Denmark's involvement in the War in Afghanistan marked a significant chapter in its modern history, as the country played a proactive role in international military operations for the first time in decades. This engagement signified Denmark's shift towards a more active foreign policy and commitment to global security issues in the post-Cold War era.
Denmark joined the U.S.-led coalition in Afghanistan following the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks, as part of the NATO mission under Operation Enduring Freedom. The Danish Parliament quickly approved military support, marking a decisive move away from Denmark's traditional stance of neutrality. This decision aligned with Denmark's commitment to its NATO obligations, as well as its broader support for fighting terrorism and upholding international security.
The first Danish troops arrived in Afghanistan in late 2001, primarily tasked with supporting U.S. and allied forces in operations against the Taliban and al-Qaeda. These forces included special operations units, infantry, and support personnel, reflecting Denmark's commitment to the mission despite its relatively small military.
In 2002, Denmark transitioned to a more extensive role within the International Security Assistance Force (ISAF), the NATO-led mission established to assist in maintaining security and rebuilding efforts in Afghanistan. Danish forces were primarily deployed in the Helmand Province, one of the most volatile regions in southern Afghanistan, where they faced significant combat against Taliban insurgents.
Denmark's military engagement in Afghanistan became one of the country's largest military operations since World War II, with over 9,500 Danish soldiers serving in rotations between 2002 and 2014. This period saw Denmark actively contributing to combat operations, training Afghan security forces, and participating in reconstruction and stabilization efforts.
The Danish military's involvement was widely recognized for its professionalism and effectiveness, but it also came at a high cost. Fifty Danish soldiers lost their lives, and many others were wounded during the mission, making it one of the most challenging and costly military engagements in Denmark's modern history.
In 2014, Denmark began winding down its military involvement in Afghanistan as the ISAF mission transitioned to the Resolute Support Mission, focusing on training and advising Afghan security forces. Although Denmark ended its combat role, it continued to provide financial support and contribute to training efforts, demonstrating a commitment to Afghanistan's long-term stability and development.
Denmark maintained a small number of military personnel as part of the NATO mission until the complete withdrawal of international forces in 2021. This decision was made in coordination with the U.S. and other NATO allies, marking the end of Denmark's 20-year military presence in Afghanistan.