Story
Characters
Further Reading

20

Hundred Years' War: Caroline War
The Caroline War was the second phase of the Hundred Years' War between France and England, following the Edwardian War. It was so-named after Charles V of France, who resumed the war nine years after the Treaty of Brétigny (signed 1360). The Kingdom of France dominated this phase of the war.
Prologue
Britanny, France
Battle of Cocherel
Houlbec-Cocherel, France
War of the Breton Succession ends
Auray, France
Castilian Civil War
Madrid, Spain
The Castilian Civil War was a war of succession over the Crown of Castile that lasted from 1351 to 1369. The conflict started after the death of king Alfonso XI of Castile in March 1350. It became part of the larger conflict then raging between the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of France: the Hundred Years' War. It was fought primarily in Castile and its coastal waters between the local and allied forces of the reigning king, Peter, and his illegitimate brother Henry of Trastámara over the right to the crown.
Battle of Nájera
Nájera, Spain
Castilian naval power, far superior to that of France or England, encouraged the two polities to take sides in the civil war, to gain control over the Castilian fleet. King Peter of Castile was supported by England, Aquitaine, Majorca, Navarra and the best European mercenaries hired by the Black Prince. His rival, Count Henry, was aided by a majority of the nobility and the Christian military organizations in Castile. While neither the Kingdom of France nor the Crown of Aragon gave him official assistance, he had on his side many Aragonese Soldiers and the French free companies loyal to his lieutenant the Breton knight and French commander Bertrand du Guesclin. Although the battle ended with a resounding defeat for Henry, it had disastrous consequences for King Peter, the Prince of Wales and England.
Siege of Limoges
Limoges, France
Battle of Pontvallain
Pontvallain, France
Battle of Chiset
Chizé, France
Western Schism
Avignon, France
Britanny Campaign
Nantes, France
Charles V and du Guesclin dies
Toulouse, France
The King died on 16 September 1380 and was succeeded by his 11-year-old son, Charles VI. Du Guesclin died of illness at Châteauneuf-de-Randon while on a military expedition in Languedoc.
Wat Tyler's Rebellion
Tower of London, UK
Battle of Roosebeke
Westrozebeke, Belgium
Despenser's Crusade
Ghent, Belgium
Despenser's Crusade (or the Bishop of Norwich's Crusade, sometimes just Norwich Crusade) was a military expedition led by the English bishop Henry le Despenser in 1383 that aimed to assist the city of Ghent in its struggle against the supporters of Antipope Clement VII. It took place during the great Papal schism and the Hundred Years' War between England and France. While France supported Clement, whose court was based in Avignon, the English supported Pope Urban VI in Rome.
English invasion of Scotland
Scotland
Battle of Margate
Margate, UK
Epilogue: Truce of Leulinghem
Calais, France
The Truce of Leulinghem was a truce agreed to by Richard II's Kingdom of England and its allies, and Charles VI's Kingdom of France and its allies, on 18 July 1389, ending the second phase of the Hundred Years' War. England was on the edge of financial collapse and suffering from internal political divisions. On the other side, Charles VI was suffering from a mental illness that handicapped the furthering of the war by the French government. Neither side was willing to concede on the primary cause of the war, the legal status of the Duchy of Aquitaine and the King of England's homage to the King of France through his possession of the duchy. However, both sides faced major internal issues that could badly damage their kingdoms if the war continued. The truce was originally negotiated by representatives of the kings to last three years, but the two kings met in person at Leulinghem, near the English fortress of Calais, and agreed to extend the truce to a twenty-seven years' period.
Key Findings:
- Joint crusade against the Turks
- English support of French plan to end the Papal schism
- Marriage alliance between England and France
- Peace to the Iberian peninsula
- English evacuated all their holdings in northern France except Calais.
Characters
Key Figures for Caroline War
Jean III de Grailly
Gascon Leader
Philip the Bold
Duke of Burgundy
John of Gaunt
Duke of Lancaster
Olivier de Clisson
Breton Knight
Edward the Black Prince
Prince of Wales
Charles V of France
King of France
John Chandos
English Knight
John Hastings
Earl of Pembroke
Bertrand du Guesclin
Breton Military Commander
Further Reading
Book Recommenations for Caroline War
- Nicolle, David (2011). The Great Chevauchée: John of Gaunt's Raid on France 1373. Oxford: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-1849082471.
- Perroy, E., (1951). The Hundred Years' War. New York, New York: Oxford University Press.
- Rogers, Clifford (2006). "Chevauchée". International Encyclopedia of Military History. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0415936613.
- Wagner, John A (2006). Encyclopedia of the Hundred Years War. Westport CT: Greenwood Press. ISBN 0-313-32736-X.
Timelines Game
