokhba, wanda mutane da yawa suka gani a matsayin Almasihu, ya kafa wata ƙasa ta wucin gadi. samun fadi da goyon baya.Koyaya, martanin Romawa yana da ban tsoro.Sarkin sarakuna Hadrian ya tura dakaru mai yawa a karkashin Sextus Julius Severus, daga karshe ya murkushe tawaye a shekara ta 134 AZ.^[108] An kashe Bar Kokhba a Betar a shekara ta 135, kuma sauran 136 sun yi nasara a kan 'yan tawayen ko kuma suka bautar da su.Abin da ya biyo bayan tawayen ya yi muni ga Yahudawan Yahudiya, tare da kashe-kashen rayuka, kora, da kuma bauta.^[109] Asarar Romawa kuma sun yi yawa, wanda ya kai ga wargajewar Legio XXII Deiotariana.^[110] Bayan tawaye, al'ummar yahudawa sun karkata daga Yahudiya zuwa Galili, kuma Romawa suka kafa tsauraran dokoki na addini, gami da hana Yahudawa daga Urushalima.^{[111 <>]} A cikin ƙarnuka masu zuwa, ƙarin Yahudawa sun bar wa al'ummomin ƙasashen waje, musamman ma manya, al'ummomin Yahudawa masu girma cikin sauri a Babila da Larabawa.Rashin gazawar tawayen ya haifar da sake kimanta imani na Almasihu a cikin Yahudanci kuma ya nuna ƙarin bambance-bambance tsakanin Yahudanci da Kiristanci na Farko.Talmud ya kwatanta Bar Kokhba a matsayin "Ben Koziva" ('Dan yaudara'), yana nuna matsayinsa na Almasihu na ƙarya.^[112]Bayan da aka murƙushe tawayen Bar Kokhba, an sake gina Urushalima a matsayin mulkin mallaka na Roma da sunan Aelia Capitolina, kuma lardin Yahudiya ya koma Siriya Palaestina.