
The Treaty of Constantinople (1724), signed amid the chaos following the collapse of the Safavid Empire, divided large parts of Persia, including Georgia, between the Ottoman and Russian Empires. This division was short-lived as Persia, under Nader Shah, quickly regained strength. By 1735, Nader had expelled the Ottomans from Kakheti and the rest of Georgia, reestablishing Persian dominion over much of the region.
Teimuraz aligned himself with Nader Shah and was appointed Persian wali (governor) of Kartli. Despite this, many Georgian nobles resisted Persian rule, particularly due to the heavy tributes imposed by Nader Shah. Teimuraz and his son, Heraclius, remained loyal to Persia, aiming to block the resurgence of the rival Mukhrani branch. Heraclius proved instrumental in suppressing opposition, quashing a coup attempt by Prince Abdullah Beg of the Mukhrani dynasty and helping his father defeat the anti-Persian aristocracy led by Givi Amilakhvari.
In recognition of their loyalty, Nader Shah granted kingship of Kartli to Teimuraz and of Kakheti to Heraclius in 1744, solidifying their rule. This marked a period of cooperation with Persia but also set the stage for future efforts by Teimuraz and Heraclius to assert greater independence from Persian domination.