Sikandar Lodi died a natural death in 1517, and his second son Ibrahim Lodi assumed power. Ibrahim did not enjoy the support of Afghan and Persian nobles or regional chiefs. The governor of Punjab, Daulat Khan Lodi, Ibrahim's uncle, reached out to the Mughal Babur and invited him to attack the Delhi Sultanate.

Ibrahim Lodi had the qualities of an excellent warrior, but he was rash and impolitic in his decisions and actions. His attempt at royal absolutism was premature and his policy of sheer repression unaccompanied by measures to strengthen the administration and increase the military resources was sure to prove a failure. Ibrahim faced numerous rebellions and kept out the opposition for almost a decade.

The Lodi Dynasty fell after the First Battle of Panipat in 1526 during which Babur defeated the far larger Lodi armies and killed Ibrahim Lodi. Babur founded the Mughal Empire, which would rule India until the British Raj brought it down in 1857.