Zaman Tsohuwar Assuriya (2025 - 1363 KZ) wani muhimmin mataki ne a tarihin Assuriya, wanda ke nuna ci gaban al'adun Assuriya daban-daban, daban da kudancin Mesofotamiya.Wannan zamanin ya fara ne da hawan Assur a matsayin kasa mai cin gashin kanta a karkashin Puzur-Ashur I kuma ya ƙare tare da kafuwar babban yanki na Assuriyawa a ƙarƙashin Ashur-uballit I, yana canzawa zuwa lokacin Assuriya ta Tsakiya.A mafi yawan wannan lokacin, Assur karamar jaha ce ta gari, wacce ba ta da tasirin siyasa da na soja.Sarakunan, waɗanda aka fi sani da Išši'ak Aššur ("gwamnan Ashur") maimakon šar ("sarki"), sun kasance ɓangare na hukumar gudanarwa na birni, Ālum.Duk da ƙayyadaddun ikonta na siyasa, Assur ta kasance muhimmiyar cibiyar tattalin arziki, musamman daga zamanin Erishum na I (a. 1974-1935 KZ), wanda aka sani da babbar hanyar kasuwanci da ta taso daga tsaunin Zagros zuwa tsakiyar Anatoliya.Daular sarauta ta farko ta Assuriya, wadda Puzur-Ashur I ta kafa, ta ƙare da kama Assur ta hannun Amoriyawa da ya ci Shamshi-Adad I a wajen 1808 KZ.Shamshi-Adad ya kafa daular Upper Mesopotamiya na ɗan gajeren lokaci, wanda ya rushe bayan mutuwarsa a shekara ta 1776 KZ.Bayan wannan, Assur ya fuskanci rikice-rikice na shekarun da suka gabata, wanda ya shafi Tsohuwar Daular Babila, Mari, Eshnunna, da ƙungiyoyin Assuriyawa daban-daban.A ƙarshe, a ƙarƙashin daular Adaside a kusa da 1700 KZ, Assur ya sake fitowa a matsayin birni mai cin gashin kanta.Ya zama vassal ga Masarautar Mitanni a kusa da 1430 KZ amma daga baya ya sami 'yancin kai, yana rikidewa zuwa babban yanki a karkashin sarakuna-yaki.Sama da allunan yumbu 22,000 daga tsohuwar mulkin kasuwanci na Assuriya a Kültepe suna ba da haske game da al'adu, harshe, da zamantakewa na wannan lokacin.Assuriyawa sun yi bauta, ko da yake wasu 'bayi' na iya zama bayi masu 'yanci saboda ruɗani a kalmomi a cikin matani.Duka maza da mata suna da irin wannan haƙƙoƙin doka, gami da gadon dukiya da shiga cikin kasuwanci.Babban abin bautãwa shi ne Ashur, wani mutum ne na birnin Assur.