Gaya Confederacy

Gaya, haɗin gwiwar Koriya da ke cikin CE 42-532, yana cikin kwarin kogin Nakdong na Kudancin Koriya, yana fitowa daga ƙungiyar Byeonhan na zamanin Samhan.Wannan ƙungiyar ta ƙunshi ƙananan jihohi, kuma masarautar Silla, ɗaya daga cikin Masarautu uku na Koriya ta mamaye ta.Shaidun archaeological daga ƙarni na uku da na huɗu suna nuna sauyi daga ƙungiyar Byeonhan zuwa ƙungiyar Gaya, tare da manyan canje-canje a ayyukan soji da al'adun jana'iza.Muhimman wuraren binciken kayan tarihi sun haɗa da makabartar Daeseong-dong da Bokcheon-dong da aka jifan, waɗanda aka fassara a matsayin wuraren binne sarakunan Gaya.^[46]Tatsuniya, kamar yadda aka rubuta a cikin karni na 13 Samguk Yusa, ya ba da labarin kafuwar Gaya.Ya faɗi game da ƙwai shida da suka sauko daga sama a shekara ta 42, daga cikinsu ne aka haifi ’ya’ya maza shida kuma suka girma cikin sauri.Daya daga cikinsu, Suro, ya zama sarkin Geumgwan Gaya, yayin da sauran suka kafa sauran Gaya biyar.Matsalolin Gaya sun samo asali ne daga kabilu goma sha biyu na Byeonhan confederacy, suna rikidewa zuwa kyakkyawar akidar soji a karshen karni na 3, da wasu abubuwa daga masarautar Buyeo suka rinjayi.^[47]Gaya ya fuskanci matsin lamba na waje da canje-canje na ciki a lokacin wanzuwarsa.Bayan Yaƙin Masarautun Tashar Tashar Takwas (209-212) tsakanin Silla da Gaya, Gaya Confederacy ta sami nasarar ci gaba da samun 'yancin kai duk da girman tasirin Silla, ta hanyar diflomasiyya da tasirin tasirin Japan da Baekje.Duk da haka, 'yancin Gaya ya fara raguwa a ƙarƙashin matsin lamba daga Goguryeo (391-412), kuma Silla ya mamaye shi gaba ɗaya a cikin 562 bayan ya taimaka wa Baekje a yakin da Silla.Abin lura shi ne kokarin da Ara Gaya ke yi na diflomasiyya, gami da karbar bakuncin taron Anra, a wani yunkuri na wanzar da ‘yancin kai da kuma daukaka matsayinta a duniya.^[48]Tattalin arzikin Gaya ya kasance iri-iri, ya dogara ga aikin noma, kamun kifi, simintin ƙarfe, da kasuwanci mai nisa, wanda ya shahara wajen aikin ƙarfe.Wannan ƙwarewa wajen samar da baƙin ƙarfe ya sauƙaƙe dangantakar kasuwanci da Baekje da Masarautar Wa, waɗanda Gaya ke fitar da baƙin ƙarfe, sulke, da makamai zuwa waje.Ba kamar Byeonhan ba, Gaya ya nemi ci gaba da kulla alaka mai karfi ta siyasa da wadannan masarautu.A siyasance, Gaya Confederacy na da kyakkyawar alaka da Japan da Baekje, inda sukan kulla kawance da abokan gaba, Silla da Goguryeo.Ƙungiyoyin siyasar Gaya sun kafa ƙungiyar gamayya da ke kewaye da Geumgwan Gaya a ƙarni na 2 da na 3, wadda daga baya aka sake farfado da ita a kewayen Daegaya a ƙarni na 5 da na 6, kodayake daga ƙarshe ta faɗi ga faɗaɗa Silla.^[49]Bayan haɗawa, manyan Gaya an haɗa su cikin tsarin al'umma na Silla, gami da tsarin girmansa.Wannan haɗin kai yana misalta shi da Sillan Janar Kim Yu-sin, ɗan zuriyar sarautar Gaya, wanda ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen haɗewar Masarautun Koriya uku.Matsayin da Kim ke da shi a cikin manyan mukamai na Silla yana jaddada haɗin kai da tasirin manyan sarakunan Gaya a cikin masarautar Silla, ko da bayan faduwar Gaya Confederacy.^[50]