Farkon aikin ɗan adam na Neolithic na Mesopotamiya shine, kamar zamanin Epipaleolithic da ya gabata, an keɓe shi ne zuwa yankunan tuddai na Taurus da tsaunin Zagros da saman saman Tigris da kwarin Euphrates Lokacin Pre-Pottery Neolithic A (PPNA) (10,000-8,700) BCE) ya ga ƙaddamar da aikin noma, yayin da mafi tsufa shaida na dabbobin gida kwanakin zuwa canji daga PPNA zuwa Pre-Pottery Neolithic B (PPNB, 8700-6800 KZ) a karshen karni na 9 KZ.Wannan lokacin, wanda aka fi mayar da hankali kan yankin Mesofotamiya - shimfiɗar shimfiɗar wayewa - ya shaida haɓakar noma, farautar naman daji, da kuma al'adun binne na musamman waɗanda aka binne gawarwaki a ƙarƙashin benayen gidaje.^[1]Noma shine ginshiƙin Pre-Pottery Neolithic Mesopotamiya.Zaman gida na shuke-shuke kamar alkama da sha'ir, tare da noman amfanin gona daban-daban, ya haifar da kafa matsuguni na dindindin.An rubuta wannan canji a shafuka kamar Abu Hureyra da Mureybet, waɗanda aka ci gaba da mamaye su daga rijiyar Natufian zuwa PPNB.^[2] Ya zuwa yanzu mafi girman sassaka sassaka da gine-ginen dutse masu da'ira daga Göbekli Tepe a kudu maso gabashin Turkiyya sun kasance a cikin jam'iyyar PPNA/Early PPNB kuma suna wakiltar, a cewar mai tona, kokarin gamayya na babban al'umma na mafarauta.^[3]Jericho, ɗaya daga cikin mahimman ƙauyuka na zamanin Pre-Pottery Neolithic A (PPNA), ana ɗaukarsa birni na farko a duniya kusan 9,000 KZ.^[4] Tana da yawan jama'a 2,000 zuwa 3,000, an kiyaye shi da katangar dutse da hasumiya.An yi muhawara kan manufar katangar, saboda babu wata bayyananniyar hujja da ta nuna gagarumin yaki a wannan lokaci.^[5] Wasu ra'ayoyi sun nuna cewa an gina bangon don kare albarkatun gishiri mai kima na Jericho.^[6] Wata ka'idar ta nuna cewa hasumiya ta yi daidai da inuwar dutsen da ke kusa a lokacin rani, wanda ke nuna iko da goyan bayan tsarin mulki na garin.^[7]