O Reino Indo-Greek, existente de aproximadamente 200 aC a 10 EC, já estendeu partes do Afeganistão moderno, Paquistão e noroeste da Índia . Foi formado pela invasão dosubcontinente indiano pelo rei graeco-bactiano Demetrius, mais tarde seguido por eucratidas. Esse reino da era helenística, também conhecido como o reino Yavana, apresentava uma mistura de culturas gregas e indianas, como evidenciado por suas moedas, linguagem e restos arqueológicos.
O reino compreendia várias políticas dinásticas com capitais em regiões como Taxila (no Punjab moderno), pushkalavati e sagala, indicando uma presença grega generalizada na área. Os Indo-Greeks eram conhecidos por mesclar elementos gregos e indianos, impactando significativamente a arte através de influências greco-budistas e possivelmente formando uma etnia híbrida entre as classes dominantes.
Menander I, o rei indo mais notável, baseado em sua capital em Sagala (atual Sialkot). Após sua morte, os territórios indo-gregos se fragmentaram, e sua influência diminuiu, dando origem a reinos e repúblicas locais. Os Indo-Greeks enfrentaram invasões pelos indo-cíguias e acabaram sendo absorvidos ou deslocados pelos indo-cytianos, indo-parteiais e kushans, com populações gregas possivelmente permanecendo na região até o final de 415 CE sob os sateraps ocidentais.
History of Afghanistan
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