Alcibiades (c. 450–404 BCE) was an Athenian statesman and general, notable for his significant role in the latter part of the Peloponnesian War. He was a member of the prominent Alcmaeonidae family, with connections to both the Spartan aristocracy and influential Athenian leaders, including Pericles. His early life was marked by a close relationship with Socrates, who sought to guide him away from his notorious behavior.Alcibiades first gained prominence in Athenian politics after the Peace of Nicias, advocating for an aggressive foreign policy. He was a key supporter of the Sicilian Expedition, which aimed to expand Athenian influence. However, after facing charges of sacrilege, he fled to Sparta, where he served as a military advisor and orchestrated campaigns against Athens. His time in Sparta was short-lived, as he fell out of favor and defected to Persia, advising the satrap Tissaphernes on strategies to weaken both Athens and Sparta.After a period in Persia, Alcibiades was recalled to Athens, where he played a crucial role in several military victories, including the battles of Abydos and Cyzicus. His unconventional tactics often involved winning cities through negotiation rather than direct conflict. Despite his successes, he faced political opposition and was eventually dismissed from command after a defeat at Notium, which was attributed to his subordinate's actions rather than his own decisions.Following his dismissal, Alcibiades sought refuge in the Persian Empire, where he was ultimately assassinated in 404 BCE, reportedly at the behest of Spartan interests. His life was characterized by shifting allegiances and a complex relationship with power, leaving a lasting legacy in both Athenian history and classical literature.