In 2022, following Russia's invasion of Ukraine, Estonia swiftly increased its defense spending and strengthened its cybersecurity infrastructure as part of its comprehensive response to the growing regional security threat. As a former Soviet republic sharing a border with Russia, Estonia viewed the invasion as a direct challenge to European stability and its own security. In response, the Estonian government committed to bolstering its military capabilities, allocating a significant increase in its defense budget, and enhancing its readiness for potential threats.
Estonia also reaffirmed its strong ties with NATO, emphasizing its role as a committed ally within the organization. The country actively supported Ukraine by providing military aid and humanitarian assistance while advocating for a strong and united European response to Russian aggression. Estonia’s response reflected its deep historical concerns about Russian expansionism and its commitment to collective defense under NATO’s Article 5, which guarantees that an attack on one member is considered an attack on all.