Tsohuwar Daular Babila, wadda ta bunƙasa daga kusan 1894 zuwa 1595 KZ, alama ce ta zamani mai canzawa a tarihin Mesopotamiya.An bayyana wannan lokacin musamman ta tashin da sarautar Hammurabi, ɗaya daga cikin manyan sarakunan tarihi, wanda ya hau kan karaga a shekara ta 1792 KZ (ko 1728 KZ a takaice).Mulkin Hammurabi, wanda ya dawwama har zuwa 1750 KZ (ko 1686 KZ), lokaci ne na haɓaka da al'adu ga Babila.Ɗayan farkon ayyukan Hammurabi kuma mafi tasiri shine ’yantar da Babila daga mamayar Ilami.Wannan nasarar ba nasara ce ta soja kawai ba amma kuma mataki ne mai muhimmanci na ƙarfafa ’yancin kai na Babila da kuma kafa matakin hawanta a matsayin ikon yanki.A ƙarƙashin mulkinsa, Babila ta sami ci gaba mai yawa a cikin birane, wanda ya canza daga ƙaramin gari zuwa birni mai mahimmanci, wanda ke nuni da girma da tasirinta a yankin.Kamfen na soja na Hammurabi sun kasance muhimmi wajen tsara Tsohuwar Daular Babila.Ya ci nasara a kudancin Mesopotamiya, wanda ya haɗa da manyan birane kamar Isin, Larsa, Eshnunna, Kish, Lagash, Nippur, Borsippa, Ur, Uruk, Umma, Adab, Sippar, Rapiqum, da Eridu.Waɗannan nasarorin ba kawai sun faɗaɗa yankin Babila ba amma sun kawo kwanciyar hankali a yankin da a baya ya wargaje ya zama gunkin ƙananan ƙasashe.Bayan cin nasara da sojoji suka yi, Hammurabi ya yi suna don lambar shari'arsa, Code of Hammurabi, ƙaƙƙarfan harhada dokoki waɗanda suka shafi tsarin shari'a na gaba.An gano shi a cikin 1901 a Susa kuma yanzu yana cikin Louvre, wannan lambar tana ɗaya daga cikin tsoffin rubuce-rubucen da aka yanke masu tsayi a duniya.Ya nuna zurfin tunani na shari'a da kuma mai da hankali kan adalci da gaskiya a cikin al'ummar Babila.Tsohuwar Daular Babila a ƙarƙashin Hammurabi kuma ta ga ci gaban al'adu da na addini.Hammurabi ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen ɗaukaka allahn Marduk, inda ya sa ya zama maɗaukaki a cikin pantheon na kudancin Mesopotamiya.Wannan canji na addini ya ƙara tabbatar da matsayin Babila a matsayin cibiyar al'adu da ta ruhaniya a duniyar duniyar ta dā.Duk da haka, ci gaban daular ya ragu bayan mutuwar Hammurabi.Magajinsa, Samsu-iluna (1749-1712 KZ), ya fuskanci ƙalubale masu yawa, ciki har da asarar kudancin Mesofotamiya zuwa Daular Sealand na ƙasar Akkadian.Sarakunan da suka biyo baya sun yi gwagwarmaya don kiyaye mutunci da tasirin daular.Rushewar daular Tsohuwar Babila ta ƙare da buhun Hittiyawa na Babila a shekara ta 1595 K.Z., wanda Sarki Mursili I ya jagoranta. Wannan taron ba wai kawai ya kawo ƙarshen daular Amoriyawa a Babila ba amma kuma ya canza yanayin yanayin siyasa na tsohuwar Gabas ta Tsakiya.Hittiyawa, duk da haka, ba su kafa ikon mallakar Babila na dogon lokaci ba, kuma janyewarsu ya ba daular Kassite damar hawa kan karagar mulki, wanda hakan ke nuna ƙarshen tsohon zamanin Babila da farkon sabon babi a tarihin Mesopotamiya.