Kazan Operation was the Red Army's offensive against the Czechoslovak Legion and the People Army of Komuch during the Russian Civil War. It was the Red Army's first major victory. Trotsky referred to this victory as the event that "taught the Red army to fight".

On the September 11, Simbirsk fell, and on October 8 Samara. The Whites fell back eastwards to Ufa and Orenburg.