Yakin Boshin, wanda wani lokaci ake kiransa da yakin basasa na kasar Japan, yakin basasa ne a kasar Japan wanda aka gwabza tsakanin shekarar 1868 zuwa 1869 tsakanin dakarun gwamnatin Tokugawa da ke mulki da kuma 'yan bangar da ke neman karbe ikon siyasa da sunan Kotun Daular.An kafa yakin ne cikin rashin gamsuwa a tsakanin manya da matasa samurai tare da yadda Shogunate ke tafiyar da baki bayan budewar Japan a cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata.Karuwar tasirin kasashen yamma a cikin tattalin arzikin ya haifar da koma baya kwatankwacin na sauran kasashen Asiya a lokacin.Ƙungiyoyin samurai na yamma, musamman yankunan Choshū, Satsuma da Tosa, da jami'an kotu sun tabbatar da ikon Kotun Imperial kuma sun rinjayi matashin Sarkin Meiji.Tokugawa Yoshinobu, shōgun mai zaune, ya fahimci rashin amfanin halin da yake ciki, ya yi watsi da mulkin siyasa ga sarki.Yoshinobu ya yi fatan cewa ta yin hakan, za a iya kiyaye gidan Tokugawa da shiga cikin gwamnati mai zuwa.Duk da haka, ƙungiyoyin soji da sojojin daular sarakuna suka yi, da tashe-tashen hankula a Edo, da dokar sarauta da Satsuma da Chōshū suka ɗauka na soke Majalisar Tokugawa ya sa Yoshinobu ya ƙaddamar da yaƙin neman zaɓe na kwace kotun sarki a Kyoto.Guguwar soji ta juyo cikin hanzari zuwa ga ƙarami amma in mun gwada da tsarin mulkin daular, kuma, bayan jerin fadace-fadacen da suka kai ga mika wuya na Edo, Yoshinobu da kansa ya mika wuya.Wadanda ke biyayya ga Tokugawa sun koma arewacin Honshū daga baya zuwa Hokkaidō, inda suka kafa Jamhuriyar Ezo.Cin nasara a Yaƙin Hakodate ya karya wannan riƙewa na ƙarshe kuma ya bar mulkin sarauta mafi girma a duk faɗin Japan, yana kammala aikin soja na Maido da Meiji .Kimanin mazaje 69,000 ne aka tattara a lokacin rikicin, kuma an kashe kusan 8,200 daga cikinsu.A ƙarshe, ƙungiyar daular da ta ci nasara ta yi watsi da manufarta na korar baƙi daga Japan, maimakon haka ta ɗauki manufar ci gaba da zamanantar da kai tare da sa ido don sake yin shawarwari kan yarjejeniyoyin da ba su daidaita da ƙasashen yamma.Saboda dagewar Saigō Takamori, wani fitaccen shugaban bangaren masarautar, an nuna wa masu biyayya ga Tokugawa tausayi, kuma daga baya aka ba wa da dama daga cikin tsoffin shugabannin bogunate da samurai mukamai a karkashin sabuwar gwamnati.Lokacin da aka fara yakin Boshin, Japan ta riga ta zama zamani, tana bin tsarin ci gaba iri daya da na kasashen yammacin Turai masu ci gaban masana'antu.Tun da kasashen yammacin duniya musamman Birtaniya da Faransa suka shiga cikin harkokin siyasar kasar, shigar da karagar mulki ya kara dagula rikicin.A tsawon lokaci, yakin ya kasance mai ban sha'awa a matsayin "juyin juya hali", saboda adadin wadanda suka mutu ba su da yawa dangane da girman yawan jama'ar Japan.Duk da haka, ba da daɗewa ba rikici ya samo asali tsakanin samurai na yamma da masu zamani a cikin sashin mulkin mallaka, wanda ya haifar da tawaye na Satsuma.