Yakin Mexican-Amurka

Kasar Mexico ta samu ‘yancin kai daga Daular Spain tare da yerjejeniyar Cordoba a shekara ta 1821 bayan shafe shekaru goma ana rikici tsakanin sojojin masarautar da masu tada kayar baya don samun ‘yancin kai, ba tare da tsoma bakin kasashen waje ba.Rikicin ya lalata yankunan Zacatecas da Guanajuato da ake hakar azurfa.Mexico ta fara ne a matsayin kasa mai cin gashin kanta tare da kwanciyar hankali na kudi a nan gaba daga babban abin da take fitarwa zuwa kasashen waje.Mexico ta ɗan yi gwaji da sarauta, amma ta zama jumhuriya a shekara ta 1824. Wannan gwamnati tana da halin rashin zaman lafiya, kuma ba ta da shiri don wani babban rikici na ƙasa da ƙasa lokacin da yaƙi ya barke da Amurka a 1846. Mexico ta yi nasarar tsayayya da ƙoƙarin Spain na sake cin nasara a kanta. Tsohon mulkin mallaka a cikin 1820s kuma ya bijirewa Faransawa a cikin abin da ake kira Pastry War na 1838 amma nasarar da 'yan aware suka samu a Texas da Yucatán a kan gwamnatin tsakiyar Mexico ta nuna raunin siyasarta yayin da gwamnati ta canza hannu sau da yawa.Sojojin Mexico da Cocin Katolika a Mexico, duka cibiyoyi masu gata da ra'ayoyin siyasa masu ra'ayin mazan jiya, sun fi jihar Mexico karfi a siyasance.Sayen Louisiana na Amurka a 1803 ya haifar da iyaka da ba a bayyana ba tsakanin yankunan Spain yan mulkin mallaka da Amurka Wasu daga cikin batutuwan iyaka tsakanin Amurka da Spain an warware su tare da Yarjejeniyar Adams-Onís ta 1818. Tare da juyin juya halin masana'antu a fadin Tekun Atlantika. don auduga don masana'antun masaku, akwai babbar kasuwa ta waje na kayayyaki masu mahimmanci da ƙwaƙƙwaran Ba-Amurke suka samar a jihohin kudanci.Wannan buƙatar ta taimaka wajen faɗaɗa mai zuwa arewacin Mexico.’Yan Arewa a Amurka sun nemi bunkasa albarkatun kasa da kuma fadada bangaren masana’antu ba tare da fadada yankunan kasa ba.Za a rushe ma'auni na abubuwan da ke akwai ta hanyar faɗaɗa bautar zuwa sabon yanki.Jam'iyyar Democrat, wacce Shugaba Polk ya kasance, musamman tana goyon bayan fadadawa.

A cikin 1800, lardin Texasna mulkin mallaka na Spain (Tejas) yana da mazauna kaɗan, tare da mazauna kusan 7,000 waɗanda ba 'yan asalin ƙasar ba.Kambin Mutanen Espanya ya haɓaka manufar mulkin mallaka don sarrafa yankin yadda ya kamata.Bayan samun 'yancin kai, gwamnatin Mexico ta aiwatar da manufar, inda ta baiwa Moses Austin, wani ma'aikacin banki daga Missouri, wani babban fili a Texas.Austin ya mutu kafin ya iya kawo shirinsa na daukar Amurkawa mazauna kasar zuwa ga nasara, amma dansa, Stephen F. Austin, ya kawo sama da iyalai 300 na Amurka zuwa Texas.Wannan ya fara ci gaba da yin ƙaura daga Amurka zuwa iyakar Texas.Yankin Austin shi ne mafi nasara na yankuna da dama da gwamnatin Mexico ta ba da izini.Gwamnatin Mexico ta yi niyyar sabbin mazaunan suyi aiki a matsayin shinge tsakanin mazauna Tejano da Comanches, amma wadanda ba 'yan mulkin mallaka ba na Hispanic suna son zama a yankunan da ke da filayen noma mai kyau da haɗin gwiwar kasuwanci tare da Louisiana maimakon nesa da yamma inda za su kasance masu tasiri sosai. hanawa 'yan asalin ƙasar.A cikin 1829, saboda yawan kwararar baƙi na Amurka, waɗanda ba Hispanic ba sun fi yawan masu magana da Mutanen Espanya na asali a Texas.Shugaba Vicente Guerrero, jarumin 'yancin kai na Mexico, ya motsa don samun ƙarin iko akan Texas da kuma kwararar 'yan mulkin mallaka na Hispanic daga kudancin Amurka da kuma hana ci gaba da hijira ta hanyar kawar da bauta a Mexico.Gwamnatin Mexico ta kuma yanke shawarar maido da harajin kadarorin da kuma kara haraji kan kayayyakin Amurka da ake jigilar kayayyaki.Mazaunan da ’yan kasuwar Mexico da dama a yankin sun yi watsi da buƙatun, wanda ya kai ga Mexico ta rufe Texas don ƙarin shige da fice, wanda ya ci gaba daga Amurka zuwa Texas ba bisa ƙa'ida ba.A cikin 1834, masu ra'ayin mazan jiya na Mexico sun kama shirin siyasa, kuma Janar Antonio López de Santa Anna ya zama shugaban tsakiya na Mexico.Majalisar da ke da rinjayen masu ra'ayin mazan jiya ta yi watsi da tsarin tarayya, inda ta maye gurbinsa da gwamnatin tsakiya wacce ta kawar da mulki daga jihohi.Barin siyasa ga waɗanda ke cikin birnin Mexico, Janar Santa Anna ya jagoranci sojojin Mexico don kawar da 'yancin kai na Texas.Ya yi haka a Coahuila (a cikin 1824, Mexico ta haɗu da Texas da Coahuila a cikin babbar jihar Coahuila y Tejas).Austin ya kira Texians zuwa makami kuma sun ayyana 'yancin kai daga Mexico a shekara ta 1836. Bayan Santa Anna ya ci Texians a yakin Alamo, sojojin Texian da Janar Sam Houston ya ba da umarni sun ci shi kuma aka kama shi a yakin San Jacinto.A musayar rayuwarsa Santa Anna ya sanya hannu kan wata yarjejeniya tare da shugaban Texas David Burnet wanda ya kawo karshen yakin da kuma amincewa da 'yancin kai na Texian.Majalisar Mexico ba ta amince da yarjejeniyar ba kamar yadda wani ɗan fursuna ya sa hannu a cikin tilastawa.Ko da yake Mexico ta ki amincewa da 'yancin kai na Texian, Texas ta ƙarfafa matsayinta a matsayin jamhuriya mai cin gashin kanta kuma ta sami amincewa a hukumance daga Birtaniya, Faransa, da Amurka, wanda duk ya shawarci Mexico da kada ta yi kokarin sake mamaye sabuwar al'ummar.Yawancin Texians sun so shiga Amurka, amma haɗin Texas ya kasance mai rikici a cikin Majalisar Dokokin Amurka, inda Whigs da Abolitionists suka fi rinjaye. Jihar 28th ranar 29 ga Disamba, 1845, wanda ya kafa mataki don rikici da Mexico.

Ta Yarjejeniyar Velasco bayan Texans ya kama Janar Santa Ana bayan yakin San Jacinto, an sanya iyakar kudancin Texas a "Rio Grande del Norte."Texans sun yi iƙirarin wannan ya sanya iyakar kudu a Rio Grande na zamani.Gwamnatin Mexico ta yi jayayya da wannan wuri a kan dalilai biyu: na farko, ta ƙi ra'ayin 'yancin kai na Texas;Na biyu kuma, ya yi iƙirarin cewa Rio Grande a cikin yarjejeniyar shine ainihin kogin Nueces, tun da Rio Grande na yanzu ana kiransa "Rio Bravo" a Mexico.Da'awar ta ƙarshe ta ƙaryata cikakken sunan kogin a Mexico, duk da haka: "Rio Bravo del Norte."Texan Santa Fe Expedition na rashin lafiya na 1841 yayi ƙoƙari ya gane da'awar zuwa yankin New Mexico a gabashin Rio Grande, amma sojojin Mexico sun kama mambobinsa kuma aka tsare su.Tunani kan iyakar Rio Grande na Texas an cire shi daga kudurin Majalisar Dokokin Amurka don taimakawa wajen tabbatar da wucewa bayan yarjejeniyar hadewar ta gaza a Majalisar Dattawa.Shugaba Polk ya yi ikirarin iyakar Rio Grande, kuma lokacin da Mexico ta aika da sojoji a kan Rio Grande, wannan ya haifar da takaddama.A cikin Yuli 1845, Polk ya aika Janar Zachary Taylor zuwa Texas, kuma a watan Oktoba, Taylor ya umarci Amurkawa 3,500 a kan kogin Nueces, suna shirye su dauki da karfi a ƙasar da ake jayayya.Polk ya so ya kare kan iyaka kuma ya yi sha'awar Amurka da nahiyar gabaɗaya zuwa Tekun Pacific.

Shugaba Polk ya umarci Janar Taylor da sojojinsa a kudu zuwa Rio Grande.Taylor ya yi watsi da bukatun Mexico na janyewa zuwa Nueces.Ya gina katafaren katafaren gini (daga baya aka fi sani da Fort Brown/Fort Texas) a bakin kogin Rio Grande daura da birnin Matamoros, Tamaulipas.Sojojin Mexico sun shirya don yaki.A ranar 25 ga Afrilu, 1846, wani mayaƙan doki na Mexico 2,000 sun kai hari kan wani ma'aikacin sintiri na Amurka 70 da Kyaftin Seth Thornton ya umarta, wanda aka aika zuwa yankin da ake rikici a arewacin Rio Grande da kudancin kogin Nueces.A cikin lamarin Thornton, sojojin dawakan Mexico sun fatattaki ‘yan sintiri, inda suka kashe sojojin Amurka 11 tare da kama 52.

Bayan 'yan kwanaki bayan da Thornton Affair, Siege na Fort Texas ya fara a ranar 3 ga Mayu, 1846. Sojojin Mexico a Matamoros sun bude wuta a Fort Texas, wanda ya amsa da nasa bindigogi.An ci gaba da kai hare-haren na tsawon sa'o'i 160 kuma ya fadada yayin da sojojin Mexico suka kewaye katangar a hankali.Sojojin Amurka 13 ne suka jikkata yayin harin bam din, sannan biyu sun mutu.Daga cikin wadanda suka mutu akwai Jacob Brown, wanda bayansa aka sanya wa katanga suna.

Ranar 8 ga Mayu, 1846, Zachary Taylor da sojoji 2,400 sun isa don taimakawa sansanin.Duk da haka, Janar Arista ya garzaya arewa tare da sojojin 3,400 kuma ya tare shi kimanin mil 5 (kilomita 8) arewacin kogin Rio Grande, kusa da Brownsville na zamani, Texas.Sojojin Amurka sun yi amfani da "makamai masu tashi", lokacinsu na harba bindigogin dawakai, bindigogin hasken tafi da gidanka da ke hawa kan dawaki tare da dukkan ma'aikatan jirgin da ke hawan dawakai zuwa yaki.Makaman harbi da sauri da tallafin gobara ta tafi-da-gidanka sun yi mummunar tasiri ga sojojin Mexico.Ya bambanta da "harba bindigogi masu tashi" na Amurkawa, 'yan bindigar Mexico a yakin Palo Alto suna da ƙananan ƙananan bindigogi wanda ke yin harbi a cikin hanzari don sa ya yiwu ga sojojin Amurka su yi watsi da bindigogi.Mutanen Mexico suka amsa da fadan sojan doki da nasu.Sojojin Amurka da ke tashi sun raunana bangaren Mexico, kuma suna neman kasa don amfanin su, 'yan Mexico sun koma gefe mai nisa na busasshiyar kogin (resaca) a cikin dare kuma sun shirya don yaƙi na gaba.Ya ba da katangar halitta, amma a lokacin ja da baya, sojojin Mexico sun warwatse, suna sa sadarwa mai wahala.

A lokacin yakin Resaca de la Palma a ranar 9 ga Mayu, 1846, bangarorin biyu sun shiga mummunan fada da hannu.Dakarun na Amurka sun yi nasarar kame bindigogin na Mekziko, wanda hakan ya sa bangaren Mexico suka ja da baya — ja da baya da ya rikide zuwa gaci.Fada a kan wani wuri da ba a san shi ba, sojojinsa sun gudu a ja da baya, Arista ya gagara tattara sojojinsa.Rikicin Mexico yana da mahimmanci, kuma an tilasta wa Mexicans watsi da bindigogi da kayansu.Fort Brown ya haifar da ƙarin hasarar rayuka yayin da sojojin da ke janye suka wuce ta sansanin, kuma ƙarin sojojin Mexico sun nutse a ƙoƙarin yin iyo a cikin Rio Grande.Taylor ya ketare Rio Grande kuma ya fara jerin yaƙe-yaƙe a yankin Mexico.

Polk ya karbi kalmar Thornton Affair, wanda, ya kara da kin amincewa da gwamnatin Mexico na Slidell, Polk ya yi imani, ya zama casus belli.Saƙonsa ga Majalisa a ranar 11 ga Mayu, 1846, ya yi iƙirarin cewa "Mexico ta wuce iyakar Amurka, ta mamaye ƙasarmu kuma ta zubar da jinin Amurka a kan ƙasar Amurka."Majalisar dokokin Amurka ta amince da ayyana yaki a ranar 13 ga Mayu, 1846, bayan wasu 'yan sa'o'i na muhawara, tare da goyon bayan 'yan Democrat na kudancin kasar.Sittin da bakwai Whigs sun kada kuri'a kan yaki a kan wani muhimmin gyare-gyare na bautar, amma a karshen nassi kawai 14 Whigs kawai sun kada kuri'a a'a, ciki har da Rep. John Quincy Adams.Daga baya, wani sabon dan majalisa na Whig daga Illinois, Abraham Lincoln, ya kalubalanci ikirarin Polk na cewa an zubar da jinin Amurkawa a kasar Amurka, yana mai cewa "karya ce ta tarihi".Game da farkon yakin, Ulysses S. Grant, wanda ya yi adawa da yakin amma ya yi aiki a matsayin babban hafsan soja a cikin sojojin Taylor, ya yi iƙirarin a cikin Bayanan sirri na sirri (1885) cewa babban burin sojojin Amurka na ci gaba daga kogin Nueces zuwa Rio. Grande shine ya haifar da barkewar yaki ba tare da fara kai hari ba, don lalata duk wani adawar siyasa ga yakin.A Mexico, ko da yake shugaban kasa Paredes ya ba da sanarwar ranar 23 ga Mayu, 1846, da kuma sanarwar yakin tsaro a ranar 23 ga Afrilu, Majalisar Mexico ta ayyana yaki a ranar 7 ga Yuli, 1846.

Bayan ayyana yaki a ranar 13 ga Mayu, 1846, Janar Stephen W. Kearny ya koma kudu maso yamma daga Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, a watan Yunin 1846 tare da mutane kusan 1,700 a cikin sojojinsa na Yamma.Umurnin Kearny shine a tsare yankunan Nuevo México da Alta California.A Santa Fe, Gwamna Manuel Armijo ya so ya guje wa yaƙi, amma a ranar 9 ga watan Agusta, Kanar Diego Archuleta da jami'an 'yan bindiga Manuel Chaves da Miguel Pino sun tilasta masa ya samar da tsaro.Armijo ya kafa matsayi a Apache Canyon, wata kunkuntar hanya mai nisan mil 10 (kilomita 16) kudu maso gabas da birnin.Duk da haka, a ranar 14 ga Agusta, kafin ma sojojin Amurka su kasance a gani, ya yanke shawarar kada ya yi yaƙi.Sabuwar sojojin Mexico sun koma Santa Fe, kuma Armijo ya gudu zuwa Chihuahua.Kearny da sojojinsa ba su ci karo da sojojin Mexico ba lokacin da suka isa ranar 15 ga Agusta. Kearny da rundunarsa sun shiga Santa Fe kuma sun yi ikirarin yankin New Mexico na Amurka ba tare da harbi ba.Kearny ya ayyana kansa a matsayin gwamnan soja na New Mexico Territory a ranar 18 ga Agusta kuma ya kafa gwamnatin farar hula.Jami'an Amurka sun tsara tsarin doka na wucin gadi don yankin da ake kira Kearny Code.

Sanarwar yaƙin Majalisar Wakilai ta isa California a watan Agustan 1846. Jakadan Amirka Thomas O. Larkin, wanda ke zaune a Monterey, ya yi aiki cikin nasara a lokacin abubuwan da suka faru a yankin don guje wa zubar da jini tsakanin Amirkawa da sansanin soja na Mexico da Janar José Castro, babban jami'in ya umurci. jami'in soja a California.Kyaftin John C. Frémont, wanda ke jagorantar wani balaguron yanayi na Sojojin Amurka don binciken Babban Basin, ya shiga kwarin Sacramento a watan Disamba 1845. Jam'iyyar Frémont ta kasance a tafkin Upper Klamath da ke yankin Oregon lokacin da aka samu labarin cewa yaki tsakanin Mexico da Amurka ya kusa;sai jam'iyyar ta koma California.Mexico ta ba da sanarwar cewa ba a sake ba wa baƙi izinin zama a California ba kuma ana iya korar su.Tare da jita-jita da ke yawo cewa Janar Castro yana tara sojoji a kansu, mazauna Amurka a cikin kwarin Sacramento sun haɗu tare don fuskantar barazanar.Ranar 14 ga Yuni, 1846, 'yan Amurka 34 sun kwace iko da sansanin gwamnatin Mexico na Sonoma don hana shirye-shiryen Castro.Wani mazaunin ya ƙirƙiri Tutar Bear kuma ya ɗaga ta akan Sonoma Plaza.A cikin mako guda, wasu masu sa kai 70 sun shiga cikin rundunar 'yan tawayen, wanda ya kai kusan 300 a farkon watan Yuli.Wannan taron, wanda William B. Ide ya jagoranta, an san shi da Revolt Bear Flag.

Commodore John D. Sloat, kwamandan Rundunar Sojin Ruwa ta Amurka, dake kusa da Mazatlan, Mexico, ya samu umarnin karbe San Francisco Bay tare da toshe tashoshin jiragen ruwa na California lokacin da yake da yakinin an fara yaki.Sloat ya tashi zuwa Monterey, ya isa wurin a ranar 1 ga Yuli. A ranar 5 ga Yuli, Sloat ya karɓi saƙo daga Capt. Kyaftin John C. Frémont.A cikin wani sako zuwa Montgomery, Sloat ya ba da shawararsa na kwace Monterey kuma ya umarci kwamandan da ya mallaki Yerba Buena (San Francisco), ya kara da cewa, "Ina matukar damuwa da sanin ko Kyaftin Frémont zai ba mu hadin kai."A ranar 9 ga Yuli, ma'aikatan jirgin ruwa 70 da Marines sun sauka a Yerba Buena kuma suka daga tutar Amurka.Daga baya a wannan rana a Sonoma, an saukar da Tutar Bear, kuma an daga tutar Amurka a matsayinta.

Kashin da Mexico ta sha a Palo Alto da Resaca de la Palma ya kafa hanyar dawowar Santa Anna, wanda a lokacin barkewar yakin, yana gudun hijira a Cuba.Ya rubuta wa gwamnati a birnin Mexico, yana mai cewa ba ya son komawa kan kujerar shugabancin kasar, amma zai so ya fito daga gudun hijira a Cuba don yin amfani da kwarewar soja don kwato Texas ga Mexico.An kori Shugaba Farias cikin fidda rai.Ya karɓi tayin kuma ya yarda Santa Anna ta dawo.Ba tare da sanin Farías ba, Santa Anna ya kasance yana mu'amala da wakilan Amurka a asirce don tattauna batun siyar da duk yankin da ake takaddama a kai ga Amurka a kan farashi mai sauki, bisa sharadin a bar shi ya koma Mexico ta hanyar killace sojojin ruwan Amurka.Polk ya aika da wakilinsa zuwa Cuba, Alexander Slidell MacKenzie, don yin shawarwari kai tsaye tare da Santa Anna.Tattaunawar ta kasance a asirce kuma babu rubutattun bayanan tarurrukan, amma an samu fahimtar juna da suka fito daga tarurrukan.Polk ya nemi Majalisa don amfani da dala miliyan 2 don tattaunawa da Mexico.Amurka ta ba Santa Anna damar komawa Mexico, tare da kawar da shingen shingen jiragen ruwa na Gulf Coast.Koyaya, a Mexico, Santa Anna ya musanta duk wani ilimin saduwa da wakilin Amurka ko duk wani tayi ko ma'amaloli.Maimakon ya zama abokin Polk, ya sa duk wani kuɗin da aka ba shi a aljihu ya fara tsara tsarin kare Mexico.Amurkawa sun firgita, ciki har da Janar Scott, saboda wannan wani sakamako ne na bazata.“Santa Anna ya yi farin ciki game da rashin fahimtar maƙiyansa: ‘An yaudare Amurka da gaskata cewa zan iya cin amanar ƙasar mahaifiyata.” Santa Anna ya guje wa shiga harkokin siyasa, yana ba da kansa ga tsaron soja na Mexico.Yayin da 'yan siyasa suka yi ƙoƙarin sake saita tsarin mulki zuwa jamhuriyar tarayya, Santa Anna ya bar gaba don sake kwato yankin arewa da ya ɓace.Ko da yake Santa Anna an zabe shi a matsayin shugaban kasa a 1846, ya ƙi yin mulki, ya bar wannan ga mataimakinsa, yayin da yake neman shiga tare da sojojin Taylor.Tare da sake dawo da jamhuriyar tarayya, wasu jihohin sun ki ba da goyon baya ga yaƙin neman zaɓe na soja na ƙasa karkashin jagorancin Santa Anna, wanda ya yi yaƙi da su kai tsaye a cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata.Santa Anna ya bukaci mataimakin shugaban kasa Gómez Farías da ya yi aiki a matsayin mai mulkin kama karya don samun maza da kayan da ake bukata don yakin.Gómez Farías ya tilasta wa Cocin Katolika lamuni, amma ba a samu kuɗin ba a kan lokaci don tallafa wa sojojin Santa Anna.

Yaƙin neman zaɓe na gabar tekun Pasifik yana nufin ayyukan sojan ruwa na Amurka kan hare-haren da ake kaiwa bakin Tekun Fasifik na Mexico a lokacin Yaƙin Mexico da Amurka.Makasudin yakin shine tabbatar da tsaron yankin Baja na Mexico, da kuma toshewa/kame tashar jiragen ruwa na gabar tekun Mexico-musamman Mazatlan, babbar tashar shigar da kayayyaki daga waje.Juriyar da sojojin Mexico suka yi a arewa a yankin Los Angeles da rashin jiragen ruwa, sojoji da tallafin kayan aiki sun hana fara fara mamaye yankin da tashar jiragen ruwa na Mexico da ke gabar tekun yamma.Sojojin ruwan Amurka sun yi ƙoƙarin toshe tashoshin jiragen ruwa sau uku kafin su sami nasarar toshewa da/ko mamaye su.Bayan aiki na farko mai sauƙi da ikon La Paz da Gwamna Col. Francisco Palacios Miranda ya yi, mazauna masu aminci sun hadu, suka ayyana Miranda a matsayin maci amana, kuma suka tashi cikin tawaye.A karkashin sabon gwamna, Mauricio Castro Cota, sannan a karkashin jagorancin Manuel Pineda Munoz (wanda ya kare Mulege daga sauka daga Amurka), masu biyayya sun yi ƙoƙari su kori Amirkawa daga La Paz da San José del Cabo.An kama Pineda daga bisani kuma sojojin Mexico a karkashin Cota sun ci nasara a Todos Santos amma bayan yarjejeniyar Guadalupe Hidalgo wanda ya kawo karshen yakin ya dawo yankunan kudancin San Diego zuwa Mexico.

Bayan yakin Resaca de la Palma, Janar Zachary Taylor tare da dakarun Amurka Regulars, 'Yan Agaji da Texas Rangers sun ketare Rio Grande a ranar 18 ga Mayu, yayin da a farkon watan Yuni, Mariano Arista ya mika ragamar jagorancin abin da ya rage na sojojinsa zuwa Francisco. Mejia, wanda ya jagoranci su zuwa Monterrey.A ranar 8 ga watan Yuni, sakataren yakin Amurka William L. Marcy ya umurci Taylor da ya ci gaba da jagorantar ayyuka a arewacin Mexico, ya ba da shawarar daukar Monterrey, kuma ya bayyana manufarsa na "kashe abokan gaba don son kawo karshen yakin."A farkon watan Yuli, Janar Tomas Requena ya yi garkuwa da Monterrey tare da mutane 1,800, tare da ragowar sojojin Arista da ƙarin sojojin daga Mexico City zuwa karshen watan Agusta wanda sojojin Mexico suka kai mutane 7,303.Janar Pedro de Ampudia ya karbi umarni daga Antonio López de Santa Anna don komawa zuwa birnin Saltillo, inda Ampudia zai kafa layin tsaro, amma Ampudia ya ƙi yarda, yana jin daukaka idan zai iya dakatar da ci gaban Taylor.Sojojin Ampudia sun haɗa da ƴan sa kai na Irish-Amurke da ake kira San Patricios (ko Battalion na Saint Patrick).A yakin Monterrey, sojojin Taylor sun fi hudu zuwa daya, amma sun yi nasarar fatattakar sojojin Mexico a cikin yakin kwana daya.Fadan da aka gwabza a birane ya janyo hasarar rayuka da dama daga bangarorin biyu.Yakin dai ya kare ne inda bangarorin biyu suka yi shawarwarin tsagaita bude wuta na tsawon watanni biyu tare da ba wa sojojin Mexico damar yin gudun hijira cikin tsari domin mayar da birnin.Nasarar da Amurka ta samu ta kafa hanyar samun nasarorin da Amurka za ta samu a yakin nan gaba, kuma ta taimaka wajen tabbatar da tsaron California ga Amurka.Sojojin da suka mamaye birnin sun ci gaba da zama har zuwa ranar 18 ga watan Yunin 1848. Da zarar an kai harin, sojojin Amurka sun aiwatar da kisan gilla kan fararen hula da dama sannan aka yi wa mata da dama fyade.Jaridar ta nakalto majiyoyin soji sun ba da rahoton cewa an kashe fararen hula fiye da hamsin a Monterrey a wani lamari guda.Irin wannan tashin hankali ya faru a wasu garuruwan da aka mamaye kamar su Marín, Apodaca da sauran garuruwan da ke tsakanin Rio Grande da Monterrey.A mafi yawan lokuta mayakan Texas Rangers ne suka kai wadannan hare-hare.Wasu masu aikin sa kai na Amurka da dama sun yi tir da hare-haren, kuma sun zargi kungiyar Texas Rangers da aikata laifukan kiyayya a kan fararen hula da ake zargi da daukar fansa kan tsohon yakin neman zaben Mexico a Texas.Taylor ya amince da ta'asar da mutanensa suka aikata, amma bai dauki matakin hukunta su ba.

Bayan yakin Monterey, Amurkawa sun rike arewacin California amma Janar José María Castro da Gwamna Pío Pico sun shirya juriya a kudu a kusa da yankin Los Angeles.Commodore Robert F. Stockton ya isa Monterey Bay a cikin Majalisa a ranar 15 ga Yuli kuma ya karbi ragamar jagorancin John D. Sloat.Stockton ta yarda da masu juyin juya halin Bear Flag, ƙarƙashin umarnin Major John C. Frémont, a matsayin Battalion California.Stockton sannan ya tsare Sonoma, San Juan Bautista, Santa Clara, da Sutter's Fort.Shirin Stockton na mu'amala da Castro shine Kwamanda Samuel Francis Du Pont ya dauki mutanen Fremont a cikin Cyane zuwa San Diego don toshe duk wani motsi zuwa kudu, yayin da Stockton zai kai wani karfi a San Pedro wanda zai zarce kan Castro.Fremont ya isa San Diego a ranar 29 ga Yuli kuma ya isa San Pedro a ranar 6 ga Agusta a cikin Majalisa.Ranar 13 ga Agusta, 1846, Stockton ya jagoranci ginshiƙi zuwa cikin gari, sannan Fremont ya biyo bayan rabin sa'a.A ranar 14 ga Agusta, ragowar sojojin Californio sun mika wuya.A ranar 23 ga Satumba, wasu mutane ashirin a karkashin jagorancin Cerbulo Varela sun yi musayar harbe-harbe da Amurkawa a gidan gwamnati, wanda ya kunna wuta a Los Angeles.A ranar 24 ga Satumba, 150 Californios, wanda aka shirya a ƙarƙashin José María Flores, Jami'in Mexico wanda ya kasance a California, a tsohon sansanin Castro a La Mesa.An kewaye sojojin Gillespie sosai, yayin da Gillespie ya aika Juan "Flaco" Brown zuwa Commodore Stockton don taimako.Mutanen Gillespie sun koma Fort Hill a ranar 28 ga Satumba, amma ba tare da ruwa ba, sun mika wuya washegari.Sharuɗɗan sun yi kira ga mutanen Gillespie su bar Los Angeles, wanda suka yi a ranar 30 ga Satumba, 1846, kuma suka shiga jirgin ruwa na Amurka Vandalia.Flores cikin sauri ya share sauran sojojin Amurka a kudancin California.

Commodore Matthew C. Perry ya jagoranci tawagar jiragen ruwa guda bakwai a gabar tekun arewacin jihar Tabasco.Perry ya isa kogin Tabasco (yanzu ana kiransa Kogin Grijalva) a ranar 22 ga Oktoba, 1846, kuma ya kwace tashar jiragen ruwa na garin Frontera tare da jiragen ruwa biyu.Ya bar wani karamin sansanin soja, ya ci gaba da sojojinsa zuwa garin San Juan Bautista (Villahermosa a yau).Perry ya isa birnin San Juan Bautista a ranar 25 ga Oktoba, inda ya kwace wasu jiragen ruwa na Mexico guda biyar.Kanar Juan Bautista Traconis, kwamandan Sashen Tabasco a wancan lokacin, ya kafa shingaye a cikin gine-gine.Perry ya fahimci cewa harin bam a birnin shine kawai zabin korar Sojojin Mexico, kuma don gujewa lalacewar 'yan kasuwa na birnin, ya janye sojojinsa yana shirya su don gobe.A safiyar ranar 26 ga Oktoba, yayin da rundunar Perry ke shirin fara kai hari a birnin, sojojin kasar Mexico sun fara harbin sojojin Amurka.Harin bama-bamai da Amurka ta harba ya fara samar da dandalin, ta yadda wutar ta ci gaba har zuwa maraice.Kafin ya dauki filin, Perry ya yanke shawarar barin ya koma tashar jiragen ruwa na Frontera, inda ya kafa shingen shingen jiragen ruwa don hana kayan abinci da kayan soja isa babban birnin jihar.

Yaƙin San Pasqual, wanda kuma aka rubuta San Pascual, gamuwa ce ta soji da ta faru a lokacin Yaƙin Mexico da Amurka a cikin abin da a yanzu ake kira San Pasqual Valley na birnin San Diego, California.An kawo karshen fadan da sojoji suka yi inda bangarorin biyu ke ikirarin samun nasara, kuma ana ci gaba da muhawara kan wanda ya yi nasara a yakin.A ranar 6 ga Disamba da 7 ga Disamba, 1846, Janar Stephen W. Kearny na Amurka Army na Yamma, tare da wani karamin tawagar California Battalion karkashin jagorancin wani Marine Laftanar, sun tsunduma cikin wani karamin tawagar Californios da shugabansu Lancers Los Galgos (The Greyhounds). ), Manjo Andrés Pico ne ke jagoranta.Bayan sojojin Amurka sun isa, sojojin Kearny sun sami damar isa San Diego.

Yaƙin Río San Gabriel, wanda aka yi yaƙi a ranar 8 ga Janairu 1847, wani muhimmin mataki ne na yaƙin neman zaɓe na California na Yaƙin Mexico da Amurka kuma ya faru a wani mashigin kogin San Gabriel, a abin da ke a yau sassan biranen Whittier, Pico. Rivera da Montebello, kimanin mil goma kudu-maso-gabas da cikin garin Los Angeles.A ranar 12 ga Janairu, Frémont da jami'an Pico biyu sun amince da sharuɗɗan mika wuya.Frémont, Andrés Pico da wasu mutane shida ne suka sanya hannu a kan labaran Capitulation a ranar 13 ga Janairu a wani ranch a Cahuenga Pass (Hollywood ta zamani ta zamani).An san wannan da Yarjejeniyar Cahuenga, wadda ta nuna ƙarshen juriya da makamai a California.

Yaƙin La Mesa shine yaƙin ƙarshe na yaƙin neman zaɓe na California a lokacin Yaƙin Mexico da Amurka, wanda ya faru a ranar 9 ga Janairu, 1847, a Vernon, California ta yau, kwana ɗaya bayan Yaƙin Rio San Gabriel.Yakin ya kasance nasara ga Sojojin Amurka karkashin Commodore Robert F. Stockton da Janar Stephen Watts Kearny.Yaƙin shine juriya na ƙarshe da makami ga mamayar Amurkawa na California, kuma Janar José María Flores ya koma Mexico daga baya.Kwanaki uku bayan yakin, a ranar 12 ga Janairu, gungun mazaunan karshe sun mika wuya ga sojojin Amurka.An daidaita cin nasara da mamaye Alta California tare da rattaba hannu kan Yarjejeniyar Cahuenga ta Sojojin Amurka Laftanar-Kanar John C. Frémont da Janar Andrés Pico na Mexico a ranar 13 ga Janairu, 1847.

Lokacin da Kearny ya tafi tare da sojojinsa zuwa California, ya bar Colonel Sterling Price a matsayin kwamandan sojojin Amurka a New Mexico.Ya nada Charles Bent a matsayin gwamnan yanki na farko na New Mexico.Wani batu mai mahimmanci fiye da cin mutuncin yau da kullun shine cewa yawancin 'yan New Mexico sun ji tsoron kada Amurka ta amince da sunayen filayensu, wanda gwamnatin Mexico ta bayar.Sun damu cewa masu goyon bayan Amurka za su ci gaba da ciyar da su.Bayan tafiyar Kearny, masu adawa a Santa Fe sun shirya zanga-zangar Kirsimeti.Lokacin da hukumomin Amurka suka gano tsare-tsaren, masu adawa sun dage zanga-zangar.Sun jawo hankalin 'yan asalin Amirkawa da yawa, ciki har da mutanen Puebloan, wadanda kuma suke so su tura Amurkawa daga yankin.'Yan tawayen sun kashe gwamnan wucin gadi Charles Bent da wasu Amurkawa da dama.A cikin gajeren yakin neman zabe guda biyu, sojojin Amurka da mayakan sa kai sun murkushe tawayen 'yan Hispano da Pueblo.Sabbin Mexicans, suna neman mafi kyawun wakilci, sun sake tattarawa kuma suka yi yaƙi da wasu ayyuka uku, amma bayan da aka ci su, sun yi watsi da yakin basasa.Kiyayyar New Mexicans ga sojojin Amurka da suka mamaye haɗe da tawayen da mazauna Taos suka yi na nuna adawa da ikon da aka ɗora musu daga wasu wurare sune musabbabin tawayen.Bayan tawayen Amurkawa sun kashe akalla ‘yan tawaye 28.Yarjejeniyar Guadalupe Hidalgo a 1850 ta ba da tabbacin haƙƙin mallaka na mazaunan Hispanic na New Mexico da mazauna Indiyawan Amurka.

Ranar 22 ga Fabrairu, 1847, da ya ji labarin wannan rauni daga rubutaccen umarni da aka samu a kan wani dan wasan Amurka da aka yi wa kwanton bauna, Santa Anna ya kama hanyarsa kuma ya tafi da dukan sojojin Mexico a arewa don yakar Taylor tare da mutane 20,000, yana fatan ya sami nasara mai ban mamaki kafin Scott ya mamaye. daga teku.Sojojin biyu sun hadu kuma suka yi yakin mafi girma a yakin Buena Vista.Taylor, tare da maza 4,600, sun daɗe a hanyar wucewar dutse da ake kira La Angostura, ko kuma "masu kunkuntar", mil da yawa kudu da gonar Buena Vista.Santa Anna, yana da ƙananan kayan aiki don samar da sojojinsa, ya sha wahala a duk tsawon tafiya zuwa arewa kuma ya isa tare da maza 15,000 kawai a cikin gajiye.Bayan sun bukaci sojojin Amurka da suka ki mika wuya, sojojin Santa Anna sun kai hari da safe, inda suka yi amfani da dabara wajen yaki da sojojin Amurka.Santa Anna ya garzaya da muqamin Amurka ta hanyar aike da sojojin dawakinsa da wasu daga cikin sojojinsa zuwa wani tudu mai tudu wanda ya kasance gefe guda na wucewar, yayin da wani rukuni na sojojin suka kai hari a gaba don janye hankalinsu tare da fitar da sojojin Amurka a kan hanyar zuwa Buena Vista. .An yi ta gwabza kazamin fada, inda aka kusa fatattakar sojojin Amurka, amma sun yi nasarar dagewa kan kafewarsu, saboda godiyar Mississipi Rifles, wani rukunin sa kai karkashin jagorancin Jefferson Davis, wanda ya kafa su a cikin tsarin tsaro na V.'Yan Mexico sun kusan karya layukan Amurka a wurare da dama, amma ginshiƙan sojojinsu, suna tafiya cikin kunkuntar hanyar wucewa, sun sha wahala sosai daga bindigogin dawakin Amurkawa, waɗanda suka yi harbin bututun kwalba don wargaza hare-haren.Rahotanni na farko na yakin, da kuma farfaganda daga Santanistas, sun ba da nasarar nasarar ga Mexicans, da yawa ga farin ciki na jama'ar Mexico, amma maimakon kai hari washegari da gama yakin, Santa Anna ya ja da baya, ya rasa maza tare da mutanen Mexico. hanya, jin labarin tawaye da tashin hankali a birnin Mexico.An bar Taylor a wani yanki na arewacin Mexico, kuma Santa Anna daga baya ya fuskanci suka game da janyewar da ya yi.Masana tarihi na soja na Mexico da na Amurka sun yarda cewa sojojin Amurka za su iya yin nasara idan Santa Anna ya yi yaƙin har zuwa ƙarshe.

Bayan yaƙe-yaƙe na Monterrey da Buena Vista, yawancin Sojojin Zachary Taylor na Ma'aikata sun koma ga umurnin Manjo Janar Winfield Scott don tallafawa yakin neman zabe mai zuwa.Polk ya yanke shawarar cewa hanyar da za a kawo karshen yakin shine mamaye yankin tsakiyar Mexico daga bakin teku.Leken asirin sojan Mexico sun san da shirin Amurka na kai wa Veracruz hari, amma rikicin cikin gida ya sa ba su da ikon aika wani muhimmin taimako kafin harin Amurka ya fara.A ranar 9 ga Maris, 1847, Scott ya yi babban saukowa na farko a tarihin Amurka a shirye-shiryen kewaye.Wasu gungun sojoji 12,000 na sa kai da na yau da kullun sun yi nasarar sauke kayayyaki, makamai, da dawakai a kusa da birnin mai katanga ta hanyar amfani da fasahar saukar jiragen sama na musamman.An haɗa da sojojin mamaya da dama na gaba: Robert E. Lee , George Meade, Ulysses S. Grant, James Longstreet, da Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson.Janar Juan Morales na Mexico ya kare Veracruz tare da mutane 3,400.An yi amfani da turmi da bindigogin sojan ruwa a karkashin Commodore Matthew C. Perry don rage garun birnin da kuma tursasa masu kare.Bam a ranar 24 ga Maris, 1847, ya buɗe a cikin ganuwar Veracruz tazarar ƙafa talatin.Masu tsaron birnin sun amsa da nasu makaman atilare, amma tsawaita barzahu ya karya nufin 'yan Mexico, wadanda suka fuskanci wata runduna mai karfin gaske, kuma suka mika kai ga birnin bayan kwanaki 12 da aka killace.Sojojin Amurka sun samu raunuka 80, yayin da ‘yan Mexico suka kashe da raunata kusan 180, tare da kashe daruruwan fararen hula.A lokacin da sojojin Amurka suka yi wa kawanya sun fara kamuwa da cutar zazzabin shawara.

Santa Anna ya ƙyale sojojin Scott su yi tafiya a cikin ƙasa, suna la'akari da zazzabin rawaya da sauran cututtuka na wurare masu zafi don ɗaukar nauyin su kafin Santa Anna ya zaɓi wurin da zai shiga abokan gaba.Meziko ta yi amfani da wannan dabara a da, ciki har da lokacin da Spain ta yi ƙoƙari ta sake mamaye Mexico a shekara ta 1829. Cuta na iya zama muhimmin abu a yaƙin.Santa Anna ya fito ne daga Veracruz, don haka yana kan yankinsa na gida, ya san filin, kuma yana da hanyar sadarwa na abokan tarayya.Zai iya yin amfani da albarkatun gida don ciyar da sojojinsa masu fama da yunwa da kuma samun bayanan sirri kan motsin makiya.Daga kwarewar da ya samu a yakin arewa a kan fili, Santa Anna ya nemi ya kawar da babbar fa'idar Sojan Amurka, amfani da manyan bindigogi.Santa Anna ya zaɓi Cerro Gordo a matsayin wurin da zai shiga sojojin Amurka, ƙididdige ƙasa zai ba da mafi girman fa'ida ga sojojin Mexico.Scott ya yi tafiya zuwa yamma a ranar 2 ga Afrilu, 1847, zuwa Mexico City tare da sojoji 8,500 na farko masu lafiya, yayin da Santa Anna ya kafa wani matsayi na tsaro a cikin wani kwarin da ke kusa da babban hanya kuma ya shirya garu.Santa Anna ya kasance tare da abin da Sojojin Amurka suka yi imani cewa sojoji 12,000 ne amma a gaskiya ya kusan 9,000.Ya sami horar da manyan bindigogi a kan hanya inda ya sa ran Scott zai bayyana.Duk da haka, Scott ya aika da dodanni guda 2,600 a gaba, kuma sun isa wucewa a ranar 12 ga Afrilu. Sojojin Mexico sun harba musu da wuri don haka suka bayyana matsayinsu, suka fara fadan.Maimakon ɗaukar babbar hanya, sojojin Scott sun yi tattaki ta cikin ƙasa maras kyau zuwa arewa, suna kafa manyan bindigoginsa a kan tudu da ke gefen 'yan Mexico a hankali.Ko da yake a lokacin sun san matsayin sojojin Amurka, Santa Anna da dakarunsa ba su da shiri don harin da ya biyo baya.A yakin da aka yi ranar 18 ga Afrilu, an fatattaki sojojin Mexico.Sojojin Amurka sun sami raunuka 400, yayin da 'yan Mexico suka ji rauni sama da 1,000 tare da kama 3,000 fursunoni.Sojojin Amurka sun yi tsammanin rugujewar sojojin Mexico cikin gaggawa.Santa Anna, duk da haka, ya ƙudura ya yi yaƙi har zuwa ƙarshe, kuma sojojin Mexico sun ci gaba da tattarawa bayan yakin basasa don sake yin yaƙi.

Ranar 13 ga Yuni, 1847, Commodore Perry ya tara Mosquito Fleet kuma ya fara motsawa zuwa kogin Grijalva, yana jawo jiragen ruwa 47 da suka dauki nauyin 1,173.A ranar 15 ga Yuni, mil 12 (kilomita 19) a ƙasan San Juan Bautista, rundunar sojojin sun yi kwanton bauna da ƙyar wahala.Har ila yau a wani lankwasa na "S" a cikin kogin da aka sani da "Devil's Bend", Perry ya ci karo da gobarar Mexico daga wani katangar kogin da ake kira Colmena redoubt, amma manyan bindigogin ruwa na jiragen ruwa sun tarwatsa sojojin Mexico da sauri.Ranar 16 ga Yuni, Perry ya isa San Juan Bautista kuma ya fara tayar da bam a birnin.Harin ya hada da jiragen ruwa guda biyu da suka wuce katangar inda suka fara harbo shi daga baya.David D. Porter ya jagoranci ma’aikatan jirgin ruwa 60 zuwa bakin teku ya kuma kwace katanga, inda ya daga tutar Amurka kan ayyukan.Perry da sojojin da suka sauka sun isa birnin da misalin karfe 14:00 na safe.

Tare da 'yan tawayen da ke cin zarafin layin sadarwarsa zuwa Veracruz, Scott ya yanke shawarar kada ya raunana sojojinsa don kare Puebla, amma, ya bar sansanin soja a Puebla don kare marasa lafiya da wadanda suka ji rauni a can, ya ci gaba a Mexico City ranar 7 ga Agusta tare da sauran sojojinsa.An bude babban birnin kasar a jerin fadace-fadacen da aka yi a gefen dama na tsaron birnin, yakin Contreras da yakin Churubusco.Bayan Churubusco, an dakatar da gwabza fada don neman sulhu da zaman lafiya, wanda ya wargaje a ranar 6 ga Satumba, 1847. Da yakin Molino del Rey da na Chapultepec da suka biyo baya, da kuma hargitsin kofofin birnin, babban birnin ya mamaye.Scott ya zama gwamnan soja na birnin Mexico da aka mamaye.Nasarorin da ya samu a wannan yakin sun sa ya zama gwarzon dan kasar Amurka.Yakin Chapultepec a watan Satumba na shekara ta 1847 ya kasance hari ne a katangar Chapultepec, wanda aka gina a kan wani tudu a birnin Mexico a zamanin mulkin mallaka.A wannan lokacin, wannan katafaren gidan ya kasance sanannen makarantar soji a babban birnin kasar.Bayan yakin, wanda ya ƙare a cikin nasara ga Amurka, an haifi almara na "Los Niños Héroes".Duk da cewa masana tarihi ba su tabbatar da hakan ba, wasu jami’an soja guda shida da ke tsakanin shekaru 13 zuwa 17 sun zauna a makarantar a maimakon ficewa.Sun yanke shawarar zama da yaƙi don Mexico.Waɗannan Niños Héroes (jaruman yara) sun zama gumaka a cikin pantheon na kishin ƙasa na Mexico.Maimakon mika wuya ga Sojojin Amurka, wasu jami'an soja sun yi tsalle daga katangar katangar.Wani dan wasa mai suna Juan Escutia ya nade kansa a tutar Mexico kuma ya yi tsalle ya mutu.

A ƙarshen Satumba 1847, Santa Anna ya yi ƙoƙari na ƙarshe don kayar da Sojojin Amurka, ta hanyar yanke su daga bakin teku.Janar Joaquín Rea ya fara Siege na Puebla, ba da daɗewa ba Santa Anna ya shiga.Scott ya bar wasu sojoji 2,400 a Puebla, wanda kusan 400 sun dace.Bayan faduwar birnin Mexico, Santa Anna ya yi fatan hada kan fararen hular Puebla a kan sojojin Amurka da ke kewaye da kuma fuskantar hare-haren 'yan ta'adda.Kafin sojojin Mexico su iya halaka Amurkawa a Puebla, karin sojoji sun sauka a Veracruz karkashin jagorancin Brigadier Janar Joseph Lane.A Puebla, sun kori garin.Santa Anna bai sami damar ba da sojojinsa ba, waɗanda suka narkar da su yadda ya kamata a matsayin rundunar yaƙi don cin abinci.Lane ya huta da Puebla a ranar 12 ga Oktoba, bayan shan kaye da Santa Anna ya yi a yakin Huamantla a ranar 9 ga Oktoba. Yaƙin shine na ƙarshe na Santa Anna.Bayan shan kaye, sabuwar gwamnatin Mexico karkashin jagorancin Manuel de la Peña y Peña ta bukaci Santa Anna da ya mika wa Janar José Joaquín de Herrera umurnin soja.

Bayan kwace babban birnin kasar, gwamnatin Mexico ta koma babban birnin wucin gadi a Querétaro.A cikin birnin Mexico, sojojin Amurka sun zama sojojin mamaya kuma suna fuskantar hare-hare na sirri daga mazauna birane.Yaki na al'ada ya ba da damar yakin basasa da 'yan Mexico ke kare ƙasarsu.Sun yi wa Sojan Amurka rauni sosai, musamman a kan sojojin da ke jinkirin ci gaba da aiki.Janar Scott ya aika kusan kashi ɗaya bisa huɗu na ƙarfinsa don tabbatar da hanyar sadarwarsa zuwa Veracruz daga Light Corps of General Rea da sauran dakarun sa kai na Mexico da suka kai hare-hare tun a watan Mayu.Sau da yawa 'yan tawayen Mexico na azabtar da gawarwakin sojojin Amurka tare da lalata su, a matsayin ramuwar gayya da gargadi.Amirkawa sun fassara waɗannan ayyukan ba a matsayin kariyar da 'yan Mexico suka yi wa ubangidansu ba, amma a matsayin shaida na zaluncin Mexicans a matsayin ƙananan launin fata.A nasu bangaren, sojojin Amurka sun dauki ramuwar gayya kan 'yan kasar Mexico kan harin, ko dai ana zarginsu da aikata ta'addanci ko a'a.Scott na kallon hare-haren 'yan ta'adda a matsayin wanda ya saba wa "dokokin yaki" kuma yana barazana ga dukiyoyin al'ummar da ke da alama suna dauke da 'yan kungiyar asiri.Za a bindige 'yan ta'addan da aka kama, ciki har da fursunoni marasa taimako, tare da tunanin cewa 'yan Mexico sun yi haka.Masanin tarihi Peter Guardino ya ce rundunar sojin Amurka ce ke da hannu wajen kai hare-hare kan fararen hular Mexico.Ta hanyar barazana ga gidajen farar hula, dukiyoyinsu, da iyalai tare da kona ƙauyuka gabaɗaya, sace-sace, da yi wa mata fyade, Sojojin Amurka sun raba ƴan daba daga sansaninsu."Guerrillas sun kashe Amurkawa da yawa, amma a kaikaice sun fi kashe fararen hular Mexico."Scott ya ƙarfafa sansanin Puebla kuma a watan Nuwamba ya kara da wani sansanin mutane 1,200 a Jalapa, ya kafa 750-mutum a kan babbar hanya tsakanin tashar jiragen ruwa na Veracruz da babban birnin kasar, a hanyar tsakanin Mexico City da Puebla a Rio Frio, a Perote da San Juan akan hanya tsakanin Jalapa da Puebla, kuma a Puente Nacional tsakanin Jalapa da Veracruz.Ya kuma yi cikakken bayani kan wata rundunar yaki da ‘yan daba a karkashin Lane domin kai yakin zuwa ga Light Corps da sauran ‘yan daba.Ya ba da umarnin cewa ayarin motocin za su yi tafiya tare da rakiyar mutane akalla 1,300.Nasarar da Lane ya samu a kan Hasken Haske a Atlixco (Oktoba 18, 1847), a Izúcar de Matamoros (Nuwamba 23, 1847), da kuma Galaxara Pass (Nuwamba 24, 1847) ya raunana sojojin Janar Rea.Daga baya wani hari da aka kai wa ‘yan daba na Padre Jarauta a Zacualtipan (25 ga Fabrairu, 1848) ya kara rage kai hare-hare a kan layin sadarwa na Amurka.Bayan da gwamnatocin biyu suka kulla yarjejeniya don jiran amincewa da yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya, a ranar 6 ga Maris, 1848, tashin hankali ya ƙare.Koyaya, wasu makada sun ci gaba da bijirewa gwamnatin Mexico har zuwa lokacin da sojojin Amurka suka kwashe a watan Agusta.Sojojin Mexico sun murkushe wasu ko kuma kamar Padre Jarauta, an kashe su.

Yarjejeniyar Guadalupe Hidalgo, wacce jami'in diflomasiyya Nicholas Trist da wakilan masu rinjaye na Mexico Luis G. Cuevas, Bernardo Couto, da Miguel Atristain suka sanya hannu a ranar Fabrairu 2, 1848, sun kawo karshen yakin.Yarjejeniyar ta baiwa Amurka ikon iko da Texas ba tare da tantama ba, ta kafa iyakar Amurka da Meksiko tare da Rio Grande, sannan ta mika wa Amurka jihohin California da Nevada da Utah a yau, galibin New Mexico, Arizona da Colorado. sassan Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas, da Wyoming.A sakamakon haka, Mexico ta sami dala miliyan 15 (dala miliyan 470 a yau) - kasa da rabin adadin da Amurka ta yi ƙoƙarin baiwa Mexico ƙasar kafin buɗe tashin tashin hankali - kuma Amurka ta amince ta karɓi dala miliyan 3.25 (dala miliyan 102 a yau) a cikin basussuka waɗanda gwamnatin Mexico na bin 'yan kasar Amurka.Kwamitin Sadarwa na Tarayya ya ba da yankin yanki a matsayin kadada 338,680,960.Kudin ya kasance $16,295,149 ko kusan centi 5 a kowace kadada.Yankin ya kai kashi ɗaya bisa uku na asalin ƙasar Mexico daga yancin kai na 1821.Majalisar dattijan Amurka ta amince da yarjejeniyar ta kuri'un 38 zuwa 14 a ranar 10 ga Maris da Mexico ta kuri'ar 'yan majalisa 51-34 da kuri'ar majalisar dattijai na 33-4, a ranar 19 ga Mayu.

A yawancin Amurka, nasara da samun sabbin ƙasa ya kawo karuwar kishin ƙasa.Nasarar ta zama kamar ta cika imanin 'yan Demokrat a cikin Ƙaddamar Ƙaddamar ƙasarsu.Ko da yake Whigs sun yi adawa da yakin, sun sanya Zachary Taylor dan takarar shugaban kasa a zaben 1848, suna yabon aikinsa na soja yayin da suka yi watsi da sukar yakin.Yawancin shugabannin sojoji a bangarorin biyu na yakin basasar Amurka na 1861-1865 sun sami horo a Kwalejin Soja ta Amurka a West Point kuma sun yi yaƙi a matsayin ƙaramin hafsoshi a Mexico.Ga Mexico, yakin ya kasance wani abin tarihi mai raɗaɗi ga ƙasar, ya rasa ƙasa da kuma nuna rikice-rikicen siyasa na cikin gida wanda zai ci gaba har tsawon shekaru 20.Yaƙin Gyarawa tsakanin masu sassaucin ra'ayi da masu ra'ayin mazan jiya a 1857 ya biyo bayan shiga tsakani na Faransa na biyu, wanda ya kafa Daular Mexiko ta biyu.Yakin ya sa Mexico ta shiga "lokacin jarrabawar kai ... yayin da shugabanninta ke neman ganowa da magance dalilan da suka haifar da irin wannan rikici."Bayan yakin nan da nan, gungun marubutan Mexico da suka hada da Ignacio Ramírez, Guillermo Prieto, José María Iglesias, da Francisco Urquidi sun tattara kima na son kai na dalilan yakin da cin kashin da Mexico ta yi, wanda hafsan sojojin Mexico Ramón Alcaraz ya shirya. .Da yake musun cewa iƙirarin Mexico ga Texas yana da alaƙa da yaƙin, maimakon haka sun rubuta cewa don "ainihin asalin yaƙin, ya isa a faɗi cewa rashin gamsuwa da burin Amurka, wanda rauninmu ya yarda, ya haifar da shi.